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1. Chart
2. R Chart
3. p Chart
4. c Chart
Chart
The most common control chart
Designed to monitor a single measurable
variable, such as weight or length
R Chart
Designed to determine when a shift in
the process variation has occurred.
The symbol R stands for range
p Chart
A control chart for attributes
When using p chart, items are classified
as either acceptable or not
It utilizes the normal approximation of
the binomial distribution and may be
used when subgroups are of equal or of
varying sizes.
c Chart
Used to monitor the number of
defectives in a unit of production
The parameter c is the average number
or rate of defects per unit of production.
It is based on the Poisson distribution,
and the control limits are derived using
the normal approximation to the Poisson.
Economic Design of Control Charts
Statistical quality control requires
several steps, each of which incurs a
different cost
1. Cost of inspecting the items
2. If an out-of-control situation is
detected
3. The process continues to operate
in an out-of-control state
Acceptance Sampling
1. Cost
2. Control
3. Fashion
Benchmarking Quality
1. Product benchmarking
2. Functional or process benchmarking
3. Best practices benchmarking
4. Strategic benchmarking
Product Benchmarking
1. System design
2. Parameter design
3. Tolerance design
System Design