THE INSTITUTION OF ENGINEERS

SRI LANKA

PROFESSIONAL REVIEW EXAMINATION

2013 / 2014

Name
AM XXXXX
C - XX
1
PRESENTATION OUTLINE
1. Recognized Training and
Responsible Experience
2. Applications of Five Core
Competences
3. Structural Design

2
1 Recognized Training and
Responsible Experience
1. Recognized Training ( Prior to Graduation )

Place of Work Duration

Taisei Mitsubishi Joint Venture,

Bandaranaike International Airport Development 2 Months
Project

Sumitomo Mitsui Construction Co. Ltd. 2 Months

Serendib Flour Mill Project

Total 5 Months

3
1 Recognized Training and
Responsible Experience
2. Recognized Training ( After Graduation )
Place of Work Duration

Department of Civil Engineering,

01 Months
Faculty of Engineering, University of Peradeniya

Gunathilake Construction (Pvt.) Ltd.,

19 Months
New Staff Quarters for Sri Lanka Army
Personnel Officers at Manning Town

Lanka Trading Construction Company (Pvt.) Ltd.,

Balance Civil Work of Existing Green Hills Hotel, 04 Months
NuwaraEliya

Total 24 Months
4
1 Recognized Training and
Responsible Experience
3. 1. Responsible Experience -
Central Engineering Consultancy Bureau
Construction
Project Duration
Construction of Buddhist & Pali University Project,
5 Months
Homagama

Rehabilitation of Mannar Karathivu Jaffna Road

17 Months
(A32)

Re-Construction of Medawachchiya to Madhu

06 Months
Railway Line

Total 28 Months

5
1 Recognized Training and
Responsible Experience
3. 2. Responsible Experience -
Central Engineering Consultancy Bureau

Project Management
Duratio
Project
n
11
Southern Railway Line Upgrading Project Months

03 Months
Re-Construction of Omanthai to Pallai Railway Line (To date)

14
Total Months

6
1 Recognized Training and
Responsible Experience
3. 3. Responsible Experience -
Central Engineering Consultancy Bureau
Design
Duratio
Project
n

Design of
Proposed Eye Ward and Theatre Complex 12 Months
of Kalutara General Hospital

Total 12 Months

7
1 4. 1. Responsible Experience Construction

Construction of Building ...

Photos

8
1 4. 2. Responsible Experience Construction

Construction of Building .

Photos

9
2 Applications of Five
Core Competences
Recognized Training ( Prior to Graduation )
Recognized Training ( After Graduation )
Responsible Experience

1. Knowledge and Understanding of Engineering Principles

2. Practical Application of Engineering Knowledge
3. Leadership and Management
4. Communication and Interpersonal Skills
5. Professional Conduct

10
2 Knowledge & Understanding
1. of Engineering Principles
Analyzing, Designing & Detailing of Structures
Designing of various kinds of elements like Slab,
Beam, Column, Foundation & staircase
Coordinating and ensuring Contractors compliance
with the drawings and contract documents
Quality control of materials during the stages of
procuring , internal transport , construction etc.

11
2 Practical Application of
2. Engineering Knowledge
Conducting research on Job Satisfaction Factors of Engineers
in Semi Government Sector as a fulfillment of MSc.
Engineering

Structural Design

Perform design calculations using BS 8110:Part 1, BS 8110:

Part 2 and BS 8110:Part 3 in1985 , Loading calculation and
Initial Member Sizing (BS 6399:Part 1,3:1996,1988,
Istruct. Manual 1985 CP3:Chapter V-part2-1972)

Calculate Bending Moment, Shear Force & Structural Design

Manually
Using Software : PROKON
Make the 3D Model and Analysis using PROKON
12
23. Leadership & Management
Preparation of annual budget and construction program.
Issuing site instructions to follow up the drawings and
approved methodologies to maintain the quality
Arranging meetings with different parties regarding the
issues at the site
Guide & supervise the supervisors, sub contractors and
labour force to achieve targets.
Monitoring & reviewing of work progress and re-
scheduling if any balance work to achieve targets.
Maintain a solid relationship with the client , Consultant
and Contractor.

13
2 Communication &
4.Inter-personal Skills
Participating meetings with Clients, Consultants and
Contractors
Attending daily, weekly and monthly progress meetings
Holding site meetings, preparation of minutes and
maintaining corrective/preventive action logs.
Preparation of detailed progress report for monthly
meeting and presenting at meeting.
Communicating with relevant authorities within the
CECB and outside the CECB.
Sharing knowledge with sub ordinates and arranging
discussion to clarify problems.

14
2 5.Professional Conduct
Proposing systems of work to enhance the safety of workers

Instructing to take proper actions for disposal of materials

avoiding critical environmental issues

Insisted on using safety nets, safety belts , helmets and boots for
both laborers and subordinates whenever required.

Completed Construction Project Management MSc Engineering

program conducted by Faculty of Engineering, University of
Moratuwa.

Obtaining memberships & attending CPD programs organized by,

Institute of Engineers, Sri Lanka - AM 9324
Society of Structural Engineers, Sri Lanka - AM 1005
Highway Engineering Society, Sri Lanka - AM 70
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3

Structural Design
Locate column positions, select beam and slab arrangements by considering
the loading pattern by ensuring lateral stability of the structure.

Materials
Density of concrete - 24 kN/m3
Characteristic Strength of Concrete (f cu) - 25 N/mm2
Yield strength of Tor Steel - 460 N/mm2
Yield strength of Mild Steel - 250 N/mm2

loads
Wind speed - 38 m/s
Live Loads
Office area - 3.5 kN/m2
Staircase and lobby - 4.0 kN/m2
Temporary partitions - 1.0 kN/m2
Toilet - 2.0 kN/m2
Hospital wards - 2.0 kN/m2
Dead Loads
Floor finishes - 1.5 kN/m2

Bearingcapacity of soil
Gravel Soil - 175 kN/m2
16
3 Structural Design

17
3 1. Design of Slab ....
Structural Design
Selection of Cover:
Durability Requirement for Mild exposure condition 25mm
For 1hr Fire Resistance - 20mm

Span / effective depth ratio:

For One Way Spanning , continuous Slab - 31
For Two Way Spanning , continuous Slab - 40

Slab thickness:
Slab Thickness = Effective depth + Cover + of the Bar Diameter

Check for Minimum Slab Thickness:

For 1hr fire resistance minimum slab thickness is 95mm

18
3 Structural Design
1. Design of Slab
Calculate the design load, n = 1 .4 g k 1 .6 q k
Calculate bending moment
2
M sx sx nl x M sy sy nl x
2

Calculate shear force

V sx vx nl x V sy vy nl x
Adjustment of fixed end moments and span moments
Calculate reinforcement
M
k 2 k < 0.156, Compression R/F not required
bd f cu
k
0 .5

z d 0 . 5 0 . 25 0 . 95 d
0 . 9
M
A s , req
. 0 . 87 f y Z
19
 Structural Design
3 1. Design of Slab ..
Check for minimum and maximum spacing
Minimum : Max aggregate size or Max bar diameter

Maximum : 3d or 750mm whichever lesser

Check for minimum steel percentage

100 A s , steel
0 . 13 ( for Rectangular section )
Ac
Check for deflection.
Actual (span / eff. depth) < Allowable (span / eff. depth)
Allow. (span / eff. depth) = Basic (span / eff. depth ) x F1 x F2
[ 20 Simply Supported / 26 Continuous ]
20
 Structural Design
3 1. Design of Slab .
Check for shear.
Design shear stress,
V
v
bd
0 .8 f cu
v lesser of 5N/mm2 or
Design concrete shear stress, 1 1
0 . 79 100 A s 400
3 4
vc
m bv d d
` vvc No Shear R/F

Check for cracking

3 x Eff. depth > Max spacing between bars

21
3Structural Design
2. Design of Beam
.
Calculate the Width

Selection of cover 25mm : Mild Exposure condition &

1 hr Fire resistance
Minimum beam width 200mm :1 hr Fire resistance
Calculate the Depth
Span/ effective depth ratio 15 for Continuous Flange Beam
& 12 for Simply Supported Beam

Typical loading arrangement along the beam

22
3 Structural Design
2. Design of Beam
Calculate the effective width
b = bw + lz / 5 , lz = 0.7 l [ for T beam ]
b = bw + lz / 10 , lz = 0.7 l [ for L beam ]
Calculate the design load

V sx vx nl x 0 . 75 V sy vy nl x 0 . 75
Calculate fixed end moment & Adjustment of fixed end
moment
Calculate support reaction & shear force for 3 load cases
Draw BM & SF diagram
Carry out moment redistribution

23
3 Structural Design
2. Design of Beam ..
Calculation of reinforcement
Check for min & max spacing
Min - max aggregate size or smallest reinforcement size

Max - 180 mm for 10% redistribution & fy = 460 N/mm2

- 160 mm for 0% redistribution & fy = 460 N/mm2

Check for min & max reinforcement

Min - 100 As,min / bwh > 0.18 [ Span - Flange beam web in tension ]

- 100 As,min / Ac > 0.13 [ Support - Rectangular section ]

Max - 4 % of Area of concrete

Check for slenderness

Clear distance < 60bc < 250bc2/d
24
 Structural Design
3 2. Design of
Beam
Check .
for deflection
Actual (span / eff. depth) < Allowable (span / eff. depth)
Allow. (span / eff. depth) = Basic (span / eff. depth ) x F1 x F2
[ 16 Simply Supported / 20.8 Continuous ]
Check for cracking
Calculate max shear force & Design shear stress
Calculate shear reinforcement
According to [ v ] with [ 0.5vc ] , [ vc + 0.4 ] , [ 0.8 fcu1/2 ]
A sv 0 . 4 b v S v 0 . 87 f yv or A sv b v S v v d v c 0 . 87 f yv
Check max spacing
Sv < 0.75d

25
3 Structural Design
3. 3D Frame Analysis

Numbered all the nodes and find cordinates
Describe beam section
Define beam element
Assign beam section for beams
Input data for support
Describe load cases & load combinations
Input data for nodal loads
Assign loads for Nodes
Input data for beam loads
Assign loads for beams
Finalize the Model & Analysis

26
3 Structural Design
3. 3D Frame Analysis .

MODEL OF 3D FRAME ANALYSIS: WITH RENDERING

27
3 Structural Design
4. Design of Column

Cover to reinforcement
Selection of cover 25mm : Mild Exposure condition &
1 hr Fire resistance
Calculate loads in slab & beams for all floors
Calculate effective height
Le = Lo , Lo clear height between end restraint
depending on end condition or
Le = Lo [ 1.0 + 0.15 ( c,1 + c,2 ) ] & Le = Lo [ 2.0 + 0.30 ( c,min) ]
c - relative stiffness for lower end, upper end & minimum
Check for short & slender column
Short both Lex / h & Ley / b <15 [ braced ] & 10 [ unbrace ]
Slender both Lex / h & Ley / b >15 [ braced ] & 10 [ unbrace ]

Check for slenderness limit

Calculate axial load & fixed end moment
28
3 Structural Design
4. Design of Column ..
Check for Column / Beam
Axial load , N > 0.2 f cuAc design as Column
N < 0.2 fcuAc design as beam
Calculate additional moment
value of a = [ 1/2000 ] x [ Le / bl ]2
deflection of column , au = a k h [ k by iteratively ]
additional moment , M add = N au
Calculate minimum eccentricity
find M / bh2 , N / bh & 100 As / bh for k [ Iteratively ]
Biaxial bending
Mx / h > My / b Mx = Mx + [ h / b ] My
Mx / h < My / b My = My + [ b / h ] Mx
Calculate reinforcement
for new M / bh2 , N / bh , d / h find 100 A s / bh
Check for shear
M / N < 0.75 h , no shear check 29
3 Structural Design
4. Design of Column
.
Check for deflection

Lex / h & Ley / h < 30 , no deflection check

Check for crack control
axial load , N > 0.2 fcuAc , no crack control
Check for links
link diameter > largest bar diameter or 6mm
link spacing < 12 x smallest bar diameter
Check for min reinforcement
100 A s , steel
0 . 4
Ac
Check for max reinforcement
Vertical cast column < 6%
Laps in column < 10%
Check for max spacing
clear spacing < allowable spacing
30
3 Structural Design
5. Design of Foundation
Bearing capacity of soil 175 kN/m2 [site investigation]
Find total service load & Design load [3D analysis]
Calculate base area & footing size
Base area = Base load / Bearing pressure of soil
Check for effective depth
d > 10 Nult0.5
Design of pad foundation
Ultimate bending moment , Mult = wl2/2 x B
Calculate of footing reinforcement [ find k , Z , As,req ]
Distribution of reinforcement
3 9 Reinforcement should be
If , lc c d uniformly distributed or banded
4 4 to 2/3 As for 1.5 distance

31
3 Structural Design
5. Design of Foundation ..
Design of pad foundation
Check for max spacing Smax < 3d or 750mm
Check for min spacing 100As,min/Ac > 0.13
Check for shear , v < vc
1 1
0 . 79 100 A s 400
3 4
vc
m bv d d
Vertical line shear check [ at d distance from column face ]
V , B C


v V P ult * d min L

bd

2

Punching shear [ at a perimeter 1.5d from column face ]

V
v v = Pult x Area outside perimeter
bd
Check for max shear stress of face of column , vmax < 0.8 fcu0.5
V
v max V P ult * B 2 C 2
bd
32
3 Structural Design
5. Design of Foundation .
Design of strip foundation
Design as inverted T beam
Take moment for equilibrium for service load
Balance the length from center of gravity
Calculate the base dimension
Width = Service load / [ Length x Safe bearing pressure ]
Calculate ultimate bending moment & Shear force
Calculation of reinforcement
span design as flange beam [ find k , Z , As,req ]
support design for shear [ find v , vc , Asv ]
base design of foundation [ find (M = wl2/2), k , Z , As,req ]
Check for max & min steel

33
3

Structural Design
6. Design of Staircase .
General rules
Number of risers < 16 , Rise [R] < 190mm , Going [G] < 250mm
Check 550 < [ 2R + G ] < 700
Calculate waist thickness [ w ]
span /eff depth = 30 x 1.15 [ one way heavily loaded continuous slab ]
Calculation of loading
factor of slope = [ R2 + G2 ]1/2 / G , factor of over lap = T / G
Calculation of reinforcement
Design for bending [ find (M = nl2/10), k , Z , As,req ]
Check for clear spacing
lesser of 3d or 750mm
Check for crack width
no check required grade 460 steel & depth lesser than 200mm
Check for deflection
Check for Shear , v < vc [ V= 0.6nl ] , no shear reinforcement
Landing slab & landing beam design according to slab & beam
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4
THANK YOU

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