Macroclimate and Microclimate

Make your own charts!

Temperature and Humidity LOW ANNUAL TEMPERATURE FLUCTUATION
HIGH HUMIDITY
HOT AND HUMID CLIMATE

High Temperature (⁰C)

Low Temperature (⁰C)
Average Relative Humidity (%)

• Average minimum temperature – 25.4 ⁰C

• Average maximum temperature – 30.9 ⁰C
• Average humidity – 76.4%

Source: Indian Meteorlogical Department

www.climatetemp.info
DOE (Department of Energy, USA)

Self shading and Green cover Courtyard planning

Rainfall MODERATE RAINFALL

Annual Rainfall (in mm)

• Maximum rainfall in June and from September to

November.
• Wettest month - October
• Average annual rainfall – 1420 mm
Source: Indian Meteorological Department
www.climatetemp.info
DOE (Department of Energy, USA)

Rainwater harvesting
Wind Direction

NE WIND DIRECTION FOR

TIRUCHIRAPALLI:
• The predominant wind direction for
from November to March is from
E W North North East.

• The wind direction changes to West

SE from April to October.
March September
• Wind barriers should be provided on
N the North-West to avoid the hot wind
blowing into the building.

• Natural ventilation should be

W provided in the building in monsoon
season to reduce humidity.

SW
June December

Source: Weather Tool

Since weather file for Tirunelveli is not available,
weather data from the nearest weather station –
Tiruchirapalli - has been used.
Wind Direction NE NE NE

W W W

SW

W W

SW
SW

N N

W
Cloud Cover MODERATE CLOUD COVER

Cloud cover (%)

Average • Average cloud cover – 69.7%

cloud cover

Source: Weather Tool

Since weather file for Tirunelveli is not available,
weather data from the nearest weather station –
Tiruchirapalli - has been used.
 Solar Constant = 1395W/sq m
Global Horizontal Radiation
Source:Manual of tropical Housing and
Building Climatic Design Direct Radiation
Koenigsberger O.H et al Diffused Radiation
http://mnre.gov.in/sec/DNI_Annual.jpg
Incident Solar Radiation = Insolation
Solar Radiation

One sunbeam one mile wide shines

on the ground at a 90° angle, and
another at a 30° angle. The oblique
sunbeam distributes its light energy
over twice as much area.

Source: www.wikipedia.org
Solar Radiation

Month lines

Visual representation of azimuth and altitude

with respect to time of the year and day
Solar Radiation

High altitude

Low altitude
Solar Radiation

Source: GRIHA Manual, Volume 3

Solar Radiation

Source: GRIHA Manual, Volume 3

Solar Radiation
Solar Radiation

Daily Global Radiation for Mumbai