Intelligent - Building Management System

Features, Trends & Characteristics

Bayu Prasidha

GBCI - Workshop
27 February 2016
What is Building Management System (BMS) ?

Building Management System (BMS) is a computer based control

system installed in buildings that controls and monitors the buildings
mechanical and electrical equipment such as air handling and cooling
plant systems, lighting, power systems, fire systems, and security
systems and others Facility/Equipment in building.

Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia

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What is Building Management System (BMS) ?

Building Management System (BMS) Building Management System includes:

HVAC System control & monitoring

Electrical System control & monitoring
Clean Water System control & monitoring
Waste Water System control & monitoring
Lighting and curtain control & monitoring
Consumption measurements of water, electricity and cooling/heating energy
Environment Monitoring
Access control / Security System
Video monitoring system
Fire System Monitoring
Emergency Lightings & Battery Monitoring
Elevator/Escalator Monitoring
Others Equipment/Facility/system in Building

With three basic functions : Monitoring, Controlling, Optimizing

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Integrated system in a building

Interoperability and openness

System Integration to third party systems

HVAC control
Efficient & Productive
Lighting control Measure and control energy, automate, provide
relevant diagnosis
Energy monitoring & control Manage processes
Make all the utilities of any infrastructure more
Energy visibility
efficient
Critical power & cooling

IT data

Electrical distribution

Access control

Video surveillance

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System vision

BMS

Multiple silo systems Integrated Solution

System to System interoperability
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Lifecycle for Energy Efficiency

Measure &
analyze

Passive Energy Efficiency Active Energy Efficiency

Energy action

Optimise through
Monitor &
Fix the basics automation &
Building Management System
regulation
improve

Monitoring Solutions
Power quality solutions, Energy Meters
ex : capacitor, LED lamps Load control, Power Quality Meters
Lighting control Contracts:
Motor control Operational
Technical
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How Does BMS Work?
Make multiple systems work together seamlessly

A typical BMS consists of:

System Interface - an application for the user allowing interaction with the system.

Master controllers to manage system functions and data flow

Field controllers to monitor input signals and deliver output signals in response to
logic calculations

Field sensors that send signals to controllers

Controlled devices that receive signals from controllers.

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BMS Basics
The basic control system is made up of a sensor, a controller and a
controlled device.

Sensor Controller Controlled Device

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Sensors
A sensor sends a signal to the controller

The signal can be analog or digital.

A sensor sends an analog signal input (AI) if it modulates or varies,

such as a temperature sensor.

If a sensor produces an on or an off signal it is a digital input (DI),

such as a fan status.

Sensor Controller Controlled Device

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Controllers
The controller is a microprocessor that

Reads signals (AI or DI) from attached sensors

Processes the signal data
Sends an output signal (AO or DO) to an attached controlled device

A logic program that runs in the controller accomplishes this

process

Sensor Controller Controlled Device

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Controlled Device
A controlled device receives a control signal from the
controller

The signal can be analog or digital

If the controlled device uses the signal to allow more or less flow of the
controlling medium, such as hot water or air, it is receiving an analog
signal (AO) from the controller.

If the controlled device is a piece of equipment such as a pump or fan, it

requires a digital signal (DO) from the controller.
Sensor Controller Controlled Device

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BMS Architecture

Server / Workstations

Master Controllers (Automation Server)

Field Bus Controllers (I/O Modules)

Sensors

Controlled Devices

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BMS Architecture
Server / Workstations
Engineer the BMS system
Configure
Program
Modify
Operate the BMS system
Control
Monitoring
Alarm handling
Trending
Scheduling
Long term data storage
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BMS Architecture Server / Workstation

Ethernet

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BMS Architecture
Master Controllers (Automation Server)

Manage data flow

Monitor multiple processes

Gather data
Apply logic
Distribute results

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BMS Architecture Server / Workstation

Ethernet

Master
Controller

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BMS Architecture
Field Bus Controllers (I/O Modules)

Monitor signals from input sensors (AI or DI)

Applies logic based on programmed algorithms

Send signals to controlled devices (AO or DO)

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BMS Architecture Server / Workstation

Ethernet

Master
Controller

Field Bus

Field Bus
Controller

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BMS Architecture
Sensors

Measures a controlled variable

such as:

Temperature
Pressure
Humidity

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BMS Architecture Server / Workstation

Ethernet

Master
Controller

Field Bus
Sensor

Field Bus
Controller

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BMS Architecture
Controlled Devices

Responds to a signal (AO or DO)

from the controller to return
controlled variable to a desired
value

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BMS Architecture Server / Workstation

Ethernet

Master
Controller

Field Bus
Sensor

Controlled
Field Bus Device
Controller

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Control & Monitoring Points

Digital input (DI) point

Examples: fan status (on/off), dirty filter
Digital output (DO) point
Examples: start/stop fan or pump, open/close
damper
Analog input (AI) point
Examples: temperature, pressure, airflow
Analog output (AO) point
Examples: control valve or damper position,
temperature setpoint

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Basic Control Loop

discharge-air
temperature sensor

airflow

controller
valve
chilled
water
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BMS Field controllers and
devices
Field Devices
Sensors
Thermostats
Relays
Valves and
actuators
Lighting control
Power Metering
Energy metering
Flowmeter
Variable speed
drives

Field Controllers
BACNet Controller
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Lonwork Controller
25
BMS - TCP/IP Architecture

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 High Level Interfacing BMS
Supervision

TCP/IP

Field Bus Devices TCP/IP Devices

Fire & Smoke Field Bus Fire & Smoke TCP/IP

Alarm Alarm
Protocols Protocols
Field
ModBus RTU ModBus IP
Chiller TCP/IP Chiller
Bus Lonwork Lonwork IP
Controller BacNet MSTP BacNet IP
CRAC CRAC
Web Services
Transformer
UPS & Battery UPS & Battery

Boiler Access Control

Rectifier Rectifier
System

VSD
Power Meter Power Meter CCTV

Generator VRV System Generator Data Center

Management

Electrical VAV Controller Electrical Energy

Devices Devices Management
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 High Level Interface
Architecture

BACnet/IP
TCP/IP Modbus/IP

Modbus IP
VRV BacNet IP Power Meter
Gateway
LONWorks

Modbus
BACnet
MS/TP
FT-10A

Thermostst RTU Power

Meter

Thermostat
Power
Meter
Variable Speed
Drive
VAV
Controller

Chiller Breaker

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BMS - TCP/IP Architecture

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Environment Monitoring

TCP/IP

Supervision

BMS
Temperature

Humidity
controller

Pressure

Light Intensity

CO2 & CO

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Consumption Measurement

TCP/IP

Supervision

BMS
Raw Water

Electricity
controller

Natural Gas

Cooling Water

Heating Water

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HVAC Control
cooling VAV terminal
tower units

VAV air
handler

exhaust fan
water-cooled pumps
chiller
TCP/IP

Controller
boiler
BMS
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Air Handler Control
relief fan
indoor-
pressure
sensor

outdoor- return-air damper discharge-air

pressure supply fan temperature sensor
sensor

duct static-
outdoor-air mixed-air valve pressure sensor
damper temperature
sensor

outdoor-air Controller
temperature sensor

BMS
TCP/IP
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Chiller Plant Control
Chiller Sequencing
BMS
Chiller Rotation
Failure Recovery TCP/IP
Optimize system efficiency

chiller-
plant
controlle
r

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Constant-Volume,
Variable-Temperature System
Control

supply cooling OA
fan coil
BMS

SA
Thermostat RA
TCP/IP

space
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 Variable Air Volume System
Control
EA
RA

OA PA

central VAV
air handler box

BMS thermostat
SA
TCP/IP

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Fan Coil control
TCP/IP
BMS
LCD Room Controller

w/ PIR motion sensor

Fan coil

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Basic and advanced lighting
Control
Basic lighting Daylight harvesting
TCP/IP
BMS

Controller Controller

Connection to
Modbus lighting
panel or wired
Office single load, contacts Light Dimming
sensor relay
common areas and
outdoor lighting Relay

Occupancy
sensor
Wired and/or
wireless lighting
Relays for
control
motorized
blinds & smart
Switch windows

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Clean Water System TCP/IP
BMS

Water System
Controller

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Waste Water System TCP/IP
BMS

Waste Water
System Controller

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Fire Fighting System TCP/IP
BMS

Fire Fighting
System
Controller

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Electrical Distribution
Monitoring BMS
TCP/IP

White space"
Bypass
STS IT-featured

switchboard
switchboard
UPS
Electrical UPS Busbar
System distribution
controller (n+1)
MV switchboard

Racks &
Security
Rack PDU

Fire

LV
LV

HVAC IT
Structured
cabling

Main
Main

Lighting
Racks
P
Offices D
U
Security CRAC/in-row
cooling

~ Tech. room
Raised
floor IT room

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Integration with Other System
Fire & Life Safety Scenario

return-air
damper

smoke-
control
dampers

normal HVAC operation smoke-control operation

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 What BMS do in a Peak Demand
Control ?
BMS are regularly used for Peak Demand
Limiting. It monitors a facilitys mechanical and
electrical systems. It is then programmed to make
appropriate choices based on current data and
predetermined limits or set points.

For example, when the BMS senses that the building is

approaching a prohibitive peak, it will automatically
begin sequencing some of the automated scenarios like
:
It will cycle off or limit mechanical systems.
It will dim the lighting, or enable an on-site
generator.
Etc
Predetermined programs will be automatically executed
in order to keep spikes in energy usage to a minimum 44
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Programming languages

Function Block &

Script
Custom program scenario
Extensive library support
Offline simulation for test
and debug
Online monitoring with live
values displayed for tuning
functionality

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 Assessing a buildings energy
performance
Regular evaluation of a facilitys energy
performance is essential in benchmarking energy usage
against other comparable facilities, and is critical
in identifying a facilitys problem areas
1. Review monthly utility invoices.
2. Review metering devices.
3. Conduct an energy audit.
4. Proposed Objectives and outcome
of the Energy Audit.
5. Ways to utilizing the facilitys
building management system
(BMS) as assessment tool.

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Trend Logging

Historical data
recording
M&E parameter data recording
Virtually unlimited data storage
Variety of standard reporting
formats including .csv and .xml
Data presentation in table or
chart view

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 Web Reports
Customized Reports
Graphical Reporting
Alarm activity Reports
Building energy use
reports
Tenant Billing Reports
After-hours tenant
occupancy
Equipment diagnostics
and performance
Commissioning Reports
Auto generate & saving
Viewable on
Workstation & Web
Browser
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Saved
- Workshop
to xls, pdf, doc 48
Graphical User Interface
System-wide control from workstations or web browsers

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Graphics Editor
Tool for creating and modifying graphics used in a BMS
system
Installed on any site/engineer PC that will be used to
create/edit graphics
Extensive graphics library
Graphics community

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Mechanical system control &
monitor

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 Electrical one-line diagrams

Power System Engineer Views

See power flow at a glance
with color animated breakers
Quickly find out more
information related to alarms
with zoom in and drill
down navigation
Link one-line graphics to
power equipment diagram for
more details

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 Electrical Health Summary

Simple health status view

of electrical system
Indicates when ever there
is an electrical problem
Quickly find out more
information related to
alarms with zoom in and
drill down navigation

Hover over status

to see circuit
loading details

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 Energy Dashboards and
Slideshows
Energy awareness views
Users can quickly and
easily make their own
dashboards with drag &
drop gadgets
Display any unit (water,
gas, electricity, GJ,
MMBTU, Therms, etc.)
Show energy usage
comparisons or breakdowns
Interactive date ranges
for data zoom in - zoom
out

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Responding to Alarms & Comfort
Complaints

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Centralized Alarms and
Diagnostics
Powerful system-wide control from workstations or the web

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Preventive Maintenance

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Time-of-Day Scheduling
Manage sites 24/7 by building or by floor

Schedules
Calendar
Digital Schedule
Analog Schedule
Multistate Schedule
Weekly Schedule
Holiday Schedule
Exception Schedule
Schedule Priority

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User management

Three levels of
authority:
Modify, Read, No
Access

Windows integration
Single sign-on
maximizes the
Microsoft Active
Directory technology

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BMS - TCP/IP Architecture

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BMS - TCP/IP Architecture w/
HLI

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Enterprise Server
Maintains the Enterprise Server database (BMS
database)
Graphics, Program, Alarms, Trends, Schedules,
Events

Communicates
Automation Servers / Controllers
LonWorks EIA852 networks
Modbus TCP
Enterprise Server
BACnet / IP
WebServices

Serves information to WorkStation

BMS Web Server
Installed on Enterprise Server PC

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WorkStation
User interface to BMS
databases
Automation Server
Enterprise Server

Operator (user) interface

Graphics, trends, alarms,
schedule, etc

Engineering interface
Create and configure BMS objects WorkStation
Network Management tool for HLI
Networks

Installed on any Windows

machine

Secure login and system access

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WebStation GUI

Direct access using a standard web browser

No additional software needed
Delegate responsibilities and perform everyday
operations
Same customized Workspaces as configured for
WorkStation
View graphics, trends, schedules, and reports
Change values (e.g. temperature setpoints)
Update schedules
Manage alarms
Manage users
Secure access
WebStation requires user name and password for log
on
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 Mobile & Remote Access
Conveniently access BMS Server using a
single app from mobile devices (iOS and
Android)
Monitor and change values
Receive and acknowledge alarms
Access trend log lists
View and edit schedules and calendars
Create Custom View of frequently accessed
objects
Log in securely using user name and
password

Targeted to BMS professionals

Facility managers
Maintenance staff
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Open Forum