KELOMPOK 2

F E R N A N D O M A N G I N DA N O
HERMAN LUTHER
YOPI
D E N V E R PA L PA G A N
RYA N A L I F
B AY U FA U Z A N
 Definition Separator Separator is a pressurized tube used to
separate the well fluids into water and gas (three phases) or liquids
and gases (two phases), where separation can be done in several ways:
a. The principle of pressure drop.
b. Gravity setlink
c. Turbulence flow or changes in flow direction
d. Solution or collision of fluid
To achieve a stable working efficiency under varying conditions, the liquid
separator gas must have the following separating components:

1. The first part of separator, serves to separate the liquid from the flow of
fluids that enter quickly in the form of oil drops with a large size.

2. The collecting part of the liquid, serves to separate the small liquid drops
with the principle of gravity setlink.

3. The second part of separator, serves to separate the small liquid drops with
the principle of gravity settlink.

4. Mist extractor, serves to separate the very small fluid drops (fog).

5. Control equipment, serves to control the work of separators, especially in

over-pressure conditions.
Type Separator In the petroleum industry there are several types of separator based on form, position and
function.

The type of separator based on shape and position.

a. Upright / vertical separator.

Usually used to separate production fluids having low GLR and / or high solids, these separators have been
cleaned and have large fluid and gas capacity.

b. Flat / horizontal separator

It is good to separate the production fluids that have high GLR and the foaming liquid. Separator is divided into
two types, namely horizontal seprator single tube and horizontal double tube separator. Due to its long shape, the
separator is much of a place and difficult to clean, however most of the separation facilities are offshore using this
separator and for a sand-rich production fluid, the separator is not profitable.

c. Separator round / spherical.

This type of separator has limited gas and surge capacity so it is generally used to separate the production fluids
with small to medium GLR but these separators can work at high pressure. There are two types of round
separators which are two phase and two phase separation types.
Based on the phase separator separator divided into two types, namely:

a. Two-phase separator, separating the dormation fluid into liquid and gas,
the gas comes out from the top while the liquid comes out from below.

b. A three-phase separator, separating formation fluid into oil, water and

gas. Gas out of the top, oil from the middle and water from below.
The advantages and disadvantages of each separator:
a. Vertical Separator
advantages:
· Control of liquid level is not too complicated
· Can bear sand in large quantities
· Easy to clean
· Very little tendency for evaporation from the liquid
· Has a large fluid surge
Disadvantages:
· More expensive
· The parts are more difficult to ship (delivery)
· Requires a larger diameter for a given gas capacity
b. Horizontal Separator
The advantages:
· Cheaper than vertical separator
· Easier delivery of parts
· Good for foaming oil (foaming)
· More economical and efficient to process larger gas volumes
· Wider for setting when there are two liquid phases
Disadvantages:
· Fluid level control is more complicated than vertical separator
· Difficult in cleaning Mud, sand, paraffin
· Smaller diameter for specific gas capacity
c. Separator Spherical

The advantages:

· Cheapest of both types above

· Easier to dry and clean than vertical separator, more compact than
others

Disadvantages:

· Complex fluid control

· Has a smaller separation space and surge capacity

Type of separator by function.

Based on its function or type of use, separator can be distinguished on:

gas scrubber, knock-out flash-chamber, expansion vessales, chemical
electric and filters.

a. Gas scrubber.
This type is designed to separate the liquid granules which are still
separated from first-stage separation gases, hence they are placed after the
separator, or before the dehydrator, extraction plant or compressor to
prevent ingress of liquids into the apparatus.
b. Knock-out

This type can be divided into two, namely free water knock-out
(FWK0) used to separate free water from liquid hydrocarbons and
total liquid knock-out (TLKO) used to separate liquids from high
pressure gas stream (> 125 psi)

c. Flash chamber.

This tool is used in the entangjut stage of the flash separation process
(flash) of the separator. The flash chamber is used as a second, level
and designed to work at low pressure (> 125 psi)
d. Expansion vessel.

This tool is used for the development process at a low temperature

separation designed to accommodate the hydrate gas formed in the
cooling process and has a working pressure of 100-1300 psi.

e. Chemical electric.

It is an advanced type of separator for separating water from electro-

level separated liquids (using a cathode anode prism) and generally to
facilitate separation.