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CORRUPTION
UNDERSTANDING OF CORRUPTION
Corruption (Latin words: corruptio of a
meaningful verb corrumpere, that means
rotten, corrupt, destabilizing, twisting, bribing).
Literally, corruption is
behavior of public officials, both politicians |
Politicians and civil servants,
which is not fair and not legal to enrich themselves
or enriching those close to him,
with misuse of public power entrusted to them
CORRUPTION PERCEPTION INDEX 2009
DEMOCRACY
ECONOMY
GENERAL WELFARE
OF THE STATE
IMPACT AGAINST ECONOMY
Corruption complicates economic development and reduce
the quality of government services.
Corruption complicates economic development through
creating distortions and inefficiencies are high.
In the private sector, corruption increase
1) the cost of trading because of losses from illegal payments,
2) the cost of management in negotiations with corrupt officials, and
3) the risk of cancellation of the agreement or because the investigation.
Although there is the statement that corruption reduce the cost
to have embarked bureaucracy, but the bribe was made official to
make new rules and new obstacles.
In addition to rising costs caused, corruption also confuse
"commercial field. " Companies that have a connection is
protected from competition and will keep the companies that are
inefficient.
Impact of Corruption on Economic (2)
Corruption caused distortion (chaos) in the public
sector to shift public investment to public projects
more bribe available.
Officials add to the complexity of community
projects to hide corrupt practices, which ultimately
result in more chaos.
Corruption also reduces compliance with building
safety requirements, environmental, or other rules.
Corruption also reduces the quality of government
services and infrastructure; and added pressures
on government budgets.
IMPACT IN THE FIELD OF PUBLIC WELFARE
Political corruption in many countries, and give a
major threat to its citizens
Political corruption means that government
policies often benefit a bribe giver, rather than
the people at large.
Another example is how politicians make laws that
protect large corporations, but the disadvantage of
small firms
Politicians' pro-business is just relief to big companies
who give large donations to their election campaigns
THE FORM includes abuse ..
BY THE GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS such as .
embezzlement and
nepotism
CONNECTING THE MISUSE OF WHICH THE
PRIVATE SECTOR AND GOVERNMENT as
bribery, extortion, interference, and fraud.
bribery involve who bribes & who is bribed
DONATION CAMPAIGN & FORBIDDEN MONEY
CORRUPTI
ON IN THE
STREET
CAMPAIGN DONATION &
FORBIDDEN MONEY
In the political arena, it is very difficult to prove
corruption, but more difficult to prove that it
doesnt exist
Politicians are trapped in a weak position because
of the need to charge for their campaigns. Once
elected, they will take action favorable reply
donors, and ultimately led to allegations of
political corruption.
ALLEGATIONS OF CORRUPTION
AS A POLITICAL TOOL
Often occur in which politicians find a
way to smear their opponents with
charges of corruption.
For example:
Case of Misbakhun hostage PAN
The case of Miranda Gultom hostage PDIP
Century Bank Case hostage Democrat Party
Gayus Case hostage GOLKAR
MEASURING CORRUPTION
Measuring corruption - statistically, to compare some
countries, it is not easy, because the perpetrators want to
hide.
Transparency International, offers three benchmarks,
which is published each year:
Corruption Perceptions Index (based on expert opinion about
how corrupt these countries); (based on a survey of perceptions
and views of people of their experiences with corruption);
Survey of Giving Bribes, who saw how willing foreign companies
give a bribe.
Transparency International Global Corruption Report; edition in
2004 focused on political corruption.
World Bank collects data on corruption, including a number of
Governance Indicators
THE LEAST CORRUPT COUNTRIES
AUSTRALIA NEW ZEALAND
CANADA NORWAY
DENMARK SINGAPORE
FINLAND SWEDEN
ICELAND SWITZERLAND
LUXEMBOURG ISRAEL
DUTCH
THE MOST CORRUPT COUNTRIES
AZERBAIJAN NIGERIA
BANGLADESH PAKISTAN
BOLIVIA RUSSIA
CAMEROON TANZANIA
INDONESIA UGANDA
IRAQ UKRAINE
KENYA
EFFORTS TO REDUCE & CONTROL
OF CORRUPTION
REALIZE GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE & PUBLIC GOOD
GOVERNANCE
APEC TRANSPARENCY ANTICORRUPTION AND TASK FORCE:
RATIFICATION, ACCESSION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF UNITED NATION
CONVENTION AGAINST CORRUPTION
STRENGTHENS EFFORTS TO PREVENT CORRUPTION AND UPGRADE
TRANSPARENCY
DENY SAFE HAVEN FOR OFFICERS CORRUPTOR
FIGHT CORRUPTION IN EITHER PUBLIC OR PRIVATE SECTOR
APEC COOPERATION TO PREVENT & ERADICATE CORRUPTION
ANTI MONEY LAUNDERING
TRANSPARENCY
ACCOUNTABILITY
RESPONSIBILITY
INDEPENDENCY
GOOD CORPO-
RATE GOVERNANCE
FAIRNESS
GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
Five Pillars of Good Corporate Governance
TRANSPARENCY - provide relevant info and materials
which are easily accessible by stakeholders
ACCOUNTABILITY - reliable performance in a
transparent and fair
RESPONSIBILITY - obey the law and carry out
responsibilities to society and the environment
INDEPENDENCY - are managed independently so that
the organs of companies do not dominate each other
and that no intervention of other parties
FAIRNESS - always consider the interests of
shareholders; and stakeholders based on the principle
of equality and fairness
GOOD PUBLIC GOVERNANCE
(GOOD GOVERMENTAL MANAGEMENT)
PARTICIPATION JUSTICE
RULE OF LAW EFFECTIVE & EFFICIENT
TRANSPARENCY ACCOUNTABILITY
RESPONSIBILITY STRATEGIC VISION
CONSENSUS INTERRELATION
ORIENTED
IMPLEMENTATION OF STATE
GOVERNMENT GOVERNANCE
GOVERNMENT
GOVERNMENT SOCIETY
SOCIETY
ENTREPRENEUR
CIVIL SOCIETY
SOCIETY
ORDER OF STATES
ADMINISTRATION
ORDER OF
GOVERNING
SOCIAL STATES POLICIES
ASPIRATIONS
GOVT ACTION
PLAN
STRATEGIC
ENVIRONMENT
THE END