CHAPTER 1

Origin of the Universe

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The study of materials and
processes that operate
beneath and upon Earth's
surface.
Geology
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The study of our Earth.
Earth Science

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 The study of the universe,
planet's origin and members of
solar sytem.

Astronomy
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 Study of composition and
movements of seawater, coastal
processes, seafloor, topography
and marine life.

Oceanography
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Study of atmosphere and
elements that produce
weather.

Meteorology
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 Origin of the Universe
Cosmology - is the study of the universe,
including its properties, structure and evolution.

10-15 billion years ago - the universe began

when the primordial explosion called Big Bang
occured.

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all energy and matter of the universe were compressed into
hot and dense state

big bang

great quantities of helium and hydrogen created

3 millions later huge clouds began to condense

200 million years formation of galaxies

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 Examples of Galaxies

• Milky Way
• Large Magellanic Cloud
• Andromeda
• Cigar Galaxy
• Tadpole Galaxy
• Sombrero Galaxy
• Pinwheel Galaxy

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Universe - derives from the Old French word univers, which
in turn derives from the Latin word universum
is all of space and time (spacetime) and its
contents, which includes planets, moons, minor
planets, stars, galaxies, the contents of intergalactic
space and all matter and energy.
sometime called cosmos

geocentric ---- Nicolaus Copernicus ---- heliocentric mode

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Theories on the Origin of the
Universe
Theories of the Origin of the Universe_low.mp4

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 BIG BANG THEORY
All of the energy and matter of the universe were
compressed into hot and dense state. About 13.7
billion years our universe began as a cataclysmic
explosion, which continued to expand, cool and
evolve its current state. Temperature decreased
sufficiently to allow clumps of matter to collect. these
materials formed the first nebulae, which evolved
into the first stars and galaxies. Our sun and
planetary system formed 5 billion years later.
Stephen Hawking - The Big Bang_low.mp4

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 CREATIONIST THEORY
This theory states that God, the
Supreme Being created the whole universe
out of nothing. The proof can be read in the
Holy Bible stipulating that God created the
heaven and the Earth including man.

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 OSCILLATING UNIVERSE THEORY
• proposed by a Russian-born US cosmologist
GEORGE GAMOW
• he said that the expansion of the universe will
eventually come to a halt then it collapses up
to the time that the universe will return to its
original form and form another Big Bang wil
occur. This process will happen as a cycle.

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 STEADY STATE THEORY
This theory states that the universe
has always been the same since the
beginning and will remain in its present
state until eternity. It further claims that
the new galaxies appear as a result of
the drifting of other galaxies.

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 Our Expanding Universe
The universe is still expanding in a
Doppler red shift in the light we
receive. It shows an icreasing
distance between us and other
galaxies in the universe. It also shows
that the universe is expanding slowly.
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 ASSIGNMENT
Research on the other theories about
the origin of thuniverse. Summarize
their main assumptions.

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THANK YOU :)

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REFERENCES:
• www.google.com
• www.youtube.com
• Salandanan, Gloria G.,Faltado III, Ruben E., and Lopez,
Merle B., Earth and Life Sciences for Senior High School,
2016,Lorimar Publishing, Inc.,pp.4-8