Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
Static Dynamics
(The branch of (The branch of
mechanics that deals mechanics that deals with
with bodies at rest) bodies in motion)
Hydraulics Aerodynamics
(Liquid flows in pipes (Flow of air over bodies)
and open channels)
Is Fluid Mechanics Old- or low-tech?
Fluid Mechanics and Your MP3 Player
F 0i F 0 , Flows
i
Solid Fluid
F F V
A A h
System
(or “Closed System”)
Control Volume
(or “Open System”)
0% 100%
~10% ~90%
~90% ~10%
100% 0%
(b)
(a)
No slip
condition
Corn Starch
aT 2
1 b / T
Where T is the absolute temp and a and b are
experimentally determined constants.
For air, the values of these constants are
a = 1.458 10-6 kg/m.s.K1/2 and b = 110.4 K
at atmospheric conditions
Patm Pa Pv
Vortex pump
Propeller
ME F212 Fluid Mechanics
Vapor Pressure: Cavitation
Water beading on a leaf Water dripping from a tap Mercury droplets on a table
2
Dp pi pe
R
Dp is the pressure difference between the inside and outside.
ME F212 Fluid Mechanics
Surface Tension: Liquid Droplet and Soap Bubble
4
Dp
R
ME F212 Fluid Mechanics
Surface Tension: Capillary Effect
The rise or fall of a liquid in a small-diameter tube
inserted into the liquid is called as capillary effect . It is
the consequence of surface tension. The curved free
surface of a liquid in the tube is call the meniscus.
“Wetted” “Non-Wetted”
Adhesion
Cohesion
Adhesion
Cohesion
The strength of
capillary effect is
quantified by the
contact angle ø,
defined as the angle
that the tangent to
the liquid surface
makes with the solid
surface at the point
of contact.
T r F
T rF sin
Where T is the torque vector and
r is the displacement vector
is the angle between the force
vector and the lever arm vector.