Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
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1 BMSS
MEKANISME DASAR PENYAKIT
(BMD)
ANATOMI ORGAN
Dr. Siti Rafiah Husain
ANATOMI BMD-
2 BMSS
BEBERAPA HAL :
ISTILAH ANATOMIS
LATIN, INGGERIS
REFERENSI
ATLAS WERNER SPALTEHOLZ I II
SOBOTA JILID I II
GRAY GRANT HAMILTON BOYD
ANATOMI BMD-
3 BMSS
ANATOMI VISCERA
DIGESTIVUS
RESPIRATORIUS
URINARIUS
CIRCULASI
ANATOMI BMD-
5 BMSS
POKOK BAHASAN
SISTEMA DIGESTORIUS
SISTEMA RESPIRATORIUS
SISTEMA URINARIUS
SISTEMA CIRCULASI
ANATOMI BMD-
6 BMSS
SYSTEMA DIGESTIVUS
1.CAVITAS ORIS
2.PHARYNX
3.OESOPHAGUS
4.GASTER (= VENTRICULUS )
5. INTESTINUM :
INTESTINUM TENUE
INTESTINUM CRASSUM
6. HEPAR
7. PANCREAS
(8.LIEN )
Gambar 1
ANATOMI BMD-
7 BMSS
1.CAVITAS ORIS
Rongga
labium superius
labium inferius
bucca
palatum durum
palatum molle
dentis, lingua
diaphragma oris
rima oris
isthmus faucium
ANATOMI BMD-
8 BMSS
STRUKTUR TULANG :
MAXILLA
MANDIBULA
OS PALATINUM
Articulatio temporomandibularis :
Mandibula
Os temporalis
MUSCULUS :
M.TEMPORALIS
M.PTERYGOIDEUS LATERALIS
M.PTERYGOIDEUS MEDIALIS
M.MASSETER
ANATOMI BMD-BMSS 9
ISI CAVITAS ORIS
Palatum durum
molar (3) buccae
Tonsilla
lingua
ANATOMI BMD-
10 BMSS
2. LINGUA
organ muscular
receptor gustatorius :
manis pahit asam asin
nucleus gustatorius nucleus
salivatorius reflex salivasi papilla
ANATOMI BMD-
11 BMSS
3. GLANDULA SALIVATORIUS :
GLD.SALIVATORIUS MINOR
GLD.SALIVATORUS MAJOR
Terdiri dari :
-gld.sublingualis
-gld.submandibularis
-gld parotis
Ductus excretorius cavitas oris
ANATOMI BMD-
12 BMSS
2. PHARYNX
TABUNG FIBRO-MUSCULAR
BASIS CRANII VERTEBRA
CERVICALIS 6
PANJANG 12,5 CM
DIAMETER 5 CM , 2,5 CM
ANATOMI BMD-
13 BMSS
Pembagian pharynx :
1. NASOPHARYNX :
- choanae cavitas nasi
- tuba eustacheus cavum 1
tympani
2
2. OROPHARYNX
3
isthmus faucium cavitas oris
3. LARINGOPHARYNX
adytus laryngeus - larynx
ANATOMI BMD-
14 BMSS
m.constrictor pharyngeus :
superior
medius
inferior
ANATOMI BMD-
15 BMSS
3. OESOPHAGUS
saluran muscular
pharynx gaster
di bagi menjadi 3 bagian :
-pars cervicalis
-pars thoracalis
-pars abdominalis
diaphragma thoracis hiatus
oesophageus
ANATOMI BMD-
16 BMSS
CAVUM ABDOMINIS
RONGGA
CAVUM ABDOMINOPELVICUM
DIAPHRAGMA THORACIS
CAVITAS THORACIS
Viscera abdominis
DIBENTUK OLEH :
- skeleton : vertebra lumbalis 1-5
- Muskulus : m.rectus abdominis,
m.obliquus externus
abdominis, m.obliquus
internus abdominis,
m.transversus abdominis
ANATOMI BMD-
17 BMSS
CAVUM ABDOMINIS
IDENTIFIKASI LOKALISASI
VISCERA ABDOMINIS
PEMERIKSAAN FISIS - PALPASI
ANATOMI BMD-
18 BMSS
Anatomical Regions:
ANATOMI BMD-
19 BMSS
In the clinic: Abdomino-pelvic Regions
ANATOMI BMD-
20 BMSS
LAPISAN DINDING ABDOMEN
KULIT
JARINGAN LEMAK
FASCIA SUPERFICIALIS
ABDOMINIS
MUSCULUS VENTRO-LATERAL
FASCIA TRANSVERSA
ABDOMINIS
JARINGAN LEMAK
EXTRAPERITONEAL
PERITONEUM
ANATOMI BMD-
21 BMSS
4. GASTER = VENTRICULUS
Morfologi :
KANTONG MUCOSA DAN OTOT
POLOS
BENTUK HURUF J
CURVATURA MAJOR
CURVATURA MINOR
FIKSASI : OMENTUM MAJUS
DAN OMENTUM MINUS
ANATOMI BMD-
22 BMSS
GASTER
Fundus
Dome
Under diaphragm
(corpus)
Corpus
Large, midportion
Pylorus
Distal portion
Pyloric sphincter
ANATOMI BMD-
23 BMSS
KELENJAR dalam MUCOSA :
Hcl (asam)
LOKALISASI :
KUADRAN KIRI ATAS
ANATOMIS : REGIO
EPIGASTRIUM dan
HYPOCHONDRIUM
SINISTER
PERITONEUM -
INTRAPERITONEAL
ANATOMI BMD-
24 BMSS
5. INTESTINUM
INTESTINUM TENUE :
- DUODENUM
- JEJENUM dan ILEUM
INTESTINUM CRASSUM :
CAECUM - COLON
ASCENDENS
TRANSVERSUM
DESCENDENS
SIGMOIDEUM - RECTUM -
ANUS
ANATOMI BMD-
25 BMSS
DUODENUM
HURUF C
UKURAN 25 CM (12 JARI)
TERDIRI DARI : PARS
SUPERIOR DESCENDENS
HORIZONTALIS ASCENDENS
DUCTUS CHOLEDOCHUS
( EMPEDU )
DUCTUS PANCREATICUS (
ENZIM )
ANATOMI BMD-
26 BMSS
JEJENUM - ILEUM
ANATOMI BMD-
27 BMSS
Intestinum crassum
Caecum
Processus vermiformix
(Appendix)
Colon
Ascendens
Transversum
Descendens
Sigmoideum
Rectum
Anus
ANATOMI BMD-
28 BMSS
Caecum :
-pangkal colon ascendens
-muara ileum
-processus vermiformis =
appendix
colon ascendens
transversum descendens
sigmoideum rectum -- Gambar 7
anus
flexura coli dextra flexura coli
sinistra
ANATOMI BMD-
29 BMSS
Ciri utama colon :
taenia
haustra
ANATOMI BMD-
30 BMSS
6. PANCREAS
KELENJAR EXOCRINE
ENDOCRINE
ENZIM INSULIN
CAPUT CORPUS
CAUDA
DUCTUS PANCREATICUS
WIRSUNGI + DUCTUS
CHOLEDOCHUS
BERMUARA KE DALAM
DUODENUM
DI BAGIAN KONKAF
DUODENUM
RETROPERITONEAL
ANATOMI BMD-
31 BMSS
Ducts of Pancreas
ANATOMI BMD-
32 pg 652 BMSS
7. HEPAR
Organ besar, coklat
kemerah-merahan
konsistensi padat
kuadran kanan atas
intraperitoneal
bentuk hemispherium
terdiri dari lobus dexter et
sinister
facies visceralis porta
hepatis
ANATOMI BMD-
33 BMSS
APPARATUS EXCRETORIUS HEPATIS
VESICA FELLEA
DUCTUS CYSTICUS
DUCTUS HEPATICUS
DUCTUS CHOLEDOCHUS
ANATOMI BMD-
34 BMSS
Vesica Fellea
Muscular sac
Located between
right and quadrate
lobes of liver
Bile
Produced by liver
Stored in gallbladder
Emulsification of fats
(Duct. Choledochus)
ANATOMI BMD-
35 BMSS
Ductus cysticus
Duct. cysticus
from gallbladder
Duct. hepaticus
from liver
Ductus choledocus
(common bile duct)
carries bile into duodenum
ANATOMI BMD-
36 BMSS
8. LIEN = SPLEEN
ORGAN LYMPHATIC
LUNAK
VASCULAR RESERVOIR DARAH
KUADRAN KIRI ATAS
INTRAPERIETONEAL
BUKAN ORGAN DIGESTIVUS (!)
ANATOMI BMD-
37 BMSS
SISTEMA CIRCULASI
COR
ARTERI VENA
LYMPHE - LYMPHONODUS
ANATOMI BMD-
38 BMSS
Cardiovascular System
Heart
Blood Vessels
Circulation
Pulmonary
Systemic
Hepatic Portal
ANATOMI BMD-
39 BMSS
Cardiovascular System
Arteries
Carry blood from the heart to
the body
Veins
Return blood from the
capillary beds to the heart
Capillaries
Simple endothelial tubes
connecting arterial and
venous sides of the
circulation
ANATOMI BMD-
40 BMSS
Heart
Approximately the size of your
fist
Location
Superior surface of diaphragm
Left of the midline
Anterior to the vertebral column,
posterior to the sternum and costal
cartilage
Apex tipped toward the left, base
superior
In pericardium space
ANATOMI BMD-
41 BMSS
BAGIAN-BAGIAN COR
atrium dextra
atrium sinister
ventriculus dexter
ventriculus
sinister
ANATOMI BMD-
42 BMSS
The Heart
Aortae
Atrium cordis
dextra
ANATOMI BMD-
43 BMSS
Location in Thorax
Largest organ in
mediastinum
Lies posterior to
sternum and
costal cartilages
Rests on
superior surface
of diaphragm
ANATOMI BMD-
44 BMSS
Heart Valves
ANATOMI BMD-
46 BMSS
CIRCULASI SISTEMIK
ALIRAN DARAH
ARTERI : dinding otot
polos, berdenyut
VENA : dinding tipis,
valvula
COR AORTA ARTERI
ARTERIOLE
CAPILER JARINGAN
capiler venule vena
vena cava superior et
inferior-cor
ANATOMI BMD-
47 BMSS
AORTA
AORTA ASCENDENS:
mempercabangkan
a.coronaria sinistra dan
a.coronaria dextra
ARCUS AORTA
AORTA DESCENDENS
(=AORTA THORACALIS)
Melanjutkan diri menjadi
AORTA ABDOMINALIS
ANATOMI BMD-
48 BMSS
AORTA
a.Carotis communis
sinistra
Arteri Anonyma
a.Subclavia sinistra
Arcus aorta
Aorta descendens
Aorta ascendens
a.Coronaria sinistra
a.Coronaria dextra
ANATOMI BMD-
49 BMSS
1 2 3
ARCUS AORTA
1. A. anonyma (=truncus
brachiocephalicus)
- a. carotis communis dextra
- A. subclavia dextra
2. A. carotis communis
sinistra
3. A. subclavia sinistra
ANATOMI BMD-
50 BMSS
A.SUBCLAVIA
a.axillaris a.brachialis
a.ulnaris a.radialis
(processus styloideus)
A.CAROTIS COMMUNIS
: a.carotis interna
a.carotis interna
ANATOMI BMD-
51 BMSS
Abdominal aorta
Common iliac
External iliac
Femoral
ventriculus dexter
Truncus pulmonalis -
arteria pulmonalis
Pulmo
Pergantian CO2 dengan O2
(darah eritrosit)
vena pulmonalis
atrium sinister
ANATOMI BMD-
53 BMSS
CIRCULASI CORONER
vascularisasi myocardium
a.coronaria dextra et
sinistra
v.cordis
v. cordis
sinus coronarius
Sinus coronarius
atrium dextrum
ANATOMI BMD-
54 BMSS
2 1 1 2
1. Vena cordis
1. a.Coronaria sinistra
2. Sinus coronarius
2. a.Coronaria dextra
ANATOMI BMD-
55 BMSS
ALIRAN DARAH VENA :
EXTREMITAS INFERIOR :
vena saphena parva (v. poplitea
v.femoralis)
v.saphena magna v.femoralis
v.iliaca vena cava inferior
EXTREMITAS SUPERIOR :
v.cephalica (v. axillaris)
v. basilica (v. brachialis)
v.ulnaris-v.radialis v.brachialis
v.axillaris-v.subclavia
heart
liver
inferior
vena cava
intestine
femoral
femoral vein
artery
The human
circulatory
system
ANATOMI BMD-
57 BMSS
ANATOMI BMD-
58 BMSS
Blood Circulation
ANATOMI BMD-
59 BMSS
ANATOMI BMD-
60 BMSS
CIRCULASI PORTAL
V.MESENTERICA SUPERIOR
V.MESENTERICA INFERIOR
V.LIENALIS
ANATOMI BMD-
61 BMSS
CIRCULUS ARTERIOSUS WILLISI
ENCEPHALON
A.CAROTIS INTERNA
A.BASILARIS (dibentuk
oleh a. vertebralis)
ANATOMI BMD-
62 BMSS
Circle of Willis
ANATOMI BMD-
63 BMSS
ALIRAN LIQUOR CEREBROSPINALIS
FILTRASI DARAH
PLEXUS CHORIOIDEUS
VENTRICULUS SPATIUM
SUBARACHNOIDEUM
SINUS VENOSUS
VENA JUGULARIS INTERNA
NUTRISI
ANATOMI BMD-
64 BMSS
SISTEMA LYMPHATICA
LYMPHE (= CAIRAN JARINGAN) , bening
PEMBULUH LYMPHE
ORGAN LYMPHOID
(LYMPHONODUS) :
-LYMPHONODUS AXILLARIS
-LYMPHONODUS INGUINALIS
-LYMPHONODUS CERVICALIS
-LYMPHONODUS VISCERALIS :
(viscera abdominis cisterna chyli (chylus)
ductus thoracicus pembuluh vena)
ANATOMI BMD-
65 BMSS
ANATOMI BMD-
66 BMSS
ANATOMI BMD-
67 BMSS
Lymphatic System
Superficial lymph
vessels are in the skin
and subcutaneous
tissue.
Deep lymphatic
vessels are in the deep
fascia between
muscles and
subcutaneous tissue.
The right lymphatic
duct drains lymph from
the bodys RUQ.
The thoracic duct
drains lymph from the
remainder of the body.
ANATOMI BMD-
68 BMSS
Right
lymphatic
duct
Cysterna Chyli
ANATOMI BMD-
69 BMSS
ANATOMI BMD-
70 BMSS
Lymphatic System
lymphatic spleen
system thoracic
duct
lymph
vessels
lymph
nodes
valve prevents
backflow
chambers
packed with
lymphocytes
lymph node
ANATOMI BMD-
72 BMSS
Distribution of LNs
ANATOMI BMD-
73 BMSS