I lived in South Africa for 2 years.

Use the simple past for an action that

happened in the past and is:
over,
done,
finished
!
 The past form for all regular verbs ends in

..ed/ or ..d: e.g. worked/loved.

For short verbs with only one syllable, as the consonant is doubled i.e stopped,
planned.

Verbs ending in a consonant + y, change to ied e.g. carried/studied.

The past form for irregular verbs needs to be learned by heart.

Present Perfect

I have/Ive lived in Argentona for 1 year.

An action that happened/started in the

past, and . . .
is still true today, it has a result in the present
 S + have/has + past participle

Affirmative

I / You / We / They +HAVE + Past Participle

I/you/we/they have (theyve) gone.

He / She / It + HAS + Past Participle

He/she/it has (its) gone.
 S + have/has + not + past participle

Negative

I / You / We / They +HAVENT + Past Participle

I/you/we/they have not gone.

He / She / It + HASNT + Past Participle

He/she/it hasnt gone.

 have/has + S + past participle

Interrogative

HAVE + I / YOU / WE / THEY + Past Participle?

Have I/you/we/they gone?

HAS + HE /SHE /IT + Past Participle ?

Has he/she/it gone?

SHORT ANSWERS

Yes, I have. / No, I havent.

Yes, he has. / No, he hasnt.

We use the present perfect with today and phrases with
this e.g. this morning, this week, this year.

I have been here since this morning.

We've done
quite a good
job today.
 No, I
Have you havent.
ever been And you?
to
London?
Have I told you lately
that I love you?
 Just
With just to express the action finished a short time ago

We have just come back from our holiday.

With already meaning sooner than expected.

Ive already
finished my
dinner.
 We use yet in negative sentences and questions

when we expect something to happen

Sorry, Nick. I
havent finished the
homework yet.
 We use for to say how long this period is (for three days).

We use since to say when the period began (since Friday).

Me, too. I havent

grabbed a bite since
Thanks. I havent
Friday.
eaten anything
for three days.
We use NEVER as: NOT AT ANY TIME in the past, including now.

I have never seen such a beautiful sunset.

We use EVER as: at any time, including the present
(only in questions)

Have you ever ridden a horse?

 The present perfect
The simple past connects
the past and the present. It
always is used to show
refers to an action or that an action or situation in
situation that is the past:
continues today
finished. OR
might happen again
 Time markers

Use the simple past with time

Use the present perfect
words like:
with time words like:
yesterday
last Saturday, week,
recently/lately
month, year, etc.
since
_______ ago
so far this week, month, year,
when I was
etc.
in 1990 (past date)
 Choose the simple past or present perfect and talk about why
each is necessary.

1. When I was a child, I ________ (swim) a lot.

When I was a child, I swam a lot.
2. So far this week, we ________ (study) a lot.
So far this week, we have studied a lot.
3. Theo __________ (be) very sick recently.
Theo has been very sick recently.
4. I _________ (have) a terrible headache yesterday.
I had a terrible headache yesterday.
5. It ________ (rain) a lot lately.
It has rained a lot lately.
6. They _______ (get) married ten years ago.
They got married ten years ago.
7. I ________ (be) to Balboa Park many times.
I have been to Balboa Park many times. (possibly again in the future)
8. My family ________ (take) a vacation last year.
My family took a vacation last year.