PHINNEY’S MODEL OF ETHNIC

IDENTITY DEVELOPMENT

• Unexamined Ethnic Identity

• During childhood, ethnicity is not given much thought and just understand their ethnic
identity as derived from others.

• Ethnic Identity Search

• Typically occurs during adolescence. An individual is more inclined to question their
understanding of ethnicity. This is usually (not always) prompted by an impactful
experience involving ethnicity (i.e. discrimination). As a result, the individual begins to
do more research on their culture and involves themselves with cultural activities.

• Ethnic Identity Achievement

• Occurs once an individual has come to accept their ethnic identity and have a clear
sense of self. Also an understanding of their ethnic group in a larger social context.