Groups

Groups
Two or more individuals,
Interacting and interdependent,
Who have come together
To achieve particular objective.
 Types of Groups
Formal Group
A designated work group defined by the organisations structure.
Informal Group
Neither formally structured nor organisationally determined,
Appears in response to the need for social contact.
Command Group
A manager and his or her immediate subordinates.
Task Group
Those working together to complete a job task.
 Types of Groups
Interest Group
Those working together to attain a specific objective with which each
is concerned.
Friendship Group
Those brought together because they share one or more common
characteristics.
 Stages of Group Development
Forming
Storming
Norming
Performing
Adjourning
 Stages of Group Development
Forming
The first stage in the group development, characterised by much uncertainty.
Storming
The second stage in group development, characterised by intragroup conflict.
Norming
The third stage in group development, characterised by close relationships and
cohesiveness.
 Stages of Group Development
Performing
The fourth stage in group development, when the group is fully
functional.
Adjourning
The final stage in group development for temporary groups,
characterised by concern with wrapping up activities rather than task
performance.
 Why do People Join Groups?
Security
By joining a group, individuals can reduce the insecurity of standing alone.
People feel stronger, have fewer self-doubts, and are more resistant to threats
when they are part of the group.
Status
Inclusion in a group that is viewed as important by others provides recognition
and status for its members.
Self-Esteem
Groups can provide people with feelings of self-worth. That is, in addition to
conveying status to those outside the group, membership can also give
increased feelings of worth to the group members themselves.
 Why do People Join Groups?
Affiliation
Groups can fulfil social needs. People enjoy the regular interaction that comes
with group membership. For many people, these on-the-job interactions are
their primary source for fulfilling their needs for affiliation.
Power
What cannot be achieved individually often becomes possible through group
action. There is power in numbers.
Goal Achievement
There are times when it takes more than one person to accomplish a particular
task there is a need to pool talents, knowledge, or power in order to
complete a job. In such instances, management will rely on the use of a formal
group.