FORMULATION OF RESEARCH PROBLEM

1. Developing Title

2. Building a conceptual model

3. Defining the objective of the study

4. Setting investigate question

5. Formulation of hypothesis

6. Operational definition of concept

7. Delimiting the scope of study

 II Hypothesis
• Meaning
• Definition
• Characteristics
• Types:
1. Simple and Complex
2. Associative and Casual
3. Directional and Nondirectional
4. Null and Research
Meaning :

• Hypothesis is usually considered as the

Principal Instrument in research.
• Hypothesis is a mere assumption or some
supposition to be proved or disproved.
• Expected relationship between two or more
variable.
Definition:

• Rummel and Ballima says, “ A hypothesis is a

statement capable of being tested and verified
or rejected”.
• Grinnell says, “Hypothesis is written in such a
way that it can be proven or disproven by valid
and reliable data”.
Characteristics:
• Clearly defined concept
1. Clarity • Meaning and implication should not be
doubtful

• Should be dabble to every layman.

2. Simplicity • W.Ocean Stated that “ A hypothesis should
be as sharp as razor blade.

• Hypothesis should be tested empirically.

3. Testability • It should be stated and formulated after
verification.

4. Relevant to • It must be relevant to particular problem.

• It’s a guidance for identification for
Problem particular problem.
 Simple & complex hypothesis
A. Simple hypothesis:

• It is a statement which reflects the relationship

between

• Two variables.

For example: ‘the lower the level of

hemoglobin, the higher is the risk of infection
among postpartum women’.
 • Frame for specific problem.
5. Specific • Should not be generalization.
• Ex: regular yoga reduces stress

• Relevant to the objective

6. Relevant • Related to the objective of the study

• J.S.Mill one of the eminent researcher says ,

7. Fruitful Hypothesis is the best source of new knowledge it
create new ways for discoveries

• Consistency is the characteristics of good

8. Consistency hypothesis.
• One dependent and more independent variable .
Types of Hypothesis:
Simple &
Complex

Null & Types of Associative

Research Hypothesis & Casual

Directional &
Nondirectional