UNIT 3

3A MODERN MANNERS
GRAMMAR:
MUST / HAVE TO / SHOULD
 OBLIGATION/NECESSITY
HAVE TO / MUST + INFINITIVE
Never!!! Must TO
They have similar meanings but
- Have to is more common for general, external
obligations (rules, laws): I have to wear a uniform at
school
*Have is a normal verb and can appear in all tenses
- Must is more common for specific or personal
obligations: I must buy a new car
*Must is an auxiliary verb, the only forms are
must/mustnt
- Have to and must can be used for strong
recommendations: You have to/must go Its the best
amusement park Ive ever been!
 FILL IN THE GAPS WITH THE APPROPRIATE FORM OF
have to / must

1. You _______ wear a seat belt in a car.

2. ____ you ____ to work on Sundays?
3. Last year, I ______ wear a uniform at my
kindergarten.
4. I _____ remember to phone Emily its her
birthday.
5. You _____ on time for the test tomorrow.
6. We _____ stay at home, it is pouring outside.
 LACK OF OBLIGATION/NECESSITY
DONT HAVE TO + INFINITIVE
We use have to to show no obligation, You dont
have to repeat your exam, because mustnt
expresses
PROHIBITION
MUSTNT + INFINITIVE
You mustnt eat that cake its for the party.
You mustnt touch that. Its dangerous.
*Sometimes, we can use cant/not allowed to instead:
You mustnt park here/You cant park here/Youre not
allowed to park here.
 FILL IN THE GAPS WITH THE APPROPRIATE FORM OF
dont have to / mustnt

1. You ______ drive along this street, its

prohibited.
2. You _______ drive, we can go walking.
3. He _______ come, we can deal with it.
4. He _______ come, he has been expelled.
5. No, you will _________ stay here next year.
 ADVICE, OPINION
SHOULD/SHOULDNT + INFINITIVE
OUGHT (NOT) TO + INFINITIVE (FORMAL)
We use should (and ought to) to express our
opinion about what is right or wrong
You look tired, you should go to bed
He should sleep more, he is always tired
- It is usually related to social manners
You shouldnt yawn in the middle of the class
*Should is a modal verb, the only forms are
should/shouldnt
 SUMMARY
MUST MUSTNT HAVE TO DONT HAVE TO
Personal obligation Prohibition General obligation - No need
PRESENT TENSE PRESENT TENSE (law) - ALL TENSES
ALL TENSES (had to, Remember:
will have to) dont/doesnt have
You must attend to You mustnt use He had to switch If he arrives soon,
the conference your mobile here off his cell phone you wont have to
stay with the baby

SHOULD Give advice & Manners

SHOULDNT PRESENT TENSE

OUGTH TO You should greet people with a smile

OUGHTNT TO
GRAMMAR BANK, pg. 135, 3A
GRAMMAR BANK, pg. 135, 3A
 HOMEWORK
BOOK:
PAGE 37, 3 PRONUNCIATION AND SPEAKING
(mainly 3.b, 3.c: manners or the law?)
NOW, LETS SPEAK A LITTLE BIT