Você está na página 1de 15

SUBSTANCE RELATED

DISORDERS
Haleigh Turley, Jorden Prewitt, and Marisa Martin
S U B S TA N C E R E L AT E D D I S O R D E R S

 Substance abuse is the regular use of a drug other than its


accepted medical purpose or in dosages greater than those that are
considered appropriate
 The most common drugs of abuse are alcohol and prescription
drugs
 There is no classic cultural, socioeconomic, or educational profile
for a substance abuser
ALCOHOL
 Clinical Pattern of Alcohol Use
• Abstinence and low risk
• Increased consumption
• Moderate alcohol use
• Unhealthy alcohol use
• Alcohol dependency and alcoholism
 Etiology
• Genetics
• Biopsychosocial
• Environmental
SIGNS AND EFFECTS OF
ALCOHOLISM

 Cravings  Behavioral changes

 Loss of control  Physical characteristics

 Physical dependence  Complications

 Tolerance  Accidents

 Vehicular accidents

 Suicide
PHARMACEUTICALS
 Prescription drug abuse: taking prescription medication that is not
prescribed for that person; using a prescription for reasons or in
dosages other than prescribed

 Street abuse: taking drugs or substances purchased illegally from


non-medical sources and/or for non-medical reasons.
MOST COMMONLY ABUSED
DRUGS
 Depressants  Dissociative Anesthetics
• Barbituates • Ketamine
• Benzodiazepines
• Flunitrazepam  Stimulants
 Opioids and Morphine • Amphetamines
Derivatives • Cocaine
• Codeine • Methamphetamine
• Fentanyl • Methylphenidate
• Morphine
• Opium
 Other compounds
• Others • Anabolic steroids
RECREATIONAL DRUGS

 A recreational drug is used without medical justification for its


psychoactive effects often in the belief that occasional use of such a
substance is not habit-forming or addictive

 Most commonly abused


• Marijuana
• Cocaine
• Heroin
• Ecstasy
TREATMENT

 Drug addiction is a treatable disorder

 Medical detoxification

 Tailored to the individual needs; may involve behavioral changes


and medications

 Medications to suppress craving for drugs and withdrawal


symptoms
DENTAL HYGIENE
PROCESS OF CARE

 Assess the patient  Dental Hygiene Diagnosis

 Interview the patient  Develop a treatment plan

 Screen the patient  Implement

 Vital signs  Evaluate

 Extraoral Exam

 Intraoral exam
DENTAL IMPLICATIONS

 Xerostomia
 Dental caries; tooth loss
 Periodontal disease
 Enamel erosion
 Bruxism
 Dentin hypersensitivity
 Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis
DENTAL CONSIDERATIONS

 Use precaution for potential drug interactions

 Limited use of local anesthesia

 Limit use of alcohol containing products

 Educate patients on safeguarding prescriptions

 Be mindful of prescription shopping


TREATMENT

 Consult patients physician to determine if pre-antibiotic is needed


 Avoid use of power instruments in patients with
compromised immune system
 High power suction is essential
 Contraindications: Nitrous oxide/oxygen, local anesthetics with
vasodilators
 DOCUMENT
 Recall is determined on an individual basis
RESOURCES

 http://www.dimensionsofdentalhygiene.com/ddhright.aspx?id=10
816

 https://www.merriam-
webster.com/dictionary/recreational%20drug
REVIEW QUESTIONS

 True/False: The most common drugs of abuse are alcohol and


prescription drugs
 True/False: Local anesthetic should be used on all substance abusing
patients
 Xerostomia is a common side effect of which abused substance?
A. Opiates
B. Amphetamines
C. Barbiturates
D. Marijana
E. All of the above
QUESTIONS?

Você também pode gostar