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DESIGN
CHAPTER 1
NUR FARAHAIZAN BINTI IDRIS
MEANING OF DESIGN.
According to ABET ;(the Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology)
is the recognized accreditor for engineering programs in the US.
Engineering design is the process of devising a system, component, or
process to meet desired needs.
A decision-making process , include basic sciences, mathematics and
engineering sciences to convert resources optimally to meet a stated
objective.
Among the fundamental elements of the design process are the
establishment of objectives and criteria, synthesis, analysis, construction,
testing, and evaluation.
TYPE OF DESIGN
ADAPTIVE DESIGN
DEVELOPMENT DESIGN
NEW DESIGN
PHASES OF DESIGN PROCESS
PHASE 1 : PRIMARY NEEDS ANALYSIS
PHASE 2 :DEFINE OR REFINE THE PROBLEM
This involves an investigation to find out more information about the problem.
Generic design requirements: strength, reliability, wear, corrosion, thermal
properties, surface appearance, finish, color, life, size, shape, NVH, maintenance,
manufacturability, recyclability, safety, weight, shape, size, flexibility (stiffness),
lubrication, liability, friction
EXAMPLE:
Case Study: Design of a Microlaryngeal Surgical Stabilizer
Surgeons who perform vocal cord surgery currently use microlaryngeal instruments,
which must be use at a distance of some 12-14 in to operate on a surface with a very
small structure (1-2 mm).
The tremor in the surgeons hand can become quite problematic at this scale.
A mechanical system to stabilize the surgical instruments is required. The stabilization
system must not compromise the visualization of the vocal cords.
Constraint List for the Device
Must be made of nontoxic materials AND do not corrode;
Must be sterilisable AND Cost must not exceed $5,000;
Must not have sharp edges SO WILLnot pinch or gouge the patients
Must be unbreakable during normal surgical procedures.
Load
Motion of Parts or kinetic product
Selection of material
Form or size parts
Frictional resistance
Convient anf economical features
Ergonomics
Ergonomics Factor in Design
AS A SENSOR
ACTING AS A CONTROLLER
PRODUCT DESIGN SPESIFICATION (PDS)
Its aim is to ensure that the subsequent design and development of a product meets the
needs of the user.
Product design specification is one of the elements of product lifecycle management.
The PDS acts as an initial boundary in the development of products.
Is a structured description of the purpose, functions, characteristics and other kinds of
information that describe the design problem.
Proper PDS is the essential first step in any design process, because a good design will
define a product that satisfies all the objectives of the project.
Product Design Product Design Product Design Product Design
Specifications Specifications Specifications Functional
Customer Needs Engineering Specs Design Specifications
The winch drive should cut out when the load exceeds 10% of the specified load.
Design Brief
Drive to stop lowering load when only 1.5 metres of cable remains on winch drum.
From internal market research, it has
been decided that IWC need to design
a general purpose winch to sell to the Environment
cable and pipe laying market sector. The winch drive and power unit should be power unit.
The winch should be portable but have The unit will be mainly used in European weather conditions. But we could expect sales of
mounting points for the end user. It is about 2% unit volume to the Far East.
out current range of 'Excel General -28 degree C European, 12 - 44 degree C - Far East
Purpose winches'. The product may experience humid conditions, corrosion , noise
Life in Service
Should withstand an operating period of 1 hr uninterrupted use per day for 5 years.
ASSIGNMENT #1
Find a product, identify the PDS shown on the product pamphlet/manual/box for
at least 15 categories.
Attached together the photocopy of product
MATERIAL SELECTION
Determines the reliability of the Physical properties include:
design in terms of industrial and Color, Size , Shape, Density, Electric, Thermal,
economical aspects. Conductivity