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In the name
of
Allah
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 Database
Management
Systems

Lecture -1
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Course Objectives
 Introduction to Very basics
 Guides through Different
 design stages
 Familiarize with a tool
 Emphasis on
 Design stages of Databases
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Importance of
Course
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Lecture Overview
• Database Definition
• Comparison with the prior Data
Processing approach
• Pros & Cons of Databases

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What is a
Database
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Database Def-1
A database is a shared collection of
logically related data that is stored to
meet the requirements of different
users of an organization

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Database Def-2
A database is a self-describing collection of
integrated records

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Database Def-3
A database models a particular real world
system in the computer in the form of data

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The concept of a shared organizational
database
Management Marketing

Product
Planning Control Sales
Development

Corporate
Database

Accounting Manufacturing

Accounts Accounts
Scheduling
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Production
Receivable Payable
 A bit of History
• Computer initially used for computational/
engineering purposes
• Commercial applications introduced File
Processing System

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File Processing
System
A collection of programs that perform
services for the end-users such as
production of reports

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 File Processing Systems
Library Examination Registration

Library Examination Registration

Applications Applications Applications

Library Examination Registration

Data Data Data
Files Files Files

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Program and Data Interdependence
 File Processing Systems
Library Examination Registration

Reg_Number Reg_Number Reg_Number

Name Name Name

Father Name Address Father Name

Books Issued Class Phone

Fine Semester Address

Grade Class

Duplication of Data
Vulnerable to Inconsistency
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 Advantages of Database Approach
Library Examination Registration

Library Examination Registration

Applications Applications Applications

Database
Management
System

- Data Sharing University

- Data Independence
Students
- Controlled Redundancy Database - Better Data Integrity
First Lecture Ends
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