Presentation on Pumps

By
G.MURALIKRISHNA
EE(E) BSNL ED-1
An Overview
Types of Pumps
Features of various Pumps
Selection of pumps
Performance Calculation
Flow control strategies
Energy saving measures in Pumps
Types of Pumps
Dynamic Pumps
Centrifugal
Special effect pumps
Displacement Pumps
Rotary
Reciprocating
Order of Preference
Centrifugal
Rotary
Reciprocating
Pumps Used in Building Services
Sump Pumps
Monobloc
Bore well Pumps
Submersible Pumps
Jet Pumps
Centrifugal Pumps
Very simple design
Two main parts are the impeller and the
diffuser
Impellers
Bronze
poly carbonate
cast iron
stainless steel
Pressure developed by the Pump
depends upon
Impeller dia
No.of impellers
size of the impeller eye
shaft speed
Size of the pump
Depends on
Head
Capacity
Advantages of centrifugal Pump
Very efficient
Produce smooth and even flow
Reliable with good service life
Disadvantages
Loss of priming easily
Efficiency depends upon operating design
head & speed.
Submersible Pumps
Centrifugal pump closely coupled with
motor
Does not require long drive shaft
Motor operates at a cooler temperature.
Noiseless operation.
High efficiency
Smooth and even flow
In case of repair full pump to be removed.
Jet Pumps
Combination of a surface centrifugal pump,
nozzle and venturi arrangement.
Used in small dia bore wells.
Simple design
Low purchase and maintenance cost.
Easy accessibility to all moving parts.
Low efficiency.
DSM measures to reduce
consumption in pumps
Demand side management measures
Use of friction less foot valve.
Use of HDPE pipes
Use of appropriate capacitor.
Use of higher size suction pipe compared to
delivery pipe.
Pump Performance calculation
Overall Efficiency = Hydraulic power ( P2) X
100/ Power input ( P1)
Pump efficiency. = Hydraulic power ( P2) X
100/ Power input to pump shaft ( P3)
Hydraulic Power ( P2) = Q X Total Head ( hd -
hs ) X p X g / 1000
Q = discharge in m/s
 p = density of fluid in kg/ m
g = acceleration due to gravity ( m/s)
P1 = 1.732 X V X I X pf
P3 = P1 X eff.of motor.
Key Parameter for determining
efficiency
Flow
Head
Power
Flow Measurement Techniques
Tracer Method
Ultrasonic flow measurement
Tank filling method
Installation of online flow meter
 Determination of total head
Suction head
measured from pump inlet pressure gauge
reading
Discharge head
This is taken from the pump discharge side Pr.
gauge
Typical name plate details of
pump
Pumps: (Monoblock Pumps used for
Drinking water)
Sl.No ITEM Pump1 Pump2
1 Make Beacon Beacon
2 Capa hp/kW 5 (3.7) 5 (3.7)
3 Pipe sizes S/D 65/50 mm 65/50 mm
4 Head 25 m 25 m
Typical name plate details of
pump
5 Discharge 8 L/s 8 L/s
6 Amps 8 8
7Overall Efficiency 47% 47 %
Typical performance
calculations
PUMP EFFICIENCY CALCULATION
SHEET
SL.NO. ITEM Pump1 Pump2 Units
1 Voltage 406 407 volts
2 Current 6.0 6.6 amps

3 P.F 0.83 0.82

4 Power input 3.5 3.48 KW
Typical performance
calculations
5 Dis. Head 22.2 22.2 m
6 Suc.Head 2.2 2.2 m
7 discharge 8 8 L/s
8 Hyd.Power 1.57 1.57 KW
9 Pump Effi. 44.85 45.10
Typical observations/
Recommendations

1. Replace the existing discharge line with

the 50 mm dia pipes to reduce the friction
losses.
2. Provide water level switch to switch off
the pump sets as soon as the Tank is filled.
3. Replace the existing pump sets with
high efficiency pump sets.
Factors to be considered from
user side
Size pump correctly
Operate close to the best efficiency point.
Size all piping and valves correctly
Avoid all leakages.
Flow control Strategies
Varying speed
Pumps in parallel
stop/start control
Flow control valve
By pass control valve
Trimming impeller
Use of VFDS
Energy conservation
opportunities in pumping
Operate pump near best efficiency point.
Replace old pumps by energy efficient
pumps
Reduce system resistance by pressure
drop assessment and pipe size
optimization.
Provide booster pump for few areas of
higher head.
Energy conservation
opportunities in pumping

Conduct water balance to minimize water

consumption.
Ensure availability of instruments like
pressure gauges, flow meters.
Repair seals and packing to minimize water
loss.
Avoid valves in discharge side as far as
possible.
Operate pumpset during non-peak hours.
Thank You