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Stratum lucidum
Stratum
Stratum
granulosum
spinosum
Stratum
basale
The Skin
Dermis
• Thick layer under the
epidermis
• Contains blood
vessels
• Oil glands
• Sweat glands
• Hair follicles
• Fat tissue
• Nerves
• Connective tissue
1- Papillary layer:
- loose connective tissue with nipple like
surface projection called dermal papilla.
- capillaries
- contain pain receptors
- contain touch receptors (Meissner’s
corpuscles
- dermal ridges- epidermal ridges- pattern
called fingerprints
Fingerprints
- 2 to 3 million
- Two types:
Merocrine: Distributed over all skin except nipples
(Eccrine) Duct leads to sweat pore on surface
Secreted watery sweat for cooling
Apocrine: Located only in axillary, pubic, anal regions
Larger than eccrine glands
Duct opens into opening of hair follicle
Secretes thicker sweat, high content of
proteins and fats. Contains specific scent
molecules: sexual, fear, etc.
- apocrine: axillary and pubic region
- duct empties onto hair follicle
- viscous fluid
- causes body odor (“b-o “) when
bacteria break it down
NAIL
–Nail body
–Free edge
–Nail root
• Matrix
–Lunula (moon)
Nail Structure
Nails
• Flat nails allow for fleshy, sensitive fingertips
• Serve as tools for digging, grooming and
manipulation
• Useful in medical diagnosis
– Iron deficiency—flat or concave
– Long term hypoxia (oxygen deficiency)—clubbed
Nerve endings: