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Fitria Amalia
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COMPLEX SENTENCES
Independent Clause
An independent clause (main clause) is a group of related words that
contains subject and verb and expresses a complete idea. As a result, an
independent clause can stand alone and be used as a sentence.
Example :
Example :
1. SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS
CAUSE &
TIME OPPOSITION CONDITION
EFFECT
After Because Although If
Before Since Though Unless
When Now that Even though Only if
While As Whereas Whether or not
Since In order that While even if
Until So in case (that)
Example :
•Time
After they finished studying, Juan and Maria went to the movies.
When juan and maria went to the movie?
After they finished studying (describe the time)
•Opposition
Dina can read English novel although she is still young.
An opposition
•Condition
She would buy a house, if she had enough money.
if she had enough money is describe a condition when she would buy a
house
2. Relative pronouns
Are used to link a relative clause to another part of a sentence and has the
job of introducing the relative clause.
Relative
Function Use to meaning Example sentences
Pronoun
The man who
speaks English
Menerangkan every day is my
Who as subject Yang
Noun - Orang grand father.
Example :
“ Juan and Maria went to the movies after they finished studying”
S S
V subordinat V
Example :
“After they finished studying , Juan and Maria went to the movies”
S S
subordinat V V
comma
Example :
The children who shouted in the street are not from our school.
Dependent Clause
Relative
pronoun
Independet Clause
If the dependent clause is extra information it called non essensial clause,
do set the dependent clause off with comma in begin.
Example:
Nick gave a handful of potato chips to Button , who was sniffing around the
picnic tables.
In this sentence, Button, the name of a unique dog, lets us know which animal
we mean. The information in the relative clause is no longer important and
needs to be separated from the main clause with a comma.
If the clause is nonessential interrupt a independent clause, separate it with
a comma in front and a comma behind.
Example:
Barack Obama, who was President in United States, has visited Indonesia.
Dependent Clause
Relative
pronoun
Independent Clause
THANK YOU FOR YOUR
ATTENTION
EXERCISES
10. The author who is touring several cities to promote his book will be in
Chicago at the end of October. (___)