CE 6306 STRENGTH OF

MATERIALS
Mr.G.Manoj Kumar
Asst. Professor
Dept. of Mechanical Engg.

3 February 2018 1
 APPLICATIONS
Automobiles:
CAR BIKE

3 February 2018 Mr.G.MANOJ KUMAR AP/MECH 2

 APPLICATIONS
AIRCRAFTS:

3 February 2018 Mr.G.MANOJ KUMAR AP/MECH 3

 APPLICATIONS
BUILDING STRUCTURES:
HOUSES BRIDGES

3 February 2018 Mr.G.MANOJ KUMAR AP/MECH 4

 APPLICATIONS
ELETRIC MOTORS:

3 February 2018 Mr.G.MANOJ KUMAR AP/MECH 5

 APPLICATIONS
PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD:

3 February 2018 Mr.G.MANOJ KUMAR AP/MECH 6

 SOM COURSE MODULES

1. Analysis of stress and 5. Torsion on Shafts

strain in normal planes 6. Torsion on Springs
2. Analysis of stress and 7. Deflection of Beams
strain in inclined 8. Thin Shells
planes
9. Thick Shells
3. Analysis of SFD and
BMD 10. Thermal Stresses
4. Analysis of Bending
and Shear stresses

3 February 2018 Mr.G.MANOJ KUMAR AP/MECH 7

 SOM SYLLABUS CONTENT
1. STRESS, STRAIN AND DEFORMATION OF
SOLIDS ( Module 1, 2 & 10)
2. TRANSVERSE LOADING ON BEAMS AND
STRESSES IN BEAM ( Module 3 & 4)
3. TORSION ( Module 5 & 6)
4. DEFLECTION OF BEAMS ( Module 7)
5. THIN CYLINDERS, SPHERES AND THICK
CYLINDERS ( Module 8 & 9)
3 February 2018 Mr.G.MANOJ KUMAR AP/MECH 8
 SYLLABUS
UNIT I STRESS, STRAIN AND DEFORMATION OF SOLIDS 9
Rigid bodies and deformable solids – Tension, Compression and Shear Stresses –
Deformation of simple and compound bars – Thermal stresses – Elastic constants –
Volumetric strains –Stresses on inclined planes – principal stresses and principal
planes – Mohr’s circle of stress.

3 February 2018 Mr.G.MANOJ KUMAR AP/MECH 9

 UNIT 1 - STRESS, STRAIN AND
DEFORMATION OF SOLIDS

MODULES:
1. Analysis of stress and strain in normal planes
2. Analysis of stress and strain in inclined plan
10.Thermal Stresses

3 February 2018 Mr.G.MANOJ KUMAR AP/MECH 10

 Module 1
Analysis of stress and strain
in normal planes

• Stress & Strain

• Elongation in simple members ( uniform A,
varying A)
• Elongation in multi members ( homogenous &
Inhomogenous)
• Composite members
• Stresses in 3D components

3 February 2018 Mr.G.MANOJ KUMAR AP/MECH 11

 Problem No.1

The Strain induced in an M.S bar of

rectangular section having width equal to
twice the depth is 2.5 x 10-5 . The bar is
subjected to a tensile load of 4kN. Find the
section dimensions of the bar. Take Young
modulus, E = 0.2 x 10-6 N/ mm2 .

3 February 2018 Mr.G.MANOJ KUMAR AP/MECH 12

 Problem No.2

A rod of diameter 30 mm and length 400 mm

was found to elongate 0.35 mm when it was
subjected to a load of 65 kN. Compute the
modulus of elasticity of the materials of this
rod.

3 February 2018 Mr.G.MANOJ KUMAR AP/MECH 13

 Problem No.3
A Short bar of length 100 mm tapers
uniformly from a diameter of 40mm to a
diameter of 30mm and carries an axial
compressive load of 200kN. Find the change in
length of the bar. Take E = 200 GPa.

3 February 2018 Mr.G.MANOJ KUMAR AP/MECH 14

 TUTORIAL 1

A flat steel plate of thickness 1cm tapers

uniformly from 10cm to 5cm width in a length
of 40cm. Determine the elongation of the
plate if an axial tensile force of 5kN acts on it.
Take, E = 200 GPa .

3 February 2018 Mr.G.MANOJ KUMAR AP/MECH 15

 Problem No.4

A square bar 25mm x 25mm is subjected to

axial forces at different locations as shown.
Find total elongation of bar if Young’s
modulus, E = 200GPa.

3 February 2018 Mr.G.MANOJ KUMAR AP/MECH 16

 Problem No.5
The axially loaded composite rod shown in fig.
has a uniform cross sectional area of 500
mm2. Determine its change in length. The
modulus of elasticity are ESt = 200 GPa , EAl =
70 GPa, ECu = 200 GPa .

3 February 2018 Mr.G.MANOJ KUMAR AP/MECH 17

 Problem No.6
A member is subjected to point loads as shown
in fig. Calculate the force P, necessary for equilibrium
if P1 = 45kN, P3 = 450kN and P4 = 130kN. Determine
total elongation of the member, assuming the
modulus of elasticity to be E = 2.1 x 105 N/mm2

3 February 2018 Mr.G.MANOJ KUMAR AP/MECH 18

 Problem No.7
A mild steel rod of 20mm diameter and 300mm long
is enclosed centrally inside a hollow copper tube of
external diameter 30mm and internal diameter of
25mm . The ends of the tube and the rods are brazed
together and the composite bar is subjected to an
axial pull of 40kN. If E for steel and copper is
200GN/m2 and 100GN/m2. Find the stresses
developed in the rod and the tube. Also, find the
extension of the rod.

3 February 2018 Mr.G.MANOJ KUMAR AP/MECH 19

 TUTORIAL 2
A reinforced concrete column 500mm x 500
mm in section is reinforced with 4 steel bars of
25 mm diameter; one in each corner, the
column is carrying a load of 1000 kN. Find the
stresses in the concrete and steel bars. Take E
for steel =210 x 103 N/mm2 and E for concrete
=14 x 103 N/mm2 .

3 February 2018 Mr.G.MANOJ KUMAR AP/MECH 20

 Problem No.8
Two steel rods and one copper rod, each of
20mm diameter, together support a load of
20kN as shown in Fig. Find the stresses in the
rods. Take E for steel = 210kN/mm2 and E for
copper = 110kN/mm2.

3 February 2018 Mr.G.MANOJ KUMAR AP/MECH 21

 Problem No.9
A bar of 30mm diameter is subjected to a pull
of 60 kN. The measured extension on gauge
length of 200 mm is 0.1 mm and change in
diameter is 0.004 mm. Calculate Young’s
modulus, Shear modulus, Bulk modulus
and Poisson’s ratio.

3 February 2018 Mr.G.MANOJ KUMAR AP/MECH 22

 TUTORIAL 3
A bar of section 8 mm x 8 mm is
subjected to an axial pull of 7000 N. The
lateral dimension of the bar is found to
be changed to 7.9985 mm x 7.9985 mm.
If the modulus of rigidity of the materials
is 0.8 x 105 N/mm2. Determine the
Poisson’s ratio and modulus of elasticity.

3 February 2018 Mr.G.MANOJ KUMAR AP/MECH 23

 Problem No.10
A cast iron flat 300 mm long and 30 mm
(thickness) × 60 mm (width) uniform cross section, is
acted upon by the following forces:
30 kN tensile in the direction of the length
360 kN compression in the direction of the width
240 kN tensile in the direction of the thickness.
Calculate the direct strain, net strain in each
direction and change in volume of the flat. Assume
the modulus of elasticity and Poisson’s ratio for cast
iron as 140 kN/mm2 and 0.25 respectively.
3 February 2018 Mr.G.MANOJ KUMAR AP/MECH 24
 TUTORIAL 4
A rectangular block 350 mm long, 100 mm wide
and 80 mm thick is subjected to axial load as
follows. 50 kN tensile in the direction of length,
100 kN compression in the direction of thickness and
60 kN tensile in the direction of breadth. Determine
the change in volume, bulk modulus, modulus of
rigidity. Take E = 2 x 105 N/mm2 and Poisson’s ratio =
0.25.

3 February 2018 Mr.G.MANOJ KUMAR AP/MECH 25

 Problem No.11

A steel rod 15 m long is at a

temperature if 15oC . Find the free
expansion of the length when the
temperature is raised to 65o C. Find
the temperature stress produced when
the expansion of the rod is prevented.
Take αs = 12 x 10-6 per ᵒC, Es = 2.1 x 105
N/mm2.
3 February 2018 Mr.G.MANOJ KUMAR AP/MECH 26
 TUTORIAL 5
A steel rod of 30mm diameter and 5m long is
connected to two grips and the rod is maintained at
a temperature of 95oC. Determine the stress
and pull exerted when the temperature falls to 30oC,
if
1. The ends do not yield.
2. The ends yield by 0.12cm
Take E = 2x105 MN/m2 and α =12x10-6 per OC.

3 February 2018 Mr.G.MANOJ KUMAR AP/MECH 27

 Problem No.12
A steel tube of 30 mm external diameter and
20mm internal diameter encloses a copper rod of
15 mm diameter to which it is rigidity joined at each
end. If, at a temperature of 10o c there is no
longitudinal stresses, calculate the stresses in the
rod and tube when the temperature is raised to
200oC. Take E for steel and copper as 2.1 x 105
N/mm2 and 1 x 105 N/mm2 respectively. The
value of co-efficient of linear expansion for steel
and copper is given as 11x10-6 per oC and
18x10-6 per oC respectively.
3 February 2018 Mr.G.MANOJ KUMAR AP/MECH 28
 TUTORIAL 6
A steel rod of 20 mm diameter passes centrally
through a copper tube of 50 mm external diameter
and 40 mm internal diameter. The tube is closed at
the end by rigid plates of negligible thickness. The
nuts are tightened lightly on the projecting parts of
the rod. If the temperature of the assembly is raised
by 500c, calculate the stresses developed in copper
and steel. Take E for steel as 2 x 105 N/mm2 and
copper as 1 x 105 N/mm2 and α for steel and copper
as 12 x 10-6 per 0C and 18 x 10-6 per 0C.

3 February 2018 Mr.G.MANOJ KUMAR AP/MECH 29

 Problem No.13
A short metallic column of 500 mm cross
sectional carries an axial load 100 kN. For a
plane inclined at 60o with the direction of
load, calculate normal stress, tangential stress,
resultant stress, maximum shear stress and
obliquity of the resultant stress.

3 February 2018 Mr.G.MANOJ KUMAR AP/MECH 30

 Problem No.14
The principal stresses at a point in a bar are
160 N/mm2 (tensile) and 80 N/mm2 (tensile).
Determine the resultant stress in
magnitude and direction on a plane at 60o
to the axis of major principal stress. Also
determine the maximum intensity of shear
stress in the material at the point.

3 February 2018 Mr.G.MANOJ KUMAR AP/MECH 31

 Problem No.15
The state of stress (in N/mm2) acting at a certain
point of the strained material is shown in Fig.
Compute
1. The magnitude and nature of principal stresses
and
2. The orientation of principal planes

3 February 2018 Mr.G.MANOJ KUMAR AP/MECH 32

 TUTORIAL 7
A point in a strained material is subjected to the
stress as shown in fig. Locate the principle plane and
find the principle stresses.

3 February 2018 Mr.G.MANOJ KUMAR AP/MECH 33

 TUTORIAL 8
The intensity of resultant stress on a plane AB as shown in Fig. at a point
in a materials under stress is 8 N/mm2 and it is inclined at 300 to the
normal to that plane. The normal component of stress on another plane
BC at right angles to plane AB is 6 N/mm2. Determine the following:
1. The resultant stress on the plane BC
2. The principal stresses and their directions
3. The maximum shear stresses.

3 February 2018 Mr.G.MANOJ KUMAR AP/MECH 34

 THANK YOU

3 February 2018 Mr.G.MANOJ KUMAR AP/MECH 35