THE EFFECTIVENESS

OF STUDENT-CENTERED CLASSROOM
APPROACH TO THE STUDENTS
COMMUNICATIVE SPEAKING ABILITY
AT THE ELEVENTH GRADE OF SMA
MUHAMMADIYAH CIREBON

A Paper By:

KURNIHAYATI
108060211
 INTRODUCTION
Background of the Study

o Communication is one basic skill for all human,

o EFL learners need an appropriate Approach,
o Most of Indonesian still use Teacher-Centered
Classroom Approach that can not make the
students active in learning activities one of
school is SMA Muhammadiyah Cirebon,
o Some studies show that Student-Centered
Classroom Approach has positive effect in
learning activities.
 INTRODUCTION
Research Question
How does the Student-Centered Classroom
approach increase significantly the students
communicative speaking ability at eleventh
grade of SMA Muhammadiyah Cirebon?
How are the implementations of the Student-
Centered Classroom approach to increase the
students communicative speaking ability at
eleventh grade of SMA Muhammadiyah
Cirebon?
INTRODUCTION
Hypothesis
H0 : Student-Centered Classroom Approach
does not increase significantly the
students communicative speaking ability
at eleventh grade of SMA Muhammadiyah
Cirebon.
H1 : Student-Centered Classroom Approach
increases significantly the students
communicative speaking ability at eleventh
grade of SMA Muhammadiyah Cirebon.
 INTRODUCTION
Scope and Limitation
This study focus on the way of Student-
centered classroom approach increases the
students communicative speaking ability
significantly at eleventh grade of SMA
Muhammadiyah Cirebon
Significant of the research
This study has the objective to provide an
alternative teaching approach that gives the
effectiveness of the communicative speaking
LITERARY REVIEW
LITERARY REVIEW
According to Harmer:
Approach describes how people acquire their
knowledge of the language and make statements
about the conditions which will promote
successful language learning.
Method is the practical realization of an
approach.
Procedure is a sequence which can be
described in terms such as first you do this, then
you do that.
LITERARY REVIEW
Student-centered Classroom Approach

According to Snyder (2011), a student-centered

educational program is not one in which the students run
the show, in which their every whim is catered to; rather, it
is one that is run for the benefit of the students.
It indicates that students are the priority of teaching
English activities. To make SCCA effective, we can choose
SCCA with discussing in a group as the method. In
discussing groups activities, the students can share
conversation and exchange the idea.
LITERARY REVIEW
Discussion Method in SCCA Activities
Omatseye (2007) said that the discussion teaching
method is a design that provides opportunity for
discussion between teacher and students, and
students to students.

In this activities, the teacher has three activities:

Preparing,
Monitoring, and
Follow Up
LITERARY REVIEW

Communicative Speaking Ability

Communication is simple term to transmit a

common system of symbols, signs, or behavior.
There are three elements in the communication
process, they are:
Source
Symbols
Receiver
SEVERAL FOCUS ON SPEAKING
Functional competence :
Language functions include narrating, comparing, giving and
defending an opinion, responding to a hypothetical situation, describing
and analyzing a graph, extending a greeting, responding to a phone
message, giving a progress report, etc.
Sociolinguistics competence :
Appropriateness refers to responding with language appropriate for
the intended audience or situation.
Discourse competence :
Coherence/Cohesion reflects the ways language is organized
(coherence) and how ideas relate to each other (cohesion).
Linguistics competence :
includes pronunciation (production of speech sound for
communication), grammar, and vocabulary.
SIX TYPES OF ORAL COMMUNICATION
ACTIVITIES

1. One-on-One Speaking (Student-Student or

Student-Teacher),
2. Small-Group or Team-Based Oral Work,
3. Full-Class Discussions (Teacher- or Student-
Led),
4. In-Class Debates and Deliberations,
5. Speeches and Presentations, and
6. Oral Examinations.
LITERARY REVIEW
The SCCA Procedure in Communicative Speaking
Activities
This procedure divided into three steps:
1. Pre-activities are the activities that has aim to give
motivation and focusing of the students in learning
activities,
2. While-activities are the interactive, inspirited
activities of the students, and
3. Post-Activities are the activities that ended the
learning process
LITERARY REVIEW

Scale of Assessing Speaking

Role-play is a method for exploring the issues
involved in complex social situations. It may be
used for the training of professionals or in a
classroom for the understanding of literature,
history, and even science (Blatner: 2009).
Adopted from The Test of Spoken English
(TSE) scale (ETS, 2001b) (in Luoma, 2004: 68-
69), is a combination of holistic and analytic
rating scales.
LITERARY REVIEW
SCCA in Senior High School

SMA Muhammadiyah is a senior high school,

which the students are intermediate level in
Teaching English.
According to Brown, beginning students are highly
dependent on the teacher for models of language,
and so a teacher-centered or teacher-fronted
classroom is appropriate for some of your classroom
time (2000:99).
LITERARY REVIEW

The effectiveness of SCCA from the related

studies

increasing the motivation of the students,

increasing confidence of the students, and

increasing the activeness of the students in a

group.
 METHODOLOGY
The Writer used experimental research, Experimental research is the only
types of research that directly attempts to influence a particular variable,
and, when properly applied, it is the best type for testing hypotheses about
cause-and-effect relationship information (Fraenkel and Wall, 2003: 267).
METHODOLOGY
Population and Sample
In this research, the researcher took the eleventh
grade of SMA Muhammadiyah as the Population.
And randomly, the samples of this research are two
classes, each class consist of 27 students.
Data Collecting
1. Test
2. Observation
Instruments of the research
Research Design
E : RO1 X O2
C : RO3 O4
METHODOLOGY
Technique of Data Analysis
1. Determining the data X1 and X2

2. Determining the mean of the data

3. Determining degree of freedom (d)

4. Determining the standard error of the

difference in means
5. Finding taccount

6. Finding ttable

7. Hypothesis analysis
 Naturalistic observation is the
participantas-observer, as its name suggests,
is part of the social life of participants and
documents and records what is happening for
research purposes.
HYPOTHESIS ANALYSIS
RESEARCH FINDINGS
Research Finding from The Test
Increasing graphic
14
12
10
8
Experimental
6 Group
4 Control Group
2
0
0 10 20 30
DATA ANALYSIS

taccount = 2.4548 and ttable = 1.706

Hypothesis Analysis:
taccount falls out of the area between - ttable and
ttable because 2.4548 is not at region between -1.706
and 1.706, it means that Ho is rejected and H1 is
accepted.
RESEARCH FINDING FROM THE OBSERVATION

Experimental group
Teachers Activities (Preparing, Monitoring, Follow
Up)
Students Activities (Discussing)

Control Group
Teachers Activities (Giving Explanations)

Students Activities (Listening, Following)

CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
CONCLUSION
1. SCCA with Discussion Method increases significantly the
communicative ability of the students at the eleventh
grade of SMA Muhammadiyah.
2. The teacher just do several activities to make the students
active by themselves.

SUGGESTION
1. The teacher can use Student-Centered Classroom
Approach to increases significantly the students
communicative speaking ability,
2. The teacher should be mastering and preparing the
material when they use this approach.