Welcome to the ‘Achieving

Behavioural Change’ (ABC)

Course
Presented by:

NAME
Produced from original work
for:
The Department for Work Communication and
and Pensions (2003 to 2007)
This must be read in
Worker Engagement
conjunction with the Tutor
Notes
Training
 Welcome to the ‘Achieving
Behavioural Change’ (ABC)
Course
Presented by:

NAME
Produced from original work
for:
The Department for Work Communication and
and Pensions (2003 to 2007)
This must be read in
Worker Engagement
conjunction with the Tutor
Notes
Training
Administration

 Fire& First Aid Arrangements

 Refreshments / Meal Breaks
 Mobile Phones
 Smoking Policy
 Welfare Facilities

Working in Partnership
Ice Breaker

Introduce another person

 Company, job they do

 Experience – safety training?

 Something interesting, e.g......

– Claim to fame!
– Interests

Working in Partnership
Aim

 To enhance delegates existing training /

experience with an understanding of the
influence they as individuals have on health
& safety performance, as an integral part of
what we do.
 To develop a partnership in which all persons
involved with “xxx” projects will have an input
into achieving the goal of “ABC” through the
life of the project.
Working in Partnership
What is ABC?
‘Achieving Behavioural Change (ABC)’
– A determination and belief that no one should have to be
injured, or worse in the course of their work.
– The need of communication and worker engagement in
reporting near hits/misses, as a positive means of preventing
ill-health and severe accidents and incidents

Working in Partnership
Objectives
Following the course you will be able to:
 List the Legal Duties of Employers and Employees
 Define Hazards, Risks and Control Measures
 List Possible Causes of Accidents
 Appreciate the Link between Attitude, Behaviour, Consultation and
Cooperation (communication and worker engagement)
 Appreciate the Costs of Poor Safety Performance
 Appreciate the Benefits of Good Safety Performance and positives
of reporting near hits/ misses
 Put ‘ABC’ into Practice using the ‘STAARR’ & ‘TASK’ Card
 Successfully Complete the Course Assessment

Working in Partnership
Why Manage Health and Safety?

 Legal reasons

 Financial reasons

 Moral reasons

Working in Partnership
Legal Duties
Exercise 1 – Consequences of an Accident

 Inyour groups discuss and complete the

exercise as instructed on the form

Working in Partnership
Facts about Health & Safety

180
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0

Fatal & ill Health - Figures are for

Working in Partnership
years 1981 to 2006/2007
Health and Safety at Work?

 Not intended to stop work being done

 Intended to make those with duties Stop and Think
how it can be done safely
Health and Safety at Work Act 1974
 Provides good framework for H&S in workplaces
 Sets minimum standards
 Makes safety everyone's business

Working in Partnership
Exercise 2 – Legal Duties

 Inyour groups discuss and complete the

exercise as instructed on the form

Working in Partnership
Legal Duties
Employers

 Ensure health & safety of employees

 Ensure health & safety of others
 Provide safe systems and procedures
 Provide training, supervision etc.
 Provide safe workplace and equipment
 Provide welfare facilities and first aid cover
 Consultation with employees

Working in Partnership
Legal Duties
Employees

 Ensure your own health & safety

 Ensure health & safety of others
 Co-operate with your employer
 Don’t interfere with safety equipment etc.
 Report health & safety problems
 Use equipment safely as trained

Working in Partnership
Reasonably Practicable – 1

“It shall be the duty of every employer to

ensure,
so far as is reasonably practicable
the health, safety
and welfare at work
of all his/her employees”.

Working in Partnership
Reasonably Practicable – 2

•Cost of implementing V’s Risk

(Time, effort etc). High, Medium, Low
•Cost of maintaining. Extent of Risk
Elimination/Reduction
Working in Partnership
Penalties for getting it wrong – 1

 Magistrates Court
– Fine up to £20,000 and/or
– Prison 6 months
 Crown Court
– Fine £Unlimited and/or prison
– Example most recent: £15,000,000

Working in Partnership
Penalties for getting it wrong – 2

 Compensation – Insurance Excess

 Negligence

 Contributory Negligence

Working in Partnership
Hazard, Risk and Control
Exercise 3 – Health & Safety Problems

 Inyour groups discuss and complete the

exercise as instructed on the form

Working in Partnership
Foreseeable

 75% of Accidents  Behaviour

deemed Foreseeable. – Alertness
– Hazard Spotting
 If Foreseeable - Then  Reporting
Preventable! – Actual and Potential
 Attitude to Risk
– Workplace standards
– Unsafe Acts/Conditions
– Reporting of Near Hits/Misses
Working in Partnership
Accident Triangle – Positive Reporting

The With True Near

Industry Miss Reporting
& Behavioural Change

Fatals
Majors
3 Day+
First Aid
Near Hit-Misses

Working in Partnership
Definitions – 1

• Hazard
A hazard is something with the potential to cause harm.
• Risk
The risk is the likelihood of the harm occurring,during the work
coupled with the severity.
• Risk Assessment
Structured and systematic technique to identify
hazards,evaluate risks and prioritise actions.

Working in Partnership
Definitions – 2

• Method Statement
A documented logical description of a task.
• Risk Control
The measures taken to eliminate hazard or reduce
risk to an acceptable level.

Working in Partnership
Suitable Controls – ‘ERIC’ Principles

 Eliminate
 Reduce / Substitute (with lesser risk)
 Engineering controls
– (Isolation, Containment, Guarding) A combination
of some or all
 Safe systems of work
may be
– (Information, Instruction, Supervision, needed until
Training,) risk is
 Warning signage adequately
 PPE controlled
 Control Working in Partnership
What is a ‘STAAR’ / ‘TASK’ card?

A point of work assessment completed by you

 A tool which is intended to:
– Compliment the formal risk assessment
– Prompts and reminds us to:
– Consider our workplace
– Consider our activity
– Consider the potential for accidents
 You must carry your card at all times on site

Working in Partnership
 What is S.T.A.A.R.R.?
A tool asking individuals to:

Before commencing the task / job &

T
Think
hink Use the tool to help you

Assess Your controls

Act On Additional controls ?

R
Report
eport Problems encountered

Review Upon completion

Working in Partnership
 S.T.A.A.R.R.
How is it used / operated

Contractors staff issued with ‘STAARR’ card

Completedby individuals at the point of work, before
commence of the task.
Other contractors working in the area.
Other hazards introduced
Only one assessment need be completed in a group
All team members sign / initial appropriate section

Working in Partnership
 Operatives

View the following video clips then

Complete Part 2 of the “STAARR” tool
kit form “Point of Work Assessment”

Managers / Supervisors
Complete your group exercise entitled
“Motivating Safety Behaviour”
Working in Partnership
 Video Clip 1 Point of Work Assessment
Identify any hazards that have not been identified in formal risk assessment/method statement.

Slips, trips or falls on same level 1 1 Dusts 13

Falls from height 2
 Fumes 14
Falling / flying objects 3
 Noise 15
Chemicals / harmful substances 4 Vibration 16
Heat / fire / explosion 5 Electricity 17
Risk to plant 6 Contamination (loose, airborne) 18
Contact with stationary object 7 Poor lighting 19
Object overturning / collapsing 8 Temperature 20
Manual Handling 9 Adverse weather 21
KNI HT 2 T RAP

Stored energy or insecure load 10 Uncertified equip. (see supervisor) 22

Vehicle 11 Risk to others from your work 23 
Risk to you from others 12 
Other's (specify)

24
Introducing the ‘TASK’ Card

Think first
Act safe
Stop if hazardous
Keep safe

Working in Partnership
Causes of accidents
 Unplanned Events and Outcomes
Outcome
Death

Serious injury
Accident
Unplanned First aid injury
Event Plant/equip Damage

Near hit / miss

Incident
Hazard – Unsafe Act or Condition

Working in Partnership
Safe Behaviour

 Causes of accidents are:-

– Unsafe Acts
– Unsafe Conditions

People cause accidents!

NAPO
Working in Partnership
Exercise 4A – Unsafe Acts

 Inyour groups discuss and complete the

exercise as instructed on the form

Working in Partnership
Unsafe Acts

 Standing on top step of step ladders

 Removing guards from machines
 Leaving materials on floor of a corridor
 Blocking a doorway or escape route
 Not wearing correct PPE
 Putting chemicals in unmarked containers
 Using machines or tools without training

Working in Partnership
Exercise 4B – Unsafe Conditions

 Inyour groups discuss and complete the

exercise as instructed on the form

Working in Partnership
Unsafe Conditions

 Unstable or dangerous working platform

 Dangerous machinery
 Materials and trip hazards on floor
 Blocked access routes and exits
 Excessive noise levels, or dust in air etc.
 Overcrowding
 External factors such as weather etc.

Working in Partnership
Causes of Unsafe Acts and/or Conditions

 Lack of:-  Cost:-

– Experience – Time
– Training – Equipment
 Poor Supervision  Personal Pressures:-
 Laziness – Your team playing
tonight?
 Distractions
– Problems at home
 Pressures:-  Human Errors
– Peers
– Forgetfulness
– Management

Working in Partnership
Chain of events
Lack of Control


Unsafe Acts
Unsafe Conditions
Accident
Consequences

Working in Partnership
Exercise 5 – Costs of Accidents

 Inyour groups discuss and complete the

exercise as instructed on the form

Working in Partnership
Business costs:

 Losttime
 Damaged equipment and materials
 Loss of contracts
 Loss of expertise
 Higher insurance premiums
 Damaged reputation
 Fines, Compensation Claims etc.

Working in Partnership
Human Cost of Accidents

 Physical injury or ill health

 Pain and suffering
 Loss of earnings
 Treatment / medication costs
 Temporary or permanent inability to enjoy pastime
activities / hobbies and possible
 Change of Job
 Change of Lifestyle
 Stress to family/friends

Working in Partnership
Cost of Accidents

 Ian wasn’t killed

in a building site
accident
 He just lost his
life…

VIDEO
Working in Partnership
Attitude and Behaviour
Reminder: Causes of Unsafe Acts/Conditions

 Lack of:-  Cost:-

– Experience – Time
– Training – Equipment
 Poor Supervision  Personal Pressures:-
 Laziness – Your team playing
tonight?
 Distractions
– Problems at home
 Pressures:-  Human Errors
– Peers
– Forgetfulness
– Management
NAPO Working in Partnership
Results of behaviour

Safe Attitude
Physical actions
Effect on self
Effect on others
Safe Outcome
Working in Partnership
Results of Behaviour

Unsafe
 Attitude
Safe Attitude
Physical actions
Effect on self
Effect on others
Unsafe
Safe Outcome
Outcome
Working in Partnership
Experience and Attitude

 Experience shapes our attitudes

NAPO

Working in Partnership
Experience and Behaviour

Take a short cut

Nothing Accident/Injury

You were lucky You learned the hard way

You will do it the same way again Next time do it differently

(Habit) (Correct way)

HOW LONG WILL LUCK LAST? WILL YOU GET A NEXT TIME?

Working in Partnership
What else influences attitudes?

 Previous experience
 Other’s opinions
 Knowledge
 Training
 Perception

Working in Partnership
Motivation for Safe Behaviour

Definition:

The enthusiasm for doing something continually

safely

Working in Partnership
Exercise 6 – Motivation for Safe Behaviour

 Inyour groups discuss and complete the

exercise as instructed on the form

Working in Partnership
Motivation for Safe Behaviour

 Reward:  Provision of:

– Financial bonus – Training
– Promotion – Good Working Environment
– Extra responsibility – Welfare Facilities
– Incentive schemes
 Explanation
of Ultimate
 Active Encouragement of Consequences
Involvement in:
– Decisions on Consultation
 Consistent/Controlled
– Risk Assessments
– Safe Systems of Work Discipline
Working in Partnership
How to Motivate for Safe Behaviour

 Effective clear and timely communication

 Co-operation and Co-ordination
 Selection of Competent Persons
 Sharing Ownership
 Providing Leadership
 Never ignoring safety problems
 Not allowing pressures or other priorities to
influence them to condone deviations or short cuts
 Being polite
 Praising safe performance Working in Partnership
Safety Culture

“The way we do things around here”

Working in Partnership
Benefits of getting it right
Exercise 7 – Benefits

 Inyour groups discuss and complete the

exercise as instructed on the form

Working in Partnership
Benefits of ‘ABC’:

 Safe working environment

 Healthy working environment
 Better lifestyle – less stress
 Savings in time and money
 A good reputation
 Consistent safe working

Working in Partnership
Achieving the ‘ABC’ Goal
Achieving the ‘ABC’ Goal:

 Understand your legal responsibilities

 Change of attitudes
 Influence behaviour – report near hits/misses and
ensure lessons are learnt
 Identify possible hazards
 Eliminate or control hazards
 Realisation of benefits
 Communicate with others
 Practice what you preach

Working in Partnership
Achieving the ‘ABC’ Goal
Employers’ Actions

– Induction – Appropriate Supervision

– Continuous Training
– Refreshers
– Good Working Environment
Sufficient well maintained
–
equipment
– Safe Systems of Work
– Good Communication
– Consultation
– Regular Team Briefings
– Safety Meetings
– Tool Box Talks
– Resources

Working in Partnership
Achieving the ‘ABC’ Goal
Employees Actions
 Site Rules:-
– Understand & follow them
 Induction/Toolbox Talks:-
– Listen and ask questions
 Comply with SSoW
 Report problems and watch out for Hazards
 Check equipment and tags
 Communicate with others
 Set a personal example of safe behaviour
 IF IN ANY DOUBT – ASK – Remember yours is a dynamic
changing environment

Working in Partnership
Forgetfulness?

 What can we use to prevent this?

A tool designed to help prevention of error

– the ‘STAAR’ / ‘TASK’ card

Working in Partnership
How is ‘STAARR’ & ‘TASK’ Used and
Operated

 Completed by individuals at point of task

– Before commencement of the job
 Checked / updated when task / workplace
changes
– Other contractors move into working area
– Other hazards introduced
 Only one assessment needed in a group
– All team members sign/initial appropriate section

Working in Partnership
Task Use and Operation

 Only needs to identify problems not in original Risk

Assessment
 For each hazard identified and ticked there must be
an appropriate control
 Control measures if...
– Complex or
– In doubt or
– Group cannot agree
 Must consult management before continuing

Working in Partnership
Exercise 8 – Use of ‘STAAR’ / TASK’ card

 In groups, complete each exercise as

instructed on the form.

VIDEO
Working in Partnership
Contact Hotline

 Dedicated
telephone number – xxx will
be answered between 0900-1700hrs
Monday to Friday

 After hours – Answer service only

Working in Partnership
Contact Hotline

 Report Received
 Form sent to EHS
 Investigated immediately by appointed EHS and
depending upon severity no later than within 5
working days
 Response sent back to the office
 Conclusion to be posted onto site notice boards or
as appropriate for nature of complaint

Working in Partnership
DWP Hotline – Questions Asked

 Name (optional anonymity will be respected)

 Site
 Name of Contractor
 Sub-Contractor if applicable
 Date of Health & Safety Issue
 Nature of Health & Safety Issue
 Injury or property damage
 Management response
 Would you like a response to this issue?

Working in Partnership
Summary

 Legal Duties - Employer & Employee

 Hazard, Risk and Control
 Causes of Accidents
 Attitude, Behaviour – Communication & Worker
Engagement
 Benefits of Getting in Right – Problem & Solution
Solving
 Achieving the ‘ABC’ Goal
 Integral to what we should be doing!

Working in Partnership
Course test

Working in Partnership
‘We hope you enjoyed and benefited
from participating in this course’.

Have a Safe
Journey Home