Eukaryotic transcription

Formation of the promoter-

1. Initiation polymerase complex

Elongation of RNA chain.

2.Elongation
Indicates the end of transcription
3.Termination and the release of the RNA product.
The Three RNA Polymerases in Eukaryotic
Cells
Three type of RNA Polymerases exist for the transcription of eukaryotic
genes, each of which transcribes a certain class of genes.
All three enzymes are characterized by a complex subunit structure.
RNA polymerase I is responsible for the transcription of the ribosomal RNA
gene (Class I genes)
RNA polymerase II is transcribes the genes encoding protein ( Class II
genes)
RNA polymerase III transcribes the genes for the tRNAs and the 5S
ribosomal RNA ( class III genes)
Transcription of each genes class catalized by specific RNA polymerases and
transcription factors (TFs)
 Transcription Factor
TFIID Composed of TATA-binding protein (TBP) and other TBP-associated factors (TAFs).
Recognizes the TATA box of eukaryotic gene promoters. Some gene didnt have Tata box
but they still need TBP to do transcription.
TFIIB Binds to TFIID and enables RNA Pol II to bind to the core promoter. Also promotes TFIIF
binding
TFIIF Binds to RNA polymerase II. TFIIF Bind to TFIIB and the core promoter. Also plays a role in
the ability of TFIIE and TFIIH to bind to RNA polymerase II.

TFIIE Plays a role in the formation of the open complex. Facilitating the binding of TFIIH to RNA
polymerase II and regulating the activity of TFIIH.

TFIIH A multisubunit protein that has multiple roles. First, certain subunits act as helicases and
promote the formation of the open complex. Other subunits phosphorylate the carboxyl
terminal domain (CTD) of RNA polymerase II, which releases its interaction with TFIIE,
thereby allowing RNA polymerase II to proceed to the elongation phase.
transcription of a eukaryotic gene by RNA
polymerase II TFIID binds to the TATA box. TFIID is a
complex of proteins that includes the
TATA- binding protein (TBP) and several
TBP-associated factors (TAFS)

TFIIB binds to TFIID

TFIIB act as a bridge to

bind TFIIF and RNA
polymerase II

TFIIE and TFIIH bind to RNA polymerase II to form

pre-initiation complex or closed complex