After Treatment System

Selective Catalytic Reduction

(SCR)

Presented by;
Harikrishnan A
+91 7358619854 (M)
Manager_Customer Services
Documentation
Daimler India Commercial Vehicles Pvt. Ltd.
 Selective Catalytic Reduction

Topics
• Introduction
• Emission standards
• Emission control techniques
• EGR disadvantages
• SCR system
• SCR schematic diagram
• SCR advantages
• Discussion
 Selective Catalytic Reduction

Introduction: Emission standards

• Bharat stage emission standards (BSES) are emission standards instituted by the Government of India
to regulate the output of air pollutants from internal combustion engines and Spark-ignition engines
equipment, including motor vehicles. The standards and the timeline for implementation are set by
the Central Pollution Control Board under the Ministry of Environment & Forests and climate change.
• The standards, based on European regulations were first introduced in 2000. Progressively stringent
norms have been rolled out since then. All new vehicles manufactured after the implementation of the
norms have to be compliant with the regulations.
• Since October 2010, Bharat Stage (BS) III norms have been enforced across the country. In 13 major
cities, Bharat Stage IV emission norms have been in place since April 2010[3] and It's enforced for
whole country from April 2017.
• In 2016, the Indian government announced that the country would skip the BS-V norms altogether
and adopt BS-VI norms by 2020.
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Emission standards for Diesel truck and BUS

Major pollutants in Automobile Exhaust are, Standard Reference Date

• Hydrocarbons (HC) Bharat Stage II Euro 2 1-Apr-05

• Carbon Monoxide (CO) Bharat Stage III Euro 3 1-Apr-10
• Nitrogen Oxides (NOx)
• Particulate Matter Bharat Stage IV Euro 4 1-Apr-17
• Sulphor Oxides (SOx) 4/1/2020
• Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) Bharat Stage VI Euro 6
(proposed)

Emission Std for Diesel Truck and Bus Engines, g/kWh

Referenc
Year CO HC NOx PM
e
17.3–
1992 – 2.7–3.7 – –
32.6
1996 – 11.2 2.4 14.4 –
2000 Euro I 4.5 1.1 8 0.36*
2005† Euro II 4 1.1 7 0.15
2010† Euro III 2.1 0.66 5 0.1
2010‡ Euro IV 1.5 0.46 3.5 0.02
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Emission control techniques in Automobile

• Air Injection
- This system was used to inject air into the engine's exhaust ports to provide oxygen so unburned and
partially burned hydrocarbons in the exhaust would finish burning.
• Catalytic converter
- The catalytic converter is a device placed in the exhaust pipe, which converts hydrocarbons, carbon
monoxide, and NOx into less harmful gases by using a combination of platinum, palladium and rhodium as catalysts.
• Evaporative emission control
- In a typical system, vapors from the fuel tank and carburetor bowl vent (on carbureted vehicles) are
ducted to canisters containing activated carbon. The vapors are adsorbed within the canister, and during certain engine
operational modes fresh air is drawn through the canister, pulling the vapor into the engine, where it burns.
• Exhaust Gas Recirculation
- System that routes a metered amount of exhaust into the intake tract under particular operating
conditions. Exhaust neither burns nor supports combustion, so it dilutes the air/fuel charge to reduce peak combustion
chamber temperatures. This, in turn, reduces the formation of NOx.
• Selective Catalytic Reduction etc.
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EGR Disadvantages
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Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR)

• SCR is an after treatment solution for treating the exhaust gases outside the engine. This takes places in
the exhaust pipe with AdBlue® injection which converts the poisonous nitrogen oxides to harmless
nitrogen and water.
• It is called "selective" because it reduces levels of NOx using ammonia/urea as a reductant within a
catalyst system. The chemical reaction is known as "reduction" where the DEF is the reducing agent that
reacts with NOx to convert the pollutants into nitrogen, water and tiny amounts of CO2. The DEF can
be rapidly broken down to produce the oxidizing ammonia in the exhaust stream. SCR technology
alone can achieve NOx reductions up to 90 percent
• AdBlue® is a pure colourless urea solution produced with an exact specification from organic urea and
demineralized water.
• AdBlue® is stored in a separate tank on right side of the vehicle nearby diesel ta
• In normal operating condition the indicative AdBlue® consumption would be in the range of 3 to 5 %
of diesel consumption.
 Selective Catalytic Reduction

SCR schematic diagram

 Selective Catalytic Reduction

SCR Advantages
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Discussions…
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