Organizational Behavior:

Values, Attitudes,
Personality
and Emotions
 Types of Values

Terminal
Values
Instrumental
Values
 Dominant Values
in Today’s Workforce
Career Entered the Approximate Dominant
Stage Workforce Current Age Work Values

1. Protestant Mid-1940s to 60 to 75 Hard working; loyal to

Work Ethic Late 1950s firm; conservative
(Veterans)
2. Existential 1960s to 45 to 60 Nonconforming; seeks
Mid-1970s autonomy; loyal to self

3. Pragmatic Mid-1970s to 35 to 45 Ambitious, hard worker;

(boomers) Mid-1980s loyal to career

4.generation Mid-1980s Under 35 Flexible, values leisure;

X (Xers) through 1990s loyal to relationships
 Values Across Cultures

Power Distance
Individualism - Collectivism
Quantity of Life (Masculinity) - Quality of Life
(Femininity)
Uncertainty Avoidance
Long-Term or Short-Term Orientation
 Cognitive
Component

Affective
Attitude Component

Behavioral
Component
 Type of Attitude
1. Organizational Citizenship
Behavior (OCB)
2. Job Satisfaction
3. Job Involvement
4. Organizational Commitment
 Importance
of the Elements

Cognitive Degree of
Dissonance Personal Influence

Rewards
Involved
The Attitude-Behavior
Relationship

Level of Specificity

Accessibility

Social Pressures

Importance

Direct Experience
 The Effect of Job
Satisfaction on
Performance
• Job Satisfaction and Productivity
• Job Satisfaction and Absenteeism
• Job Satisfaction and Turnover
• Job Satisfaction and Customer
Satisfaction
 Response to Job Dissatisfaction
Active

Exit Voice
Destructive Constructive

Neglect Loyalty

Passive
 Myers-Briggs Type Indicator
Extrovert (E)
Type of Social
Interaction Introvert (I)

Sensing (S)
Preference for
Gathering Data Intuitive (N)

Feeling (F)
Preference for
Decision Making Thinking (T)

Perceptive (P)
Style of
Decision Making Judgmental (J)
 The Big Five Personality
Dimensions
 Extroversion: Outgoing, talkative, sociable, assertive
 Agreeableness: Trusting, good natured, cooperative, soft
hearted
 Conscientiousness: Dependable, responsible,
achievement oriented, persistent
 Emotional stability: Relaxed, secure, unworried
 Openness to experience: Intellectual, imaginative,
curious, broad minded
Research finding: Conscientiousness is the best (but not a
strong) predictor of job performance.
 Locus Self-Esteem
of Control

Other Key
Machiavellian Self
Personality Personality Monitoring
Attributes

Risk Type A
Propensity Personality
Holland’s Theory of Personality-Job Fit
Type Personality Occupations
Mechanic, Farmer,
Realistic Shy, Stable, Practical
Assembly-Line Worker
Biologist, Economist,
Investigative Analytical, IndependentMathematician
Social Worker,
Social Sociable, Cooperative
Teacher, Counselor
Accountant, Manager
Conventional Practical, Efficient
Bank Teller

Enterprising Ambitious, Energetic

Lawyer, Salesperson

Painter, Writer,
Artistic Imaginative, Idealistic
Musician
Occupational Personality Types
In
t ic ve
li s st
ig
ea R I at
R
i ve
Conventional

Artistic
C A

En E S
te

al
rp
ris
ci
i ng So
 Important
Terms

What Are Felt Versus

Display Emotions
Emotions?

Emotional
Dissonance
Six Universal Emotions

Happiness Fear Anger

Surprise Sadness Disgust

 Emotionless
People

Other Key Gender

and Emotions
Issues

Culture
and Emotions
OB Applications
Emotional Intelligence (EI)

Decision Making

Motivation

Leadership

Interpersonal Conflict
 Multiple Intelligence
1.Intelligence Quotient (IQ)
2.Emotional Intelligence (EI) or
Emotional Quotient (EQ)
3.Spiritual Intelligence
4.Cultural Intelligence
Key Variables Affecting Behavior

Values
Motivation

Attitudes

Perception Behavior
Personality

Learning
Ability
 An OB Model for Studying
Individual Differences
The Unique Individual Forms of Self-
Expression
Personality
traits
Attitudes
Self Concept
• Self-esteem Abilities
• Self-efficacy
• Self-monitoring Emotions
 Self-Efficacy
Self-efficacy: “A person’s belief about his or her chances
of successfully accomplishing a specific task.”

Sources of Self-Efficacy Beliefs:

- Prior experience
- Behavior models
- Persuasion from others
- Assessment of physical/emotional state
 Covey’s Seven Habits:
An Agenda for Managerial
Self-Improvement
1. Be proactive.
2. Begin with the end in mind.
3. Put first things first.
4. Think win/win.
5. Seek first to understand, then to be
understood.
6. Synergize.
7. Sharpen the saw.