DENGUE

Definition:
It is a disease caused by a virus of the genus
flavivirus.

DENGUE HEMORRHAGIC FEVER is an acute

infectious disease manifested initially with
fever.
Transmission:
A person can become infected by
being bitten by a female Aedes
aegypti mosquito that is infected by a
virus.

Aedes aegypti, the transmitter of the

disease, is a day-biting mosquito
which lays eggs in clear and stagnant
water found in flower vases, cans,
rain barrels, old rubber tires, etc.

The adult mosquitoes rest in dark

places of the house.
Signs and Symptoms:
Sudden onset of high fever which may last
2 to 7 days.

Joint & muscle pain and pain behind the

eyes.
Weakness

Skin rashes - maculopapular rash or red

tiny spots on the skin called petechiae

Nosebleeding when fever starts to

subside

Abdominal pain

Vomiting of coffee-colored matter

Dark-colored stools
Danger signs of Dengue:
Spontaneous bleeding
Persistent vomiting
Cold, clammy skin
Listlessness
Weak, rapid pulse
Difficulty of breathing
Treatment:
There is no vaccine yet against dengue.
Do NOT give aspirin for fever. Give sufficient
amount of water or rehydrate a dengue
suspect.
If fever or symptoms persist for 2 or more days
bring the patient to the nearest hospital.
Prevention and Control:
Cover water drums and water pails at all times to
prevent mosquitoes from breeding.
Replace water in flower vases once a week.
Clean all water containers once a week. Scrub the sides
well to remove eggs of mosquitoes sticking to the
sides.
Clean gutters of leaves and debris so that rain water
will not collect as breeding places of mosquitoes.
Old tires used as roof support should be punctured or
cut to avoid accumulation of water.
Collect and dispose all unusable tin cans, jars, bottles
and other items that can collect and hold water.
Prevention and Control:
Fogging is used to kill adult mosquitoes
infected with the virus to immediately stop
transmission. It is recommended as a
preventive measure as it will be very costly to
do fogging every seven days. It will not kill the
larvae of the mosquitoes which become adults
in 7-8 days.
Four-o'clock Habit (4 oclock habit):
It is an initiative of the Philippine government
that requests residents to practice the
cleaning of their surroundings and draining
water containers to prevent the spread of
mosquitoes, in support of the Dengue Control
Program and the Malaria Control Program.
This is also known as operation kayakulub
(upside down).
DALAW BARANGAY NI DUQUE VS,
DENGUE
Health Secretary Francisco T. Duque III on
Tuesday said, "The Department of Health is
now into an aggressive year-round, all-out war
against dengue as more cases are expected
this year than the previous year.
Duque also urged the residents of Payatas B to
strictly follow the 4-S campaign of the DOH
against dengue. (1 July 2009, Payatas B,
Quezon City)
HEALTH INDICATORS
 MORBIDITY: TEN (10) LEADING CAUSES
Number and Rate /100,000 Population, Philippines
5-Year Average (2000-2004) & 2005

5 Year Average (2000-

2005*
CAUSE 2004)
No. Rate No. Rate
1. Acute Lower RTI and
694,209 884.6 690,566 809.9
Pneumonia
2. Bronchitis/ Bronchiolitis 669,800 854.7 616,041 722.5

3. Acute Watery Diarrhea 726,211 928.3 603,287 707.6

4. Influenza 459,624 587.0 406,237 476.5
5. Hypertension 314,175 400.5 382,662 448.8
6. TB Respiratory 109,369 139.7 114,360 134.1
7. Diseases of the Heart 43,945 56.2 43,898 51.5
8. Malaria 35,970 46.1 36,090 42.3
9. Chickenpox 79,236 41.1 30,063 35.3
10. Dengue Fever 15,383 19.6 20,107 23.6
 MORBIDITY
MORBIDITY: TEN LEADING CAUSES BY SEX
No. & Rate/100,000 Population
PHILIPPINES, 2004
MALE FEMALE BOTH SEXES
AUSE
Rate** Rate** Number Rate*

1. Acute Lower RTI and Pneumonia 888.8 868.0 776,562 929.4

2. Bronchitis/ Bronchiolitis 651.8 817.1 719,982 861.6

3. Acute Watery Diarrhea 668.5 651.5 577,118 690.7
4. Influenza 400.7 444.6 379,910 454.7
5. Hypertension 338.2 442.1 342,284 409.6
6. TB Respiratory 137.7 93.9 103,214 123.5
7. Chickenpox 51.5 56.2 46,779 56.0
8. Diseases of the Heart 38.5 45.1 37,092 44.4
9. Malaria 24.0 20.0 19,894 23.8
10. Dengue Fever 17.8 17.1 15,838 19.0
DOH VS. DENGUE
DUQUE LAUNCHES NATIONWIDE ANTI-
DENGUE CAMPAIGN
Press Release/3 June 2009
Health Secretary Francisco Duque today launched the
governments nationwide anti-dengue campaign in
Tondo, Manila dubbed as, Ako, Ikaw, Tayong Lahat
Laban sa Dengue.
We are heartened by the heroic efforts of all those
who worked hard so that there is a big 57.4% decrease
in the number of dengue cases compared to the same
period last year, Duque revealed, adding that even the
case fatality rate has lowered to .9% compared to the
1% recorded in the same period.
DUQUE LAUNCHES NATIONWIDE ANTI-
DENGUE CAMPAIGN
Duque disclosed that the first five months this year already
showed a steady decrease in the number of cases. Data
showed that from January to May 9, there were only 6,537
cases recorded with 62 deaths; the previous years (same
period) figure was 15,334 cases with 163 deaths.

Duque cited the role of the local chief executives in

spearheading the campaign in their respective localities
against the dreaded disease.

With the 4S strategy that was widely disseminated in

communities and schools last year, people became more
aware how easy it was to prevent the spread of the
dengue-carrying mosquitoes, Duque said.
DUQUE LAUNCHES NATIONWIDE ANTI-
DENGUE CAMPAIGN
The 4S strategy against dengue involves Search and
Destroy, Self-protection, Seek early treatment, and Say no
to indiscriminate fogging.

He added that dengue is now an all-year round

phenomenon in the country due to climate change.

Duque also underscored diseases common during rainy

season called WILD diseases. These consist of waterborne
infectious diseases, influenza, leptospirosis, and dengue. He
added that these WILD diseases are easily preventable if
only people will follow the advisories issued by the health
department on television, radio, newspapers, and even on
the internet via the DOH website.
DUQUE LAUNCHES NATIONWIDE ANTI-
DENGUE CAMPAIGN
The most important key to prevent and control
diseases is empowering our people with
correct information so that they can take steps
to stop their transmission and limit the harm
that they bring through proper and timely
health-seeking behavior
 DENGUE UPDATE: 9
November 2007
The Department of Health (DOH) today
reported a total of 31,887 dengue cases
admitted at different sentinel hospitals
nationwide from January to October 20 this
year. This figure is 1.5% higher compared to
the same period last year.

The health chief reiterated that the most

effective ways to fight dengue are to search
and destroy the breeding sites of Aedes
Aegypti mosquitoes such as coconut husks
and empty bottles and tin cans, to wear
protective clothing to avoid mosquito bites, to
seek immediate treatment when symptoms
set in, and to stop indiscriminate fogging.
 DENGUE UPDATE: 9 November 2007
Meanwhile, according to the latest dengue update, the regions with
the highest number of cases were Western Visayas (18%), National
Capital Region (15%), Central Visayas (10%), CALABARZON (10%),
Southern Mindanao (10%), and Northern Mindanao (9%),
At the NCR, Quezon City had the most (1,325) number of cases,
followed by Manila (1,011); Kalookan (485); Pasig (302) and
Malabon (250).
Clustering of cases at the NCR was observed in Antipolo Street,
Parola compound, and North cemetery in Manila; Baesa, Bagbag,
Bago Bantay, Batasan, Commonwealth, Diliman, Galas, Gulod-
Novaliches, Holy Spirit, Manresa, Masambong, Nagkaisang Nayon,
North Fairview, Pag-asa, Project8, Payatas, Santol, Tandang Sora,
and V. Luna in Quezon City; Bagong Silang in Kalookan; Rizal in
Makati; Catmon, Longos, Tonsuya, and Tugatog in Malabon;
Addition Hills and Hulo in Mandaluyong; Concepcion, Malanday,
and Parang in Marikina.
 DENGUE UPDATE: 9 November 2007
Other areas with clustering of cases include Alabang,
Bayanan, Cupang, Putatan in Muntinlupa; Sucat in
Paraaque; Bagong Ilog, Manggahan, Maybunga, Palatiw,
Pinagbuhatan, Pineda, Rosario, and Santolan in Pasig;
Hagonoy, Signal Village, Tipas, and Western Bicutan in
Taguig; Dalandanan, Lawang Bato, Malinta, Marulas,
Palasan, Veinte Reales in Valenzuela.
The update also said that the ages of cases ranged from
less than a month to 92 years old. Majority (53%) of cases
were male. Seventy eight percent (78%) of the cases
belonged to the 1-20 years age group.
It further reported that there were 312 deaths recorded
from January to October 20.