Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
Introduction to Research
1
SCOPE OF PRESENTATION
WHAT
HOW
2
A process through which new
knowledge is discovered.
What is
research?
A systematic and organized
effort to investigate a specific
problem.
Sekaran, Uma (1992)
3
WHY RESEARCH?
To find solution
To gain knowledge to a particular
problem
1 2
3 4
To understand To explain what is
why something is likely to happen
happening next.
Siti Uzairah, (2016)
4
HOW?
5
WHO?
Researcher
NGO Individual
Student
6
CLASSIFICATION OF RESEARCHES
Qualitative Research
Quantitative Research
Subjective
Objective
Flexible
Survey
Holistic Approach
Hypothesis testing
Opinion, feelings &
Fixed
experiences
7
Types of
Research
Basic/Pure/
Fundamental Applied Research
Research
To improve To solve an
understanding existing problem
To generate
knowledge
To build theories
8
Scientific Research
(Sekaran)
9
High Quality Researches
(Salkind)
Reconsidering Formulating
the theory a hypothesis
Working Collecting
with the relevant
hypothesis Testing the information
hypothesis
11
Asking the Question
(Identifying a Need)
1st and most important step
broad
Imagination
& Questions
experience
specific
12
Identifying Important Factors
Select factors that:
Have not been investigated before.
Contribute to the understanding of the
question.
Available to investigate.
Hold some interest, personally or
professionally.
Lead to another question.
13
Formulating a Hypothesis
A hypothesis is:
Objective extension of the original question.
Statement that expresses relationships
between variables as an Ifthen
statements.
Poses a question in a testable form.
Posits clear relationship between factors.
Test Hypotheses, not to Prove them.
14
Working With the Hypothesis
Factors considered were
confirm important and related.
16
THANK YOU
17
End of
Introduction to
Research
18