Fisika Gelombang

(Gelombang-4)

Dwa Desa Warnana

Review: Reflection and Transmission

The general rules apply to reflected waves:

When a wave or pulse travels from medium A to

medium B and vA > vB (that is, when B is denser
than A), it is inverted upon reflection.

When a wave or pulse travels from medium A to

medium B and vA < vB (that is, when A is denser
than B), it is not inverted upon reflection.
Reflection and Transmission

The incident wave:

A reflected wave:

A transmitted wave:
 Reflection and Transmission
X=0

Let us suppose the interface is at x = 0. The boundary conditions at the interface

are as follows:

1. The string is continuous, therefore the amplitude y is continuous

2. The net force on the interface must be zero. This means that the total force in the
y-direction on the interface is zero; that is T y/x is continuous
 Reflection and Transmission

Transmission coefficient
Reflection coefficient
1 2 2 1
r = yr /yi = =
1 + 2 2 + 1

21 22
t = yt /yi = =
1 + 2 2 + 1
 Reflection and Transmission
Quick Quiz:
Do we ever have a phase shift in reflected or transmitted
waves?
If so, when? And what is it?
What if v2 = 0?
When would that occur?
What if v2 = v1?
When would that occur?
Reflection and Transmission

Impedance:
Example
 Example

1 2 2.24 1.41
= = = = 0.23
1 + 2 2.24 + 1.41

= = 1 + = 1 + 0.23 = 1.23

The width of the waves are determined by the wave speed. The width of the reflected pulse
is the same as the width of the incident pulse since they have the same wave speed. The
width of the transmitted pulse is greater than the width of the reflected pulse since the wave
speed is greater in the second string.
 Example
The leading edge of the the transmitted pulse travels a distance t= v2 t = v2/ v1 .
Therefore the width of the transmitted pulse is:

2 70.7
= = = 1.58
1 44.7

A sketch of the reflected and transmitted waves:

 Reflection and Transmission
Power at Interface
The incident power:

the reflected power:

the transmitted power:

 Home works
1. Problem Repeat the previous example problem if the
strings are switched.
 Home works
2. Let a harmonic wave of frequency = 30/ s be incident
on the junction between the two strings of the
previous example . Take the incident, reflected, and
transmitted waves to be of the forms,

A) Find, kI ; kR; and kT.

B) Find I ; R; and T:
C) Find AR and AT.
 Home works
3. A wave at frequency traveling from a string to a rope. At
the junction, 80% of the power is reflected. How much
power would be reflected if the wave was going from the
rope to the string instead?
Much less than 80%
A little less than 80%
About 80%
More than 80%