Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
Dennis Hagarty
Implementation Practice
31 August 2006
Introduction to Sigtran
SCCP and SUA detailed information
Configuring ITP Sigtran and GTT Features
M3UA, SUA configuration
MTP3 routing and Global Title Translation
IP Network Design
Putting it all together into a configuration
Telnet, FTP,
POP3
TCP/UDP/SCTP
IP
Ethernet
Twisted Pair
Outline an ITP.
Remember, we said, an ITP is:
Cisco multifunction router
Operating system (IOS)
Port (Interface) cards
Software makes the “system”
So, this is why we did the overview of IOS, but before we get
onto configuration, some highlights of the ITP range…
# of
# of SUA &
Dual Power / ATM Max # of
T1/E1 M2PA MSU
Dual CPU HSL C7 Links
ports per Sec.
Links
2651XM
One NM
Two WIC cards
2 Fast Ethernet
40 K PPS
64MB/128MB DRAM
16MB/48MB Flash
External redundant power
Two x Dual-Port Multiflex
E1 cards
VWIC-2MFT-E1
NPE-400 Processor
CPU Processor
350-MHz RM7000A RISC
4MB L3 cache
128MB/512MB DRAM
64MB/256MB Flash
ECC support
7301
Single Slot for 8 Port E1
One RU form factor
Three FE/GE LAN ports
900 K PPS
VIP4-80 / VIP6-80
RSP8 / RSP16 Increase Performance
Second RSP for HA (RPR+)
PA-MCX-8TE1-M (LSL)
2 Power Supplies
PA-A3-8E1IMA (HSL)
for Redundancy
PA-2FE-TX (Ethernet)
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 12 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
ITP Platforms: 7500 VIP Cards
VIPs can take 2 port adapters with either IP or SS7 media cards
Lots of CPU intensive processing is pushed down to the VIP.
PA-MCX-8TE1-M
T1/E1 SS7 Link Port Adapter for
Cisco’s IP Transfer Point (ITP)
Supports up to 126 MTP2
signalling links over 8 ports of
T1/E1
Minimum HW Requirements
7507 or 7513: RSP8, RSP16, VIP4-
80, or VIP6-80
7204/7206 VXR NPE 400, or G1
7301
PA-2FE-TX
Two FE Slots per PA
PA-A3-8E1IMA
T1/E1 SS7 Link Port Adapter for
Cisco’s IP Transfer Point (ITP)
Supports up to 8 ATM AAL5
signalling links over 8 ports of
T1/E1
SSCF and SSCOP run on VIP
Minimum HW Requirements
7507 or 7513: RSP16
7507 or 7513: VIP6-80
7301
Backup RSP
Primary RSP
GTT SUA
GTT SCCP MTP3 Mgmt RSP
SCCPSCCP MTP3MTP3
MTP3
Routing
Routing
Mgmt M3UA
SS7 LSL SS7 LSL SS7 HSL SS7 HSL Ethernet Ethernet Ethernet Ethernet
PA PA PA PA PA IP PA
PA PA PA
Adds
Performance Non Disruptive Upgrade (NDU)
30+ Mpps to Non-Stop
30+ Mpps Operations30+Mpps
30+ Mpps (NSO)
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 18 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
7600 Architecture
Backup SUP
Primary SUP
SCCP Mgmt
MTP3 route mgmt MTP3 Mgmt xUA Route mgmt xUA Mgmt
ATM AAL5 IP IP IP IP
SS7 LSL PA SS7 HSL PA SS7 LSL PA Ethernet PA Ethernet PA Ethernet PA Ethernet PA SS7 LSL PA
Slots 4 6 9 13
Protocol Specification
High-speed links
ITU-T Q703 Annex A, White 1996 (inter-works with Blue)
(unchannelised)
SUA IETF RFC 3868: Sigtran SS7 SCCP-User Adaptation Layer (SUA)
What is it?
“Does SS7 stuff!”
What Functions is it used for?
Traditional STP
Next Generation Signalling Transport
SS7oIP backhaul
SS7 over High Speed Links
QoS over IP infrastructure
Signalling gateway
SMS Offload (MLR = Multi-layer Routing)
RADIUS to MAP Authentication
Why reasons would a carrier use it?
SS7oIP savings over TDM circuits
$$$$$
MSC Linkset
Legacy STP
Cisco
ITP
SEP Site
Classical SS7 Transport Network SEP Site
MSC
STP STP
STP STP
SMSC
AAA for
WLAN HLR
or
Next Generation SCP
Signalling Transport
ITP ITP
ITP ITP SGSN
Softswitch
SCCP SCCP
GTT GTT
SSCF-NNI
MTP2 MTP2 MTP2 SS7 Layer
SCCOP 1 and 2
transport
MTP1 MTP1 MTP1 AAL5
T1 or E1 T1 or E1
MSC
SMSC
ITP ITP
SS7 IP SS7
SS7 SS7
SCCP SCCP
Appl GTT GTT Appl
M2PA M2PA
MTP2 MTP2 Peer MTP2 MTP2
SCTP SCTP
Transport
MTP1 MTP1 IP IP MTP1 MTP1
MTP3
MSU+ FISU MSU M3UA M3UA
M3UA SG MTP3 SCTP
User User / IP SEP
IP
SEP SS7 SG SEP
TDM
MSU1
Available Bandwidth
for Other MSU Transport
0.4 Erlang
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 32 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
ITP Next-Gen Signalling Transport: SS7 over IP (cont)
IP Packet Header
TOS Protocol Type Source Destination Source/Destn
IP
Core Router
IP Core
SS7 / MTP Sigtran / IP Network
ITP
T1 / E1
IP Prec = 1 ISUP Traffic: SI=5
MSC
IP Prec=5 SCCP (SMS) Traffic
T1 / E1 SI=3
SMSC
MAP MAP
TCAP GTT N
SCCP I SUA TCAP
SCCP F
MTP3 SUA
MTP3
SCTP IP SCTP
MTP2
MTP2 Network
MTP1 IP
MTP1 IP
SS7 SCTP/IP
SEP ITP ASP
MTP3 MTP3 I
F
M3UA M3UA
MTP2 SCTP IP SCTP
MTP2
Network
MTP1 MTP1 IP IP
Charge for Gateway Screening Separate feature card required Part of base product
Introduction to Sigtran
SCCP and SUA detailed information
Configuring ITP Sigtran and GTT Features
M3UA, SUA configuration
MTP3 Routing and Global Title Translation
IP Network Design
Putting it all together into a configuration
Variant
itp(config)# cs7 variant <ansi | itu | china>
itp(config)# cs7 variant itu
Point Codes
itp(config)# cs7 point-code format <bits1> <bits2> <bits3>
itp(config)# cs7 point-code <pc>
itp(config)# cs7 secondary-pc <pc>
itp(config)# cs7 capability-pc <pc>
Network Indicator
itp(config)# cs7 network-indicator
{international |national | reserved | spare}
show cs7
itp# show cs7
Point Code 1002
SS7 Variant ITU
Network Indicator national
Secondary Point Code 2000
Total Linksets 3
Available Linksets 1
Total Links 3
show running-config
Card Type
itp (config) # card type e1 slot (bay/slot on the 7500)
T1/E1 Clocking and framing/line code
itp(config)# controller e1 <slot>/<bay>/<port>
itp(config-contr)# clock source line primary/secondary
itp(config-contr)# clock source internal
For Framing
ITP(config-controller)# framing {crc4 | no-crc4}
For linecode
ITP(config-controller)# linecode {ami | hdb3}
ITP(config-controller)# cablelength long [gain26 | gain36] [0db | -
7.5db | -15db | -22.5db
Card Type
itp (config) # interface ATM slot/port/bay (on the 7500)
For Framing
ITP (config-if)# framing {crc4adm}
There are very few options here – just set them and forget them
itp# (continued…)
Last input 00:00:01, output 00:00:01, output hang never
Last clearing of "show interface" counters 6w2d
Input queue: 0/75/0/0 (size/max/drops/flushes); Total output drops: 0
Queueing strategy: fifo
Output queue: 0/64 (size/max)
5 minute input rate 1000 bits/sec, 19 packets/sec
5 minute output rate 1000 bits/sec, 19 packets/sec
75070456 packets input, 758178504 bytes, 0 no buffer
Received 0 broadcasts (0 IP multicast)
0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles
0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort
74995770 packets output, 748549372 bytes, 0 underruns
0 output errors, 0 collisions, 0 interface resets
0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out
All these counters should be zero, except packets and bytes in/out
(continued…)
Current Retry Count = 0, Maximum Retry Count = 10
AckQ count = 0, RcvQ count = 0, TxQ count = 0
AckQ HWM = 43, RcvQ HWM = 0, TxQ HWM = 94
Local connections currently pending = 0
Max local connections allowed pending = 0
Statistics -
Pdu's Sent = 16129, Pdu's Received = 25205, Pdu's Ignored = 0
Begin = 3/2, Begin Ack = 0/2, Begin Reject = 2/1
End = 0/0, End Ack = 0/0
Resync = 0/0, Resync Ack = 0/0
Sequenced Data = 29584/20508, Sequenced Poll Data = 0/0
Poll = 45799/15353, Stat = 15353/45799, Unsolicited Stat = 0/0
Unassured Data = 0/0, Mgmt Data = 0/0, Unknown Pdu's = 0
Error Recovery/Ack = 0/0, lack of credit 0
(continued…)
SSCF-NNI Most Recent SSCOP-UU values:
Local Proving Status= 5 Local Release Status= 7
Remote Proving Status= 5 Remote Release Status= 1
SSCF-NNI Statistics:
MSUs Sent = 217243, MSUs Received = 291745, MSUs Ignored = 0
LSSUs Sent = 2, LSSUs Received = 2, LSSUs Ignored = 0
Bytes Sent = 3161192, Bytes Received = 5138765
4904 4912
SLC 0 serial0/0:0
ITP
MSC
Linkset
4904 4912
SLC 0 atm4/0/0
serial5/0/0:1 ITP
MSC SLC 1
Linkset
ITP
Remote
SP
ITP ITP
To enable/disable a link :
itp(config)# cs7 linkset <ls-name>
itp(config-ls)# link <slc>
itp(config-ls-link)# [no] shutdown
To disable a linkset :
itp(config)# cs7 linkset <ls-name>
itp(config-ls)# [no] shutdown
To disable a controller :
itp(config-controller)# shutdown
Specifies the local peer and puts you in local-peer sub mode.
Configures the IP address for this local peer instance.
Additional backup IP addresses for this local end-point can be
specified for alternate routing.
1111 2222
10.0.0.1 20.0.0.1
ITP ITP
local-peer 7000 local-peer 7000
local-ip 10.0.0.1 local-ip 20.0.0.1
1111 2222
10.0.0.1 20.0.0.1
link 0
ITP ITP
3333 IP Cloud 1
4444
10.120.122.6 10.120.122.22
ITP 10.120.123.6
ITP
10.120.123.22
IP Cloud 2
3333 4444
link 0
ITP ITP
cs7 linkset ITP1-ITP2 4444 cs7 linkset ITP2-ITP1 3333
link 0 sctp 10.120.122.22 \ link 0 sctp 10.120.122.6 \
10.120.123.22 7000 7000 10.120.123.6 7000 7000
ITP ITP
10.120.123.6 10.120.123.22
ACTIVE IP CONNECTION
BACKUP IP CONNECTION
M2PA commands
M3UA commands
Peer, mated SG and SGMP commands
SUA (AS and ASP) commands
MTP3 Routing
Global Titles
Debug commands
Troubleshooting
Introduction to Sigtran
SCCP and SUA detailed information
Configuring ITP Sigtran and GTT Features
M3UA, SUA configuration
MTP3 Routing and Global Title Translation
IP Network Design
Putting it all together into a configuration
What is it?
A set of IETF Standards to run signalling over IP networks
Not more than one in 1010 of all message signal units must
contain an error that is undetected by the MTP.
Not more than one in 107 messages will be lost due to failure in
the MTP.
The availability of any signalling communication path between
two SEPs has to be at least 0.99998 corresponding to a downtime
of at most 10 minutes/year.
Not more than one in 1010 messages will be delivered out-of-
sequence to the User Parts due to failure in the MTP. This value
also includes duplication of messages.
In addition there are requirements on message transfer times in
STPs, which under normal conditions are supposed to be less
than 100 mSec, and implicit requirements on limits for the
outgoing queuing delays.
Message length (payload accepted from SS7 user parts)
272 bytes for narrowband SS7, 4091 bytes for broadband SS7
M2PA is a
way to
“bridge”
MTP3 over
IP
SSP SSP
ISUP/SCCP/TCAP/MAP
MTP3 MTP3
M2PA M2PA
SCTP SCTP
IP IP
M3UA is for
USERS of
MTP3!!
SSP V.SSP
ISUP
Hughes
MTP3 M3UA
Legacy M3UA
and
MTP2 SCTP
SCTP
MTP1 IP Sun IP
Cisco ITP
SUA is for
USERS of
SCCP!!
MSC UAS
SCCP
GTT
Hughes
MTP3 SUA
SUA
Legacy
and
MTP2 SCTP
SCTP
MTP1 IP Sun IP
Cisco ITP
Cisco IOS
SCCP
GTT
AAL5 MTP1 IP
M3UA SUA
Advantages Advantages
ISUP, TUP, SCCP access Simple for SCCP access only
SG performs standard GTT IP service end node does not need
to implement a SS7 layer 3
Disadvantages adaptation routing protocol
MTP3 to M3UA mapping can be
more CPU intensive than MTP3 Disadvantages
routing No ability to participate in ISUP
NIF is implementation dependent flows
(undocumented) and could make GTT is adapted within SUA protocol
interoperability challenging which is still being discussed in the
Designed for IP service end nodes standards group
that do not perform STP MTP3
function
MSC SCP
SCCP SCCP
MTP2 MTP2
MTP1 MTP1
MSC UAS
SCCP
SCCP GTT
SUA Hughes
MTP3 / MTP3b
xUA
MTP3 M3UA
and
M2PA
SSCF-NNI SCTP
MTP2
MTP2
SCTP
SCCOP
Cisco ITP
Introduction to Sigtran
SCCP and SUA detailed information
Configuring ITP Sigtran and GTT Features
M3UA, SUA configuration
MTP3 Routing and Global Title Translation
IP Network Design
Putting it all together into a configuration
Groan…
The most important thing to get out of this is:
There are UDT, XUDT packet formats (amongst others)
XUDT has HOPCOUNT and SEGMENTATION parameters
There is Class 0 and 1 connectionless traffic
The format is complicated (don’t try to decode on paper)
Routing, GTT (covered more in the SUA section)
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
/ Destination Address /
\ \
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Tag = 0x0116 | Length |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Sequence Control |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Tag = 0x0101 | Length |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| SS7 Hop Count |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Tag = 0x0113 | Length |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Importance |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Tag = 0x0114 | Length |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Message Priority |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Tag = 0x0013 | Length |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Correlation ID |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Tag = 0x0117 | Length |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Segmentation |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Tag = 0x010b | Length |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
/ Data /
\ \
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
Routing Indicator
The following values are valid for the routing indicator:
Reserved 0
Route on Global Title 1
Route on SSN + PC 2
Route on Hostname 3
Route on SSN + IP Address 4
The remaining bits are spare and SHOULD be coded zero, and
MUST be ignored by the receiver.
The ADDRESS indicator determines which address parameters
need to be present in the address parameters field.
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 100 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
SUA Message Formats-S/D Address-Global Title 1/5
Global Title
0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Tag = 0x8001 | Length |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Reserved | GTI |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| No. Digits | Trans. type | Num. Plan | Nature of Add |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
/ Global Title Digits /
\ \
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
Number of Digits:
This is the number of digits contained in the Global Title.
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 101 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
SUA Message Formats-S/D Address-Global Title 2/5
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 102 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
SUA Message Formats-S/D Address-Global Title 3/5
Numbering Plan:
0 unknown
1 ISDN/telephony numbering plan (E.163 and E.164)
2 generic numbering plan
3 data numbering plan (Recommendation X.121)
4 telex numbering plan (Recommendation F.69)
5 maritime mobile numbering plan (E.210, E.211)
6 land mobile numbering plan (E.212)
7 ISDN/mobile numbering plan (E.214)
8 – 13 spare
14 private network or network-specific numbering plan
15 - 126 spare
127 reserved.
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 103 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
SUA Message Formats-S/D Address-Global Title 4/5
Translation type:
0 Unknown
1 – 63 International services
64 – 127 Spare
128 – 254 National network specific
255 Reserved
Nature of Address:
0 unknown
1 subscriber number
2 reserved for national use
3 national significant number
4 international number
5 – 255 Spare
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 104 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
SUA Message Formats-S/D Address-Global Title 5/5
Global Title:
Octets contain a number of address signals and possibly filler as shown:
0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|2 addr.|1 addr.|4 addr.|3 addr.|6 addr.|5 addr.|8 addr.|7 addr.|
| sig. | sig. | sig. | sig. | sig. | sig. | sig. | sig. |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| ............. |filler |N addr.| filler |
| |if req | sig. | |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 105 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
SUA Message Formats-S/D PC and SSN
Point Code
0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Tag = 0x8002 | Length = 8 |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Point Code |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
Subsystem Number
0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Tag = 0x8003 | Length = 8 |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Reserved | SSN value |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 106 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
SUA Message Formats-S/D-SSN Values
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 107 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
SUA Protocol Parameters
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 108 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
SUA Header Output from ITP Debug 1/2
CS7 XUA PACKET SENT TO GS-UAS2-ASP: Message: Class = CONNECTIONLESS, Type = CLDT,
Length = 300
Parameter: Tag = ROUTING CONTEXT, Length = 8
Value = 0x000000C8
Parameter: Tag = PROTOCOL CLASS, Length = 8
Value = 0x00000001
Parameter: Tag = SEQUENCE CONTROL, Length = 8
Value = 0x00000007
Parameter: Tag = SOURCE ADDRESS, Length = 36
Value = 0x00010005 0x80030008 0x00000092 0x80010012
0x00000004 0x0C000104 0x19895300 0x50550000
Parameter: Tag = DESTINATION ADDRESS, Length = 44
Value = 0x00020005 0x80030008 0x00000092 0x80020008
0x000020F4 0x80010012 0x00000004 0x0C000104
0x19895300 0x42000000
Parameter: Tag = MESSAGE PRIORITY, Length = 8
Value = 0x00000000
Parameter: Tag = DATA, Length = 177
Value = 0x6281AA48 0x04D50001 0xB86B1E28 0x1C060700 (etc etc)
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 109 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
SUA Header Output from ITP Debug 2/2
CS7 XUA PACKET RECEIVED FROM GS-UAS2-ASP: Message: Class = CONNECTIONLESS, Type =
CLDT, Length = 320
Parameter: Tag = ROUTING CONTEXT, Length = 8
Value = 0x000000C8
Parameter: Tag = PROTOCOL CLASS, Length = 8
Value = 0x00000081
Parameter: Tag = SOURCE ADDRESS, Length = 36
Value = 0x00010005 0x80030008 0x00000092 0x80010014
0x00000004 0x0C000104 0x19895300 0x42000000
Parameter: Tag = DESTINATION ADDRESS, Length = 44
Value = 0x00010007 0x80020008 0x000020F8 0x80030008
0x00000092 0x80010014 0x00000004 0x0C000104
0x19895300 0x50550000
Parameter: Tag = SEQUENCE CONTROL, Length = 8
Value = 0x00000000
Parameter: Tag = DATA, Length = 208
Value = 0x6581C948 0x0400007F 0xD24904D5 0x0001B86B
0x2A282806 0x07001186 0x05010101 0xA01D611B (etc etc)
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 110 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
SCCP Message Formats-Source/Destination Address
8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Nat/Intnl Routing Point Subsystem
Indicator Indicator Global Title Indicator Code Number Bit
Indicator Indicator
OCTET Pos
Subsystem Number
Signaling Point Code
Global Title
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 111 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
SUA Management Message Mapping
* SPMC – signalling Point Management Cluster (Group of AS’s sharing a single PC).
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 112 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
With this knowledge, we’re off…
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 113 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Agenda
Introduction to Sigtran
SCCP and SUA detailed information
Configuring ITP Sigtran and GTT Features
M3UA, SUA configuration
Global Title Translation
IP Network Design
Putting it all together into a configuration
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 114 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Configuring ITP Sigtran Features
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 115 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
ITP Command Set Categories
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 116 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
M2PA Overview
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 117 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
M2PA Linksets: Disabling and Enabling
To enable/disable a link :
itp(config)# cs7 linkset <ls-name>
itp(config-ls)# link <slc>
itp(config-ls-link)# [no] shutdown
To disable a linkset :
itp(config)# cs7 linkset <ls-name>
itp(config-ls)# [no] shutdown
To disable a controller :
itp(config-controller)# shutdown
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 118 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
IP Based Linkset: Linkset with SCTP Multihoming
3333 4444
link 0
ITP ITP
cs7 linkset ITP1-ITP2 4444 cs7 linkset ITP2-ITP1 3333
link 0 sctp 10.120.122.22 \ link 0 sctp 10.120.122.6 \
10.120.123.22 7000 7000 10.120.123.6 7000 7000
ITP ITP
10.120.123.6 10.120.123.22
ACTIVE IP CONNECTION
BACKUP IP CONNECTION
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 119 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
M2PA: Useful Commands
Useful Commands
show cs7 linkset
show cs7 m2pa state <linkset-name>
show cs7 m2pa peer <linkset-name> [SLC]
show ip sctp association statistics <instance>
show ip sctp association parameters <instance>
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 120 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
SUA/M3UA Overview
AS and ASP
Routing Key
Traffic Modes
SUA/M3UA Point Codes
SUA/M3UA Example Scenarios
SUA/M3UA Monitoring
NB: More and more companies now provide M3UA based element
such as HLRs and SMS-Cs.
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 121 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
SUA/M3UA: AS and ASP
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 122 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
SUA/M3UA: Routing Key
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 123 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
SUA/M3UA: Point Codes
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 124 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
SUA/M3UA: Traffic Modes
Override
One Active ASP in an AS. One ASP takes over all traffic for an AS
(primary/backup operation), possibly overriding any currently active
ASP in the AS.
Fail-over to backup ASP.
Loadshare
Traffic shared among all Active ASP’s within an AS.
Algorithm is one of:
bindings - SLS-based load share (default)
Round robin – distributed equally amongst the ASP in the AS
Weighted Round Robin – distributed in a weighted fashion
Broadcast
Traffic sent to all Active ASP’s within an AS.
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 125 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Traffic Mode Broadcast
ASPB
STP
ACTIVE
ASPC
ACTIVE
AS Blue
Routing Key = DPC 2109, SI SCCP
ASP List = ASPA, ASPB, ASPC
Traffic Mode = Broadcast
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 126 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Traffic Mode Override
ASPB
STP
INACTIVE
ASPC
INACTIVE
AS Blue
Routing Key = DPC 2109, SI SCCP
ASP List = ASPA, ASPB, ASPC
Traffic Mode = Override
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 127 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
CDMA Override Example
CDMA-Prod-01
ITP02-ITP01
S
0 1M U
A -PC
1 ITP
A S1
M UUA
M S2
1I UA -P
TP
02 S2 C1
FD -P (In
B S1 C2 ac
(A tiv
c e)
UAS2-P tiv
STP M1ITP02MUMS1 C1 (Ina CDMA-Prod-02
ctive) e)
U AS 2
Prod-ITP2 -PC2
Mumbai STP ( Activ
PC = 8440 e)
PC = 9024
FW-UAS03
Primary PC = 8432
Secondary PC = 8431
SSN = 14
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 128 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
CDMA Override Example (Failure)
CDMA-Prod-01
ITP02-ITP01
1M AS C
0 U 1 -P
TP
1 I AS
M UUA
M S2
1I UA
TP -P
02 S2 C1
FD -P (A
B S1 C2 ct
(A iv
c e)
UAS2-P tiv CDMA-Prod-02
STP M1ITP02MUMS1 C1 (Ac
tive) e)
U AS 2
Prod-ITP2 -PC2
Mumbai STP ( Activ
PC = 8440 e)
PC = 9024
FW-UAS03
Primary PC = 8432
Secondary PC = 8431
SSN = 14
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 129 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Traffic Mode Loadshare (Bindings)
1, 4,
ASPB
STP
ACTIVE
2, 5,
ASPC
ACTIVE
AS Blue
Routing Key = DPC 2109, SI SCCP
ASP List = ASPA, ASPB, ASPC
Traffic Mode = loadshare bindings
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 130 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Traffic Mode Loadshare (Round Robin)
ASPB
ACTIVE STP
packet
ASPC
ACTIVE
AS Blue
Routing Key = DPC 2109, SI SCCP
ASP List = ASPA, ASPB, ASPC
Traffic Mode = loadshare roundrobin
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 131 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Traffic Mode Loadshare (Weighted Round Robin)
30%
ASPB
STP
ACTIVE
20%
ASPC
ACTIVE
AS Blue
Routing Key = DPC 2109, SI SCCP
ASP List = ASPA, ASPB, ASPC
Traffic Mode = loadshare roundrobin weighted
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 132 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Loadshare Example
GS-UAS01
e )
STP M1ITP01KOLS1 iv
c t Voice/SMS/USSD
(A PC = 8435
1
D S1 AS
U
HY S-
ITP02-ITP01
P01 G
1I
T G
M S- Camel Voice
UA
M S2 SSN = 146
1I
TP (A
02 ct
KO iv
LS e)
1
GS-UA GS-UAS02
STP M1ITP02HYDS1 S2 (Ac
tive)
Voice/SMS/USSD
PC = 8435
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 133 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
SUA/M3UA: Loadshare 1/2
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 134 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
SUA/M3UA: Loadshare 2/2
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 135 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Load-Sharing Summary
SCCP SCCP
Class 0 Class1
Traffic Other
Mode Tools
SCCP Distribute SCCP Distribute Always
Un-sequenced off Un-sequenced on Sequenced
Loadshare
None SLS Round Robin SLS
Bindings
Loadshare
None Round Robin Round Robin SLS
round robin
Loadshare
Weighted Round Weighted Round Weighted Round
weighted None
Robin Robin Robin and SLS
round robin
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 136 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
SUA: Example Scenario
ASPB AS GREEN
ACTIVE STP
AS Blue
Routing Key = DPC 2109, SI SCCP
ASPC ASP List = ASPA, ASPB, ASPC
INACTIVE Traffic Mode = Loadshare
AS Green
Routing Key = DPC 2109, SI SCCP
ASP List = ASPB, ASPC
Traffic Mode = Override
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 137 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
SUA: Example Scenario
ASPB AS GREEN
ACTIVE/STANDBY STP
AS Blue
Routing Key = DPC 2109, SI ISUP
ASPC ASP List = ASPA, ASPB, ASPC
OVERRIDE Traffic Mode = Loadshare
AS Green
Routing Key = DPC 2109, SI SCCP
ASP List = ASPC, ASPB
Traffic Mode = Override
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 138 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Loadshare Example (Voice and SMS)
GS-UAS01
S 1 (A ctive) e)
STP M1ITP01KOLS1 GS-SM ct
iv
) Voice/SMS/USSD
(A tive PC = 8435
1 c
AS
1 (A
DS U 1
Y
S-
ITP02-ITP01
H S
01 G S M Camel Voice
TP G -
1I S- GS SSN = 146
M UA
M S2
1I
TP (A MAP SMS
02 ct
KO iv SSN = 8
G e)
LS S-
1 SM
GS-UAS S
STP M1ITP02HYDS1 2 (Activ 2 (A GS-UAS02
e) c
tiv
GS-S e)
Prod-ITP2 MS2
Hyderabad STP (Acti
PC = 8440 ve )
PC = 320
FW-UAS03
Voice/SMS/USSD
PC = 8435
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 139 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Loadshare Failover (Voice + SMS)
GS-UAS01
Voice/SMS/USSD
PC = 8435
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 140 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
M3UA: Define Local Peer
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 141 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
M3UA: Monitoring
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 142 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
SUA Overview
MAP IS-41
MAP IS-41
TCAP
TCAP SCCP
SUA MTP3
SCTP Signalling MTP2
IP Gateway MTP1
SCCP
SUA
IP MTP3 SS7
Network Network
SCTP MTP2
IP MTP1
SCCP messages SCCP messages
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 144 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
SUA: Monitoring
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 145 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
M3UA and SUA Common Commands
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 146 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
AS and ASP Commands: Defining an ASP
Allows a new SCTP association with this ASP, but doesn't let it
become active. If block is set while the ASP is active, it is forced
inactive but the association remains up
itp(config-cs7-asp)# block
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 147 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
AS and ASP Commands: Defining an AS
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 148 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
AS and ASP Commands: Managing an ASP for an AS
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 149 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
SUA: Verify Status
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 150 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Mated SG and SGMP Overview
Mated-pair SG
ASP can have Active association with multiple SGs.
If an ASP has an Active association with an SG it is assumed to be
available for traffic.
Can be primary/backup model or load-share model.
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 151 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Mated SG and SGMP Commands
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 152 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Agenda
Introduction to Sigtran
SCCP and SUA detailed information
Configuring ITP Sigtran and GTT Features
M3UA, SUA configuration
MTP3 Routing and Global Title Translation
IP Network Design
Putting it all together into a configuration
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 153 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
ITP Command Set Categories
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 154 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
MTP3 Routing
Routes are based on DPC (Destination Point Code) and are used to choose
which linkset the MSU is forwarded out via system routing table
Routes have priorities 1 through 9 (priority 1 is most preferred)
Complete support for all ITU, ANSI, China MTP3 Routing & Traffic
Management Procedures
TFR/TFA/TFP/TFC
Forced and Controlled Rerouting
Change-Over and Change-Back
MTP3 Accounting
Per Linkset measurements inbound & outbound (Total MSUs & Total Bytes)
Recorded based on DPC, OPC & SI (gateway screening accounting also)
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 155 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
MTP3 Routing (continued)
Summary Routing
Allows summarization of large scale routing tables based on a point code
hierarchy
Basically allows you to route all point codes that begin with common
numbers to a given destination
Comparable to variable length subnet masking (VLSM) in the IP world
Dual-Point Codes
Allows ITP to be assigned a secondary point code for establishment of an
additional linkset between the ITP & an adjacent node
Doubles the capacity between edge node & ITP from 16 links (SS7
limitation) to 32 links.
One method of working around bandwidth limitations to SEP nodes (ITP
provides several methods: HSL, M3UA, SUA)
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 156 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
MTP3 Routing: Route Commands
To add a route to the Cisco ITP route table, use the following
command in global configuration mode:
itp(config)# cs7 route-table system
itp(config-cs7-rt)# update route point-code [mask | length] linkset
ls-name [priority priority-value 1 ] [qos-class class]
Note. The smaller the number, the higher the priority.
itp# show cs7 route (or show cs7 route detail or show cs7 route P/C)
Routing table = system
Destination Prio Linkset Name Route
-------------------- ---- ------------------- -------
4904/14 RESTR 1 itp1-msc1 UNAVAIL
5 itp1-itp2 avail
4905/14 acces 1 itp1-msc2 avail
5 itp1-itp2 UNAVAIL
4700/14 acces 1 itp1-msc1 avail
5 itp1-itp2 avail
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 157 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
MTP3 Rerouting with Sigtran Reliability
Resilience Hierarchy
MTP
SCTP Multi-Homing
IP Routing IP Routing
Level 1: IP
• IP routing protocols can detect path outages and re-route (e.g. HSRP, etc).
Level 2: SCTP
• When SCTP Multi-homing detects unresponsiveness in the current IP path, it changes
the IP path used for the session by changing the source and/or destination IP address
of the session. During this process, the SCTP session remains active and MTP3 is
unaware of the path change.
Level 3: MTP
• If SCTP/IP can not correct the issue, MTP3 is notified to initiate standard MTP3
rerouting procedures
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 158 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
MTP3 Accounting
Linkset = ‘itp1-msc2’
Destination Originating Service Input Output
Point Code Point Code Indicator Packets Bytes Packets Bytes
----------- ----------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
4905 4912 8 0 0 1 25
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 159 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
MTP3 Checkpoint Accounting
Linkset = 'itp1-msc1'
Destination Originating Service Input Output
Point Code Point Code Indicator Packets Bytes Packets Bytes
----------- ----------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Destination Originating Service Input Output
Point Code Point Code Indicator Packets Bytes Packets Bytes
----------- ----------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
4913 4912 0 24254 291031 0 0
4904 4912 2 72694 872328 0 0
4913 4904 0 0 0 25 271
4904 4913 2 0 0 72694 872328
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 160 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Configuring SCCP and GTT
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 161 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Global Title Commands
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 162 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
SCCP versus MTP3 Routing Headers
MTP2
Service
Information
Signalling Information Field MTP2
MSU
3 3 1 1 3 2 2 252
^
^
# of Bytes 1
^
^
1 n
Routing Label
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 163 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Global Title: Called Party Address
8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Nat/Intnl Routing Point Subsystem
Indicator Indicator Global Title Indicator Code Number Bit
Indicator Indicator
OCTET Pos
Subsystem Number
Signalling Point Code
Global Title
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 164 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Global Title: Intermediate versus Final
Intermediate Final
GTT DPC = ITP2 GTT DPC = UAS
DPC = ITP1
RI = GT RI = GT RI = PC/SSN
MSC
UAS
ITP ITP
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 165 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Global Title Indicator
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 166 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Numbering Plan
Numbering Plan:
0 unknown
1 ISDN/telephony numbering plan (E.163 and E.164)
2 generic numbering plan
3 data numbering plan (Recommendation X.121)
4 telex numbering plan (Recommendation F.69)
5 maritime mobile numbering plan (E.210, E.211)
6 land mobile numbering plan (E.212)
7 ISDN/mobile numbering plan (E.214)
8 – 13 spare
14 private network or network-specific numbering plan
15 - 126 spare
127 reserved.
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 167 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Translation Type and Nature of Address
Translation type:
0 Unknown
1 – 63 International services
64 – 127 Spare
128 – 254 National network specific
255 Reserved
Nature of Address Indicator:
0 unknown
1 subscriber number
2 reserved for national use
3 national significant number
4 international number
5 – 255 Spare
NOTE: NAI in SCCP HEADER IS NOT THE SAME AS IN MAP or TON!!
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 168 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Global Title: What is a GTA?
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 169 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Global Title: Commands
For final GTT, the ITP NEEDS to be aware of the status of the PC
and SSN that results from the GTT (we cover this soon)
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 170 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Global Title: File Commands
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 171 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Global Title: Monitoring
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 172 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Global Title: Application Groups
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 173 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Application Groups: Multiplicity Cost
Point Code 2
Intermediate:
ITP
Incoming Traffic GTT
Intermediate STP MTP
3 Li
Co st = 1 nks
e t
MTP3 Linkset
PC 1
STP Cost = 2
set
3 Link
MTP
STP
PC 2
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 174 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Application Groups: Multiplicity Share
Point Code 2
Intermediate:
ITP
Incoming Traffic GTT
Intermediate STP MTP
3 Li
50% nks
e t
MTP3 Linkset
PC 1
STP 50% set
3 Link
MTP
STP
PC 2
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 175 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Global Title: Load Share Application Groups
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 176 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Load-Sharing Summary
SCCP SCCP
Class 0 Class1
Traffic Other
Mode Tools
SCCP Distribute SCCP Distribute Always
Un-sequenced off Un-sequenced on Sequenced
Loadshare
None SLS Round Robin SLS
Bindings
Loadshare
None Round Robin Round Robin SLS
round robin
Loadshare
Weighted Round Weighted Round Weighted Round
weighted None
Robin Robin Robin and SLS
round robin
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 177 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Global Title: Monitoring GTT Application Groups
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 178 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Global Title: Mated Application Entries
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 179 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Global Title: Mated Application Commands
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 180 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Global Title: Mated Application Entries
The concerned PC list will show which machines will get updates
on the change in status of the destination point code:
cs7 gtt concern-pclist CPC-LIST-1 320
cs7 gtt concern-pclist CPC-LIST-1 321
cs7 gtt concern-pclist CPC-LIST-1 4416
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 181 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Global Title: Monitoring Statistics
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 182 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
ITP Command Set Categories
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 183 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Debug Commands
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 184 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Agenda
Introduction to Sigtran
SCCP and SUA detailed information
Configuring ITP Sigtran and GTT Features
M3UA, SUA configuration
MTP3 Routing and Global Title Translation
IP Network Design
Putting it all together into a configuration
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 185 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Network Designs
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 186 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Network Design to Support eSG IN
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 187 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
UAS and USMS Connectivity
Q Q
Billing/Replication F F Billing/Replication
E E
0 1
Cluster MB Cluster
Sigtran A Sigtran B
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 188 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Example Server Port Allocation
Server 1st QFE Quad LAN Card 2nd QFE Quad LAN Card
Port ce0 ce1 ce2 ce3 ce4 ce5 ce6 ce7
Billing/ Billing/
USMS Extern
Rep.
Cluster Alarm Extern
Rep.
Cluster Alarm
Billing/ Billing/
UBE Extern
Rep.
Alarm Extern
Rep.
Alarm
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 189 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Example Replication Network Design
97.253.108.0/26 97.253.108.0/26
Switch Switch
97.253.108.12
97.253.108.10 Sun s
SD
97.253.108.11
UAS1
97.253.108.15
97.253.108.13 Sun s
SD
97.253.108.14
UAS2
97.253.108.18
97.253.108.16 Sun s
SD
97.253.108.17
LAN 2
LAN 1
UAS3
97.253.108.21
97.253.108.19 Sun s
SD
97.253.108.20
UAS4
97.253.108.23
U-SMS
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 190 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Example Signalling Network Design
97.253.108.128/26 97.253.108.192/26
Switch Switch
97.253.108.140 Sun s
SD
97.253.108.204
UAS1
97.253.108.150 Sun s
SD
97.253.108.214
UAS2
97.253.108.160 Sun s
SD
97.253.108.224
LAN 2
LAN 1
UAS3
97.253.108.170 Sun s
SD
97.253.108.234
UAS4
97.253.108.134 97.253.108.198
ITP 1
97.253.108.135 97.253.108.199
ITP 2
Sun s
U-SMS
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 191 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
External Network Design – Limited Redundancy
97.253.109.0/27
Switch
97.253.109.10
Not Connected
SD
Sun s
Sun s
Sun s
LAN 1
UAS3
SNMP Server
97.254.0.56 97.253.109.13
Not Connected
SD
Sun s
UAS4
SNMP Server
97.253.109.20
97.253.0.179 Not Connected
ITP 1
97.253.109.21
Not Connected
ITP 2
97.253.109.17
97.253.109.19
SD
Sun s
97.253.109.18 U-SMS
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 192 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Agenda
Introduction to Sigtran
SCCP and SUA detailed information
Configuring ITP Sigtran and GTT Features
M3UA, SUA configuration
MTP3 Routing and Global Title Translation
IP Network Design
Putting it all together into a configuration
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 193 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Some Example Traffic Flows
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 194 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Initial Trigger
MSC
DPC = 8439 or 8440
GTA = Common Single GT PC = 4177
RI = GT SSN = 146
MSC = 91988300 0555
7 exec ../bin/hssSccpTcapInterface \
-pc 8435 -ssns 146 -rcbase 100 -rcstep 10 \
8 -port 14001 -stps 8439,8440 \
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 195 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
-netaddr 97.32.12.76 -secondary_netaddr 92.37.12.140
Initial Response
DPC = 4417 MSC
SSN = 146
GTA = 919883xxxxxx PC = 4177
RI = GT SSN = 146
MSC = 919883xxxxxx
STP
PC = 320
or 4415
ATM Link
M1ITP01KOLS1
DPC = 4417
SSN = 146
GTA = 919883xxxxxx
RI = GT
4
update route 4177 16383 linkset M1ITP01KOLS1 priority 4
2 #!/bin/sh
exec ../bin/hssSccpTcapInterface \
1 -pc 8435 -ssns 146 -rcbase 100 -rcstep 10 \
-port 14001 -stps 8439,8440 \
-netaddr 97.32.12.76 -secondary_netaddr 92.37.12.140
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 196 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
MSC
DPC = 8439 or 8440
GTA = one of 4 SCP ISDN PC = 4177
SSN = 146
Subsequent
RI = GT
MSC = 919883xxxxxx
1
STP
PC = 320
or 4415
ATM Link
M1ITP01KOLS1 or
M1ITP02KOLS1
#!/bin/sh
cs7 gtt application-group GSM-MOX-GT1 exec ../bin/hssSccpTcapInterface \
multiplicity cost -pc 8435 -ssns 146 -rcbase 100 -rcstep 10 \
-port 14001 -stps 8439,8440 \
pc 8435 ssn 146 1 pcssn 4 -netaddr 97.32.12.76 -secondary_netaddr 92.37.12.140
pc 8436 ssn 146 2 pcssn
SUA Association
5 cs7 as UAS1-AS1 sua
routing-key 100 8435 si sccp ssn 146 UAS3
asp UAS1-ASP1 6
cs7 asp UAS1-ASP1 14001 15010 sua
remote-ip 97.32.12.76
remote-ip 92.37.12.140 UAS4
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 197 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Practical Implementation Example
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 198 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Building Working Configuration
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 199 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Developing a Configuration
ITP1
PC = 4912 MS
C
MSC
SD
Sun s
PC = 4904
UAS
PC = 4916
SD
Sun s
UAS
PC = 4917
MS
C
MSC
ITP2
PC = 4913 PC = 4905
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 200 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Configuration: General Parameters
IN-MODEL-ITP1
Host Names IP short name
IN-MODEL-ITP2
Debug Timestamps Local time with mSecs and TZ mSecs gives good resolution
Log Timestamps Local time with mSecs and TZ mSecs gives good resolution
Time Zone CET, 1 hours from UTC We use CET for this example
Global Title Table file name flash:gttdata.txt flash: is the “disk” device
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 201 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Proposed Example Network Design
172.18.24.xxx
USMS - (herring)
172.18.24.39 172.18.25.39
UAS - (ube)
172.18.24.31 172.18.25.31
172.18.24.32 172.18.25.32
ITP2
W.A.N
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 202 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Configuration: Prologue entries
version 12.2
service timestamps debug datetime msec localtime show-timezone
service timestamps log datetime msec localtime show-timezone
service password-encryption
service internal This is the name of the box.
!
hostname ITP1 The image to load
!
boot system flash c2600-itp-mz.122-25.SW1.bin
logging buffered 500000 debugging This password becomes encrypted when it is
logging history size 500 configured onto the ITP and then it will be
enable secret 0 <TBD> shown as “secret 5” followed by a 30 digit base
64 number to represent the actual password as
! a 180 bit long hash value in MD5.
clock timezone GMT 0
ntp server 172.25.1.8 This GTT table will be created
cs7 gtt load flash:gttdata.txt execute later on in the configuration
!
banner login _
***********************************************************************
*** WARNING!! This service is for authorised users only ***
***********************************************************************
_
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 203 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Configuration: Variant
The following describes the SS7 Signalling parameters that are defined on
a global level for the whole network.
!
cs7 variant ITU
cs7 point-code delimiter dash
cs7 point-code format 14 descriptor decimal
cs7 network-indicator reserved
!
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 204 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Configuration: Points Codes and GTAs
Each node that communicates over the SS7 network uses one of:
INAP/SCCP over SCTP/IP as a Sigtran SUA association (SCP/UAS, UMS VPU);
ISUP/MTP3 over SCTP/IP as a Sigtran M3UA association (PGW2200);
Legacy SS7 over MTP2 (MSC, STP);
All of the above, M3UA, SUA and MTP2 (ITP Signalling gateway).
!
cs7 point-code 4912 !ITP1 is PC 4912=2.102.0
!
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 205 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Configuration: Global Title Addresses 1/3
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 206 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Configuration: Global Title Addresses 2/3
The following lines are added to the ITP Global Title table to reflect the
translation of Global Title Addresses to point code.
The Global Title Selector “GLOBAL” is updated with the addition of the
GTA for the SCP.
The GTA 4526102044, is translated to its associated Point Code (4916)
and then sent on its way with routing now changed to be on PC/SSN.
This is FINAL Global Title Translation
RI=PCSSN
i.e. FINAL
!
cs7 gtt selector GLOBAL !Add to the selector defined above
gta 4526102044 pcssn 4916 pcssn !UAS is PC 4916
!
! Note that the following command is an EXEC command, and not in config mode
!
cs7 save gtt-table flash:gttdata.txt
!
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 207 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Configuration: Global Title Addresses 3/3
The following lines are added to the ITP Global Title table to deal with any
other GT based traffic that it may receive.
To facilitate possible future load-sharing, we will define an application
group that contains the PC (4904) of the MSC (we can add to it later)
The Global Title Selector “GLOBAL” is updated with the addition of the
GTA for any other GTA that doesn’t match a particular prefix.
This is INTERMEDIATE Global Title Translation
!
! Create the application group
!
cs7 gtt application-group MSC
multiplicity share RI=GT i.e. intermediate
pc 4904 1 gt
!
! Add the default GT
!
cs7 gtt selector GLOBAL !Add to the selector defined above
gta default app-grp MSC !Send all other GT to the MSC
!
! Note that the following command is an EXEC command, and not in config mode
!
cs7 save gtt-table flash:gttdata.txt
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 208 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Configuration: Physical Connections on the ITP
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 209 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Configuration: Defining the links
Timer Description
slt-t01 Link Test T1 (Link test acknowledgement timer)
interface FastEthernet0/0
ip address 178.18.24.31 255.255.255.0
speed 100
full-duplex
no cdp enable
no shutdown
!
!
interface FastEthernet0/1
ip address 178.18.25.31 255.255.255.0
speed 100
full-duplex
no cdp enable
no shutdown
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 212 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Configuration: SCTP M2PA Peers
!
cs7 local-peer 7000
local-ip 172.18.24.31 !Local (ITP1) IP address on one subnet
local-ip 172.18.25.31 !Local (ITP1) IP address on the other subnet
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 213 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Configuration: TDM Linksets
We have defined two MTP2 links on the E1 0/0 controller with the
following interfaces:
Serial 0/0:0
Serial 0/0:1
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 214 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Configuration: SIGTRAN Linksets
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 215 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Configuration: Mated Signalling Gateways
!
cs7 sgmp 15001
local-ip 172.18.24.31 !Local (ITP1) IP address on one subnet
local-ip 172.18.25.31 !Local (ITP1) IP address on the other subnet
!
cs7 mated-sg ITP2 15001
remote-ip 172.18.24.32 !Remote (ITP2) IP address on one subnet
remote-ip 172.18.25.32 !Remote (ITP2) IP address on the other subnet
!
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 216 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Configuration: Local M3UA Definitions for V.SSP (ISUP)
!
cs7 m3ua 2905
local-ip 172.18.24.31 !Local (ITP1) IP address on one subnet
local-ip 172.18.25.31 !Local (ITP1) IP address on the other subnet
tx-queue-depth 2000
!
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 217 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Configuration: Defining M3UA ASPs
Simply,
ASP is the location (machines) where the service runs
AS is the application (service) that is available to run
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 218 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Configuration: Defining M3UA ASs
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 219 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Configuration: Local SUA Definitions for SCCP Apps.
!
cs7 sua 15000
local-ip 172.18.24.31 !Local (ITP1) IP address on one subnet
local-ip 172.18.25.31 !Local (ITP1) IP address on the other subnet
!
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 220 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Configuration: Defining SUA ASPs
Simply,
ASP is the location (machines) where the service runs
AS is the application (service) that is available to run
We use port number 14001 remotely for each IP address pair for:
UAS
Any other ASP
!
cs7 asp ITP-UAS-ASP 14001 15000 sua
remote-ip 172.31.71.176 !Remote (UAS) IP address on one subnet
remote-ip 172.31.71.208 !Remote (UAS) IP address on the other subnet
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 221 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Configuration: Defining SUA ASs
!
cs7 as ITP-UAS-AS sua
routing-key 121 4916 si sccp
asp ITP-UAS-ASP !This service is available on the UAS
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 222 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Configuration: Define SS7 Routes
We need to statically route traffic to any other SEP (we are only
connected to the MSC with this one TDM linkset).
We assume a PC of 5200 for this SEP
If we “need” to talk to that SEP, we need to send the packets on
to an interim destination towards the SEP.
The STP is also connected to our mated ITP, therefore another
route is via that path. To be used in event of failure, therefore of
a lower priority.
The default route table is “system”
BE CAREFUL TO AVOID LOOPING!
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 223 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Configuration: Console and Auxiliary Lines
Console
Set a timeout of 120 minutes
Set a timeout of 60 minutes for “exec” mode
Set a login password
Aux
Forget about it
!
line con 0
session-timeout 120 This password becomes encrypted when it
exec-timeout 60 0 is configured onto the ITP and then it will
password 0 <TBD> be shown as “secret 7” followed by a 10
login digit hex number. This is a simple
Vigenere cipher, and not very secure.
!
line aux 0
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 224 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Configuration: Virtual Lines
Virtual Lines
Define five of them, 0-4
Set a timeout of 120 minutes
Set a timeout of 60 minutes for “exec” mode
Set a login password
!
line vty 0 4 This password becomes encrypted when it
session-timeout 120 is configured onto the ITP and then it will
exec-timeout 60 0 be shown as “secret 7” followed by a 10
password 0 <TBD> digit hex number. This is a simple
Vigenere cipher, and not very secure.
login
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 225 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Configuration: Other IP Stuff
The Rest?
Don’t use DNS lookup.
Turn off Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP) and IP Routing
Allow subnet-zero (or not)
Set up the Default Route (s)
Use classless IP (don’t stick to Class A, B, C)
Don’t run the HTTP configuration server
no ip domain-lookup
no ip routing
no cdp run
ip subnet-zero
!
ip classless
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 172.18.24.1 !Virtual address for default G/W Subnet 1
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 172.18.25.1 !Virtual address for default G/W Subnet 2
no ip http server
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 226 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Configuration: One More Thing
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 227 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Configuration: ITP1 Configuration 1/8
version 12.2
service timestamps debug datetime msec localtime show-timezone
service timestamps log datetime msec localtime show-timezone
service password-encryption
service internal
!
hostname ITP1
!
boot system flash c2600-itp-mz.122-25.SW1.bin
logging buffered 500000 debugging
logging history size 5000
enable secret 0 <TBD>
!
clock timezone GMT 0
ntp server 172.25.1.8
cs7 gtt load flash:gttdata.txt execute
!
banner login _
***********************************************************************
*** WARNING!! This service is for authorised users only ***
***********************************************************************
_
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 228 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Configuration: ITP1 Configuration 2/8
!
cs7 variant ITU
cs7 point-code delimiter dash
cs7 point-code format 14 descriptor decimal
cs7 network-indicator reserved
!
!
cs7 point-code 4912 !ITP1 is PC 4912=2.102.0
!
! Create an application group
!
cs7 gtt application-group MSC
multiplicity share
pc 4904 1 gt
!
cs7 gtt selector GLOBAL tt 0 gti 4 np 1 nai 4 !Creates a selector
gta 4526102044 pcssn 4916 pcssn !UAS is PC 4916
!
! Add the default GT
!
gta default app-grp MSC !Send all other GT to the MSC
!
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 229 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Configuration: ITP1 Configuration 3/8
controller E1 0/0
clock source line
framing CRC4
channel-group 0 timeslots 1
channel-group 1 timeslots 2
no shutdown
!
controller E1 0/1
shutdown
!
controller E1 0/2
shutdown
!
controller E1 0/3
shutdown
!
interface Serial0/0:0
no ip address
encapsulation mtp2
no shutdown
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 230 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Configuration: ITP1 Configuration 4/8
!
interface Serial0/0:1
no ip address
encapsulation mtp2
no shutdown
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
ip address 178.18.24.31 255.255.255.0
speed 100
full-duplex
no cdp enable
no shutdown
!
interface FastEthernet0/1
ip address 178.18.25.31 255.255.255.0
speed 100
full-duplex
no cdp enable
no shutdown
!
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 231 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Configuration: ITP1 Configuration 5/8
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 232 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Configuration: ITP1 Configuration 6/8
!
cs7 sua 15000
local-ip 172.18.24.31 !Local (ITP1) IP address on one subnet
local-ip 172.18.25.31 !Local (ITP1) IP address on the other
subnet
!
cs7 asp ITP-UAS-ASP 14001 15000 sua
remote-ip 172.31.71.176 !Remote (UAS) IP address on one subnet
remote-ip 172.31.71.208 !Remote (UAS) IP address on the other
subnet
!
cs7 as ITP-UAS-AS sua
routing-key 121 4916 si sccp
asp ITP-UAS-ASP !This service is available on the UAS
!
cs7 route-table system
update route 5200/14 linkset itp1-msc1 priority 3 !SEP via MSC
update route 4904/14 linkset itp1-itp2 priority 5 !MSC via ITP2
update route 5200/14 linkset itp1-itp2 priority 7 !via ITP2
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 233 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Configuration: ITP1 Configuration 7/8
!
line con 0
session-timeout 120
exec-timeout 60 0
password 0 <TBD>
login
!
line aux 0
!
line vty 0 4
session-timeout 120
exec-timeout 60 0
password 0 <TBD>
login
!
no ip domain-lookup
no ip routing
no cdp run
ip subnet-zero
!
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 234 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Configuration: ITP1 Configuration 8/8
ip classless
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 172.18.24.1 !Default G/W Subnet 1
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 172.18.25.1 !Default G/W Subnet 2
no ip http server
end
!
! Note that the following command is an EXEC command,
! and not in configuration mode. Always save the GTT!!
!
cs7 save gtt-table flash:gttdata.txt
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 235 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Configuration: UAS Hughes Stack
Configuration items are specified at start up. One file defines the
signalling gateways, and is called peers.conf.
The other file is called hssScIf.sh. They must reflect the
parameters specified in the ITP configuration.
For the UAS…
SG PCs are 4912; 4913
The port number on the ITP is 15000
The IP addresses .31 & .32 in both the 172.18.24 and 172.18.25 nets
Primary address is the first address
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 236 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Configuration: UAS Hughes Stack
hssScIf.sh
#!/bin/sh
exec ../bin/hssSccpTcapInterface \
-pc 4916 -ssns 12 -rcbase 121 -port 14001 -stps 4912,4913 \
-netaddr 172.18.24.39 -secondary_netaddr 172.18.25.39 \
-defaultgt 4526102044 -sendorigaddr true \
-proto ANY -sleekey 0x1 -inapssns 12
-maxdids 132000 -tx_buffers 2048 -rx_buffers 2048 \
-rto_init 125 -rto_max 250 -rto_min 100 -hb_interval 2 \
-assoc_max_retrans 6 -path_max_retrans 3 -maxSctpModeRetry 10
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 237 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Configuration: Success!
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 238 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Troubleshooting Low Speed Links
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 239 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Troubleshooting Low Speed Links
Remote
SP
STP
STP
MTP2
MTP1/Physical
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 240 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Troubleshooting LSL: Interface
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 241 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Troubleshooting LSL: Commands
Useful Commands:
show cs7 linkset
show cs7 linkset statistic
show controller <interface>
show interface <interface>
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 242 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Troubleshooting: PC Mismatch Example
1-119-3 SLTM
1-118-82
SLTM
MISMATCHED SLC:
Received Invalid SLT Message - OPC = 1.118.82 SLC = 0 on link SP 1
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 243 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Troubleshooting: Loopback Error Example
Remote
SP
SLTM
SLTM
DS0 Loopback: putting the local side in loopback will allow the
remote side to align, but when SLT messages are sent, they will
be duplicated & thus an SLT error will occur.
This is one way to verify data path
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 244 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Troubleshooting: LSL Congestion Monitoring
CongestionRxInd = Abate
CongestionTxInd = Abate (Level0)
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 245 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Troubleshooting M2PA Connectivity
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 246 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
M2PA: Troubleshooting Links
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 247 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Test Application Layer Using telnet
Paris>
Application
York Paris
Telnet
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 248 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Testing with the ping Command
Network Layer
Echo Request
Echo Reply
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 249 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Testing with the trace Command
Network Layer
Rome
London 172.16.33.5
172.16.12.3
Paris
York 172.16.16.2
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 250 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Using the show ip route Command
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 251 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
M2PA: Useful Commands
Useful Commands
show cs7 linkset
show cs7 m2pa state <linkset-name>
show cs7 m2pa peer <linkset-name> [SLC]
show ip sctp association statistics <instance>
show ip sctp association parameters <instance>
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 252 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Troubleshooting High Speed Links
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 253 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Link Configuration: Troubleshooting a High Speed Link 1/4
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 254 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Link Configuration: Troubleshooting a High Speed Link 2/4
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 255 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Link Configuration: Troubleshooting a High Speed Link 3/4
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 256 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Link Configuration: Troubleshooting a High Speed Link 4/4
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 257 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
References 1/2
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References 2/2
Implementation Plan
Describes all the implementation details of a customer implementation
Sections on SS7, IP and SCCP routing
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 259 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Glossary
European Telecommunications
ETSI IETF Internet Engineering Task Force
Standardisation Institute
GTT Global Title Translation HDLC High Level Data Link Control
IP Internet Protocol ISUP ISDN User Part
ITU International Telecommunications Union IUA ISDN User Adaptation layer
M2PA MTP2 Peer-to-peer user Adaptation layer M2UA MTP2 User Adaptation layer
M3UA MTP3 User Adaptation layer MEGACO Media Gateway Control (IETF WG)
MG Media Gateway MGC Media Gateway Controller
MGCP Media Gateway Control Protocol MTP Message Transfer Part
PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network RTP Real Time Protocol
SCCP Signalling Connection Control Part SCP Service Control Point
SCTP Stream Control Transport Protocol SG Signalling Gateway
Sigtran Signalling transport (IETF Working Group) SIP Session Initiation Protocol (IETF WG)
SP SS7 Signalling Point SS7 Signalling System No. 7
SSN Sub-System Number SSP Service Switching Point
STP Signalling Transfer Point TCAP Transaction Capabilities Application Part
UA User Adaptation layer V5UA V5.2-User Adaptation layer
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 260 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
That’s all Folks!
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 261 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Who’s Hungry?
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 262 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal
Planning is Essential!
SIGTRAN and ITP Training | 263 | © 2003 Cisco Systems © 2006 eServGlobal