PELVIC REGION

DR. JUNHEL DALANON

PELVIC CAVITY

A. Superior Pelvic Inlet

B. Inferior Pelvic Outlet
C. Anterior Pubic Symphysis
D. Posterior - Coccyx
PELVIC INLET

A. Superior part of the pubic symphysis

B. Posterior border of the pubic crest (between the
pubic tubercle and the pubic symphysis joint)
C. Superior ramus of the pubic bone
D. Arcuate line of the ilium (a line that resembles a ridge
on the internal surface of the ilium)
E. Anterior portion of the sacral ala (large triangular
portions on either side of the sacral base)
F. Sacral promontory (most superior and anterior
part of the sacrum)
PELVIC OUTLET

A. Inferior portion of the pubic symphysis

B. Inferior rami of the pubic bones and
ischial tuberosities of the ischial bones
C. Sacrotuberous ligaments (running from
the sacrum to the ischial tuberosities)
D. Tip of the coccyx (tailbone)
PELVIC GIRDLE

A. Ossa Coxae another term for pelvic

bones
B. Pelvic Bones Ilium, Ischium, Pubis
C. Acetabulum socket of the hip joint
JOINTS AT THE PELVIC REGION

A. Pubic Symphysis
B. Sacroiliac Joints
C. Sacrococcygeal Joint
MUSCLES AT THE PELVIC REGION

A. Pelvic Diaphragm / Pelvic Floor

1. Coccygeus
2. Levator ani
a. Puborectalis
b. Pubococcygeus
c. Iliococcygeus
PERITONEUM

A. Supravesical fossa: On the superior

surface of the bladder
B. Paravesical fossae: Located on
each side of the bladder
C. Vesico-uterine pouch: Formed
between the bladder and uterus in
females
PERITONEUM

D. The broad ligament: A portion of

the peritoneum that covers the
uterus and vagina in females;
surrounds the uterine tubes and
round ligaments and suspends the
ovaries
E. The ureteric fold: Covers the ureters,
ductus deferentes, and superior portion
of seminal vesicles in males
PERITONEUM

F. Recto-uterine pouch: Located

between the uterus and rectum in
females
G. Rectovesical pouch: Located
between the bladder, seminal
vesicles and rectum in males
H. Pararectal fossae: Run along each side
of the rectum
INNERVATION

A. Sacral Plexus
B. Coccygeal Plexus
C. Pelvic Autonomic Nerves
SACRAL PLEXUS

A. Formed by 4th & 5th Lumbar Spinal nerves

B. Branches:
1. Sciatic internus
2. Pudendal 7. Nerve to the Piriformis
3. Superior Gluteal 8. Perforating cutaneous nerve
4. Inferior Gluteal 9. Posterior femoral cutaneous
nerve
5. Nerve to the Quadratus
femoris 10. Pelvic splanchnic nerve
6. Nerve to the Obturator
COCCYGEAL PLEXUS

A. Formed by 4th & 5th Sacral Spinal nerves

B. Supplies the coccygeus, levator ani,
sacrococcygeal joint
PELVIC AUTONOMIC NERVES

A. control things like blood flow, hormone levels,

and body functions that you dont consciously
think about
B. Branches:
1. Sacral sympathetic trunks
2. Superior hypogastric plexus
3. Inferior hypogastric plexuses
4. Pelvic splanchnic nerves (S2S4)
BLOOD VESSELS

A. The abdominal aorta branches into the right

and left common iliac arteries at the level of the
4th lumbar vertebra.
B. The common iliac arteries descend to the
pelvic brim, where they divide into the
external and internal iliac arteries.
C. The external iliac arteries leave the
abdominal cavity to supply the lower
extremities.
BLOOD VESSELS

D. They have two branches, the inferior

epigastric and deep circumflex iliac arteries.
E. The internal iliac artery enters the pelvis to
supply blood to pelvic organs, gluteal
muscles, and the perineum.
F. It has many branches that stem from its
two divisions (anterior and posterior).
ANTERIOR DIVISION OF THE
INTERIOR ILIAC ARTERY
1. Umbilical artery
2. Obturator artery
3. Inferior vesical artery
4. Middle rectal artery
5. Internal pudendal artery
6. Inferior gluteal artery
7. Uterine artery
POSTERIOR DIVISION OF THE
INTERIOR ILIAC ARTERY
1. Iliolumbar artery
2. Lateral sacral arteries
3. Superior gluteal artery
4. Superior rectal artery
5. Median sacral artery
6. Ovarian arteries
LYMPHATICS

External iliac lymph nodes

Internal iliac lymph nodes
Sacral lymph nodes
Common iliac lymph nodes
Pararectal nodes
Superficial inguinal and deep inguinal nodes
Lumbar nodes