UHE 3122

ISLAMIC INSTITUTIONS
TITLE : PRINCIPLES IN MANAGING
ISLAMIC INSTITUTIONS

MEMBERS’ NAME :
1. DANIAL PUTRA BIN ROSMAN (TE15040)
2. AHMED SHAFREIN IMRAN BIN MOHD YASIN (TE15051)
3. NUR AINI BT MOKHTAR (TE16046)
4. SITI YASFIZA BT MUHAMMAD (TE 16057)
5. NUR AMIRA SYUHADA BT IBRAHIM (TE16061)
6. MUHAMMAD AIMAAN BIN MOHD AMRAN (TE16062)
 Elements of :
Principles in Managing Islamic
Institutions
1. Intention (Nya) 7. Sincerity and keeping
promises (Ikhlas).
6.Conscientious of self-
improvement (Itqan).

2. Forever mindful of
the Almighty God 8. Consultation (Shura)
(Taqwa). 5. Truthfulness (Sidq).

9. Istikhara
3. Kindness and care
while feeling the 4. Justice (Adl) , Trust
presence of God (Amana).
(Ihsan). 10. Patience (Sabar)
 INTRODUCTION
• The first principles of an Islamic management
system were originally set by the Prophet
Muhammad (SAW) in Medina (Saudi Arabia)
with the establishment of the first Muslim
state.
 1. INTENTION (Nya)
• In Islam every act should be accompanied by intentions.
The Prophet Mohammed said:

‘ Actions are recorded according to intention and a person will

be rewarded or punished accordingly’

A person is endowed with free will and is responsible for

change in society. The Quran(Chapter 13, verse 11) states:

‘ God does not change the condition of a nation

unless it changes what is in its heart’.
 The implications of this principle in human resource
management is that employees should not,
for example:
#1

Be punished for making unintentional mistakes should be rewarded or

punished for their intended objectives, ideas, plans and strategies

#2

Rather than just for the outcomes of their actions which may be affected by
external factors beyond their control.

#3

This also accentuates in Islamic management the importance of human resource

planning and strategic decision-making.
2. FOREVER MINDFUL OF THE ALMIGHTY
GOD (TAQWA)

Ammara
(the prone-to-evil level)
3 TYPE
Lawama
(self-reproaching level)

Mutmainna
(the righteous level)
A person will refrain from behaving unjustly and
will command his/her soul to move from the
state of:

AMMARA (the prone-to-evil level),

which is the primitive stage that man
shares with animals

LAWAMA(self-reproaching level), at
which man is conscious of evil and
struggles between good and evil by
seeking repentance

MUTMAINNA (the righteous level),

when the mind is perfectly in tune
with good deeds, piety and justice.

Taqwa leads to steadfastness in seeking truth and justice

because people fear no one but God
 3. KINDNESS AND CARE WHILE
FEELING THE PRESENCE OF GOD
(IHSAN)
Ihsan has several It is alms giving, perfection and amelioration, forgiveness,
completeness of faith and, most important of all, doing good deeds

also a continuous struggle to work towards attaining God’s satisfaction and to

worship God as if you see Him and He sees you

This feeling makes the person behave at his/her best without the need for any
human supervision.

The value of Ihsan is related to the value of Iman, which is the key Islamic moral
character
 Such economic and social activities assume a moral and spiritual
dimension as a means for doing good to oneself by self-preservation and
to society by following God’s guidance on:

Wealth
Social
generation
justice

Ownership Spending Equality

Example: Managers with a high level of Ihsan promote the

training and development of their employees and encourage
employment involvement and participation in decision-making
4. TRUST (AMANA)

The concept of trust is a core value governing social

relationships, as every person is held accountable for his/her
doings in the community.

The leader is ‘ ameen’ or a trustee, who should respect the

trust bestowed on him/her by their superiors and
subordinates.

Any act of misuse of resources or mismanagement is seen as

a violation of trust. An organization is a trust of those who
own it and to those who work in it
JUSTICE (ADL)

Al-Adl : means the one who is

very just and fair, who never
oppresses, who judges justly
and who has justice.
The name al-Adl is one of the
names that are regarded as
ism al-azam (the greatest
name of Allah) by both Hz. Ali
and Abu Hanifa.
 Justice leads to equality and in order to
maintain an organization of justice and
equality there should be a sense of humility
among those in managerial positions.

Eg : Managers treat their subordinates with

respect and courtesy, and never look down
to them or ignore their views and
suggestions..
 5. Truthfulness
• Definition : true though/true words/true actions
: struggling to preserve one’s integrity and to avoid
hypocrisy and lying, even in strained circumstances when a lie will
cause release.
• Sidq : reflected in the life of a traveler on the path to God, such as –
1. does not lie or tell a falsehood
2. lives according to truth-fulness
3. strives to be a trustworthy representative of loyalty to God
4. never deviates from truthfulness in all thoughts, words and
actions and, in obedience to the Qur’anic command
5. always seeks truthfulness on both an individual and a social level
6. never give false evidence or tell lies even in jest
• Allah Says, “And Of Mankind, There Are Some
(Hypocrites) Who Say, 'We Believe In Allah
And The Last Day' While In Fact, They Believe
Not. They (Think To) Deceive Allah And Those
Who Believe, While They Only Deceive
Themselves, And Perceive (It) Not! In Their
Hearts Is A Disease (Of Doubt And Hypocrisy)
And Allah Has Increased Their Disease. A
Painful Torment Is Theirs Because They Used
To Lie.” [Soorah Al-Baqarah (2): 8-10]
• Example : Hakim bin Hizam (May Allah be pleased
with him) reported that: Messenger of Allah said:
“Both parties in a business transaction have a right
to annul it so long as they have not separated; and
if they tell the truth and make everything clear to
each other (i.e., the seller and the buyer speak the
truth, the seller with regard to what is purchased,
and the buyer with regard to the money) they will
be blessed in their transaction, but if they conceal
anything and lie, the blessing on their transaction
will be eliminated.”
 6. Conscientious of self-
improvement (I t q a n )
This value implies the
Related to a state of
continuous struggle
passion for excellence
within oneself for self- Striving to do better
(Alfalah) and
betterment in order to
perfection.
do better work

Managers and employees to

work harder and improve the
quality of their products and
services through the promotion
of learning, training, innovation
and creativity.
 SINCERITY AND KEEPING PROMISES
When a person does
(IKHLAS)
something sincerely
for Allah, he or she is
no longer concerned IKHLAS - sincerity, purity or
with receiving praise
or reward from isolation. Islamically it denotes
anyone but Allah. purifying our motives and
But, sometimes a deed
can be done for
intentions to seek the pleasure
Allah’s sake but the of Allah.
intention is tainted
with boasting and
showing off; this is
riyaa and it may
nullify the rewards
that a believer is
seeking.
 7. CONSULTATION (SHURA)
Is the process of making decisions by
SHURA consultations and delibration among
those who have an interest in the matter
on which a decision is to be taken, or
others who can help them to reach such a
decision.

Aspects :

1. SHURA INSTITUTIONS – equated to Majlis ash-Shura

(the consultative body), that is related to institution of
Jamaah or Khilafah.
2. SHURA AS A PROCESS – is an indispensable aspect of the
Islamic way of life, at all levels and at all times.
 BENEFITS OF SHURA
1. To see the issue under discussion from different angles.

2. Making the best use of people’s contributions and ideas.

3. Personal involvement of all people in the decision-making

process.

4. People are more positive and willing to implement the

decision.
 9. ISTIKHARAH
The process of decision making based on the
guidance from Allah after performing solah of
istikharah
The Importance of Istikharah:

 Will never regret

 Get the actual needs / result
 Avoid wrong decision
 Man didn’t know the future of their life (Insya Allah)
 Man cannot predict the truth of the future (Insya
Allah)
 Wrong decision will brings problems
 ISTIKHARAH
Have a clear mind with the selection
Without any bias
Have a clear explanations/reasons for each selection (If
have two or more options)
The selection did not contradict with the Quran and
Hadith
The Have a right understanding of Qadha and Qadhar
process of Did not make any selection yet
Istikharah Ask Allah to do the best selection
Perform Solah Istikharah / Pray
Doa / pray to Allah by reciting the confusion things and
ask for Allah answer of the confusion.
 ISTIKHARAH
How Allah reveal us to make the decision of the selections?

-Guidance by dream
-Ability to handle tasks easily
-Feeling happy of doing things
-Cannot perform bad activities (bad selection)
-Other guidance from various path.
Our task after Istikharah

• Do selection based on the guidance from istikharah

• Accelerate the effort to complete job
• Complete the tasks as required (without any doubt)
• Optimistic with the decision / the success
• Free from confuse / doubt of the project
• Thankful of the guidance
 10. Patience (Sabar)
‫إ‬
ُ‫ط فَلَه‬
َ ‫س ِخ‬
َ ‫ضا َو َم ْن‬ ِّ ِ ُ‫ي فَلَه‬
َ ‫الر‬ ِ ‫ب قَ ْو ًما ا ْبتَ ََل ُه ْم فَ َم ْن َر‬
َ ‫ض‬ َ َّ ‫ظ ِم ْالبَ ََل ِء َوإِ َّن‬
َّ ‫َّللا إِ َذا أَ َح‬ ِ َ‫ظ َم ْال َجز‬
َ ‫اء َم َع ِع‬ َ ‫ِِ َّن ِع‬
ُ ‫س َخ‬
‫ط‬ َّ ‫ال‬

Verily, with greater rewards come greater trials. Verily, when Allah loves a people he
will test them. Whoever is pleased will be satisfied, and whoever is displeased will
have indignation.
Source: Sunan al-Tirmidhī 2396, Grade: Hasan

Patience is the highest level of Iman (belief in the oneness of

God and Mohammed as his prophet and messenger). At the
organizational level, patience and humility go hand in hand.
Being patient in making decisions reduces the possibility of
making mistakes and increasing the chances of success in
negotiations.
 Patience (Sabar)
Patience is of three types:
(i) Patience upon obedience
To be patient when finding it hard obeying Allah’s commandments.

(ii) To be patient when a trouble befalls you.

Eg: when we suffer acute losses in business, wealth or property, we have to
be very patient and have trust in Him alone. Nothing happens without His
will. This life is a test and Allah is with those who are patient.

(iii) To be patient when finding it hard to abstain from sins

eg: When a person has fallen a trap to bad habit of watching movies,
listening to music etc, and strives hard to refrain from it and urges himself to
abandon the bad habit, Allah would Insha’Allah help him in practicing
patience and he would be rewarded.
 Rujukan
1. https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/islamic-
management-principles-hrm-mufti-fahad-
ahmed-qureshi
2. https://www.slideshare.net/DrYunus/shura-
consultation-inislam
 THE END

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