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angular momentom
Rotation
Rotation
d2
d1
q
q1 q2
moment
arm M
Moment of inertia
x = mass x (moment-arm)2
Moment of inertial
M x M
I Mr2
r r
I=large
(same M)
easy to turn
harder to turn
Moment of inertia
Angular vs “linear” quantities
Linear quantity symb. Angular quantity symb.
distance d angle q
velocity v angular vel. w
acceleration a angular accel. a
mass m moment of inertia I
Force F (=ma) torque t (=I a)
Sameforce;
Same force;
bigger
even torque
bigger torque
His weight
produces a
larger torque
F
Forces are
the same..
Iw = Iw
Angular momentum
is conserved: L=const
Conservation of angular
momentum
w
I
Iw Iw
High Diver
Iw
w
I
Iw
Conservation of angular
momentum
Iw Iw
Angular momentum is a vector
Right-hand rule
Conservation of angular
Girl spins:
momentum net vertical
component of L
still = 0
L has no vertical
component
No torques possible
Around vertical axis
vertical component of L= const
Turning bicycle These compensate
L
Torque is also a vector
example:
pivot
another point
right-hand rule
F
Thumb in t is out of
t direction the screen
F wrist by
pivot point
Fingers in
F direction
Spinning wheel
t
wheel precesses
away from viewer
F
Angular vs “linear” quantities
Linear quantity symb. Angular quantity symb.
distance d angle q
velocity v angular vel. w
acceleration a angular accel. a
mass m moment of inertia I
Force F (=ma) torque t (=I a)
momentum p (=mv) angular mom. L (=I w)
kinetic energy ½ mv2 rotational k.e. ½ I w2
w
I
V KEtot = ½ mV2 + ½ Iw2
Hoop disk sphere race
Hoop disk sphere race
I
Hoop disk sphere race
KE = ½ mv2 + ½ Iw
2
KE = ½ mv2 + ½ Iw2
KE = ½ mv2 + ½ Iw2
Hoop disk sphere race