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Physical Properties of

Cinnabar,Chalcopirite and Ilmenite


ALFA KEKAS NUNAKI (1604108010038)
SYADIE AL FAWAZ (1604108010042)
Cinnabar

Cinnabar is a mercury sulphide mineral found in


hydrothermal veins
Physical Properties
Cinnabar

Formula :HgS
Colour :Tint or shade of red
System :Trigonal
Lustre :Metallic
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Transparent
Streak :Red-brown to scarlet
Hardness (Mohs):2 - 2
Tenacity:Sectile
Cleavage:Perfect
Fracture:Irregular/Uneven, Sub-Conchoidal
Density:8.176 g/cm3
Industrial Uses :Principal ore of mercury. Used as a
cosmetic pigment in ancient times.
Cinnabar Identification Tips

Cinnabar can be recognised by its red colour, red


streak, adamantine lustre of cinnabar and very
high density. In this section it has very high relief,
red colour, and creamy high order birefringence
colours.
Chalcopirite

Chalcopyrite is a common mineral in hydrothermal


deposits and is also found as a common accessory
mineral in basic and ultrabasic igneous rocks. It can
also be found within sediments and is common in
secondary enrichment zones of many ore deposits.
Chalcopirite

Formula:CuFeS2
System:Tetragonal
Lustre:Metallic
Colour:Brass yellow, often with an iridescent
tarnish.
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Opaque
Streak:Greenish black
Hardness (Mohs):3 - 4
Tenacity:Brittle
Cleavage:Poor/Indistinct
Fracture:Irregular/Uneven
Density:4.1 - 4.3 g/cm3
Industrial Uses:It is the principal ore of copper.
Identification Tips

Chalcopyrite can be recognised by its brassy yellow


colour. It can be distinguished from pyrite since its
colour is often more distinctly yellow, it has a lower
hardness and has a tetragonal symmetry.
Chalcopyrite also forms botryoidal or reniform
masses. Lamellar and interpenetration twins are
relatively common.
Scapolite

Scapolite is observed in thermal and regional


metamorphic rocks with carbonate-bearing or
gabbroic protoliths. It is also observed in skarns. In
altered gabbros it replaces plagioclase. It has also
been reported from granulites and schists.
Ilmenite

Ilmenite is a common accessory mineral in basic


igneous rocks and in many metamorphic rocks. It is
also commonly part of the heavy mineral fraction of
clastic sedimentary rocks.
SeriesFormula : Fe2+Ti4+O3
System :Trigonal
Lustre :Metallic, Sub-Metallic
Colour : Iron black or black
Transparancy : Opaque
Streak : Black Red Black
Hardness : 5-6 Mohs

Tenacity: Brittle
Cleavage: None Observed
Fracture:Conchoidal
Density :4.68 - 4.76 g/cm3
Industry Uses: Ilmenite is the most important ore of
the element titanium. It has recently surpassed
Rutile as the main ore mineral of that metal.
Ilmenite was once used as a minor ore of iron prior
to the discovery of titanium as an industrially
important metal.
Identification Tips

Ilmenite can be identified by its metallic lustre and


dark colour. Its lath like habit, hen present,
distinguishes it from magnetite. Ilmenite can,
however, from lamellae within magnetite and vice a
versa. The presence of small crystals of magnetite
within ilmenite can make it slightly magnetic.
Hematite can be distinguished from ilmenite by its
lighter streak.
References

www.minerals.net
geology.com
www.mindat.org
nuansamasel.com
www.handbookofmineralogy.org
gemdat.org
Webmineral.com
Imperialrocklibrary.ac.uk

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