CARBON

NEUTRALITY
and the Meenangadi Green
Initiatives

Manoj Patchava (PGP/21/283)

Pavuluri Jaya Bharath (PGP/21/284)
Anush S (PGP/21/290)
Sinjan Ray (PGP/21/296)
Tamaghna Mandal (PGP/21/300)
 CARBON NEUTRALITY – AN INTRODUCTION

▷ Having a net zero carbon footprint, refers to achieving net zero carbon
emissions by balancing a measured amount of carbon released with an
equivalent amount sequestered or offset, or buying enough carbon credits
to make up the difference

▷ It is used in the context of carbon dioxide emission processes associated

with transportation, energy production, and industrial processes such as
production of carbon neutral fuel

▷ The term can be extended to include other Greenhouses gases

 ACHIEVING CARBON NEUTRALITY
BALANCING CARBON DIOXIDE
That are released into the
atmosphere from burning fossil
fuels with renewable energy, so
that the carbon emissions are
compensated, or alternatively
using only renewable energies that
don't produce any carbon dioxide
Eg – Use of new technology
CARBON OFFSETTING
By paying others to remove or
sequester 100% of the carbon
dioxide emitted from the
atmosphere
Eg - By planting trees – or by
funding 'carbon projects' that
should lead to the prevention of
future greenhouse gas emissions
 CARBON EMISSIONS – A SNAPSHOT

▷ India is the fourth largest

emitter of carbon in the world

▷ The top three countries make

up for more than 50% of
carbon emissions of the world
 CARBON NEUTRALITY PRACTICES IN INDIA
MEENANGADI

The small town located in Wayanad District, Kerala on the Western Ghats is
proposed to become India’s first carbon neutral town by 2020
 CARBON NEUTRALITY PRACTICES IN INDIA
SACReD, MAJULI

 In 2016 Assam Government initiated a plan to make the river Island of Majuli, India’s first ever
carbon neutral district by 2020.
 'Sustainable Action for Climate Resilient Development in Majuli’ has been initiated by
Assam's department of Environment and Forest
MEENANGADI & ITS GREEN INITIATIVES
 WHY MEENANGADI?

Wayanad is one of four climate Report stated that the minimum

change hotspot districts in Kerala, surface temperature in the Western
according to a report published by Ghats region may rise by 2
the State Action Plan on Climate degrees Celsius to 4.5 degrees
Change Celsius by 2050

This would naturally affect paddy cultivation as well as the production of

cash crops like coffee, tea, cardamom, and black pepper. Alarmed by the
report and the fact that paddy cultivation in the region was already taking a
hit, the Meenangadi Panchayat officials came forward with the carbon
neutrality project
BEGINNING OF THE MEENANGADI GREEN INITIATIVES

 The project started in the aftermath of the United Nations Climate Change Conference in
Paris, 2015.
 Kerala witnessed many deliberations towards tiding over the crisis arising from climate
change.
 Meenangadi panchayat officials, alarmed by the already massive reduction in the area
under paddy cultivation in their town, came forward with the carbon neutrality
proposal.
 The initiative is supported by environment advocacy group Thanal, the MS Swami Nathan
Research Foundation’s Community Agrobiodiversity Centre, and Kannur University’s
Zoology Department
 The panchayat plans to manage anthropogenic (man-made) carbon emissions through a
series of environment-friendly methods and techniques for sustainable development
 GREEN INITIATIVES

Activists had assessed the rate and

quantities of carbon emissions which arose
from domestic consumption of electricity
and fuel from both houses and vehicles.

Measured the carbon content in soil and the

emissions from the trees, and thus drew up a
plan to plant more trees in the areas which
exhibit the highest percentage of emissions
in order to offset it.

Awareness campaigns regarding the ill-effects of plastic for the environment have been
abound a plenty
 GREEN INITIATIVES

Turned towards solar power sources in terms of

energy, so as to reduce the dependency on the
exhaustible conventional energy sources

Adding to this, the panchayat has also set up an

LED-lamp manufacturing unit so that energy-
efficient lights are supplied to all the houses in
this towns

70 acres of Meenangadi’s usable land have been reserved for cultivation purposes
only, giving a solid boost to vegetable farming in the area. As a result, the region has
become self-sufficient in terms of everyday vegetables
 SOME OTHER EXAMPLES…

Iceland is also moving towards Sweden aims to become carbon neutral by

climate neutrality. Over 99% of
electricity production and almost
80% of total energy production
comes from hydropower and
geothermal. No other nation uses
such a high proportion of
renewable energy resources.
2045.The vision is that net greenhouse gas
emissions should be zero.
In June 2011, the Canadian Province of British
Columbia announced they had officially
become the first provincial/state in North
America to achieve carbon neutrality

In June 2011, the Canadian Province Bhutan is not merely carbon neutral,
of British Columbia announced they had it’s also a carbon sink—making it
officially become the first provincial/state in one of the few countries in the world
North America to achieve carbon neutrality to have negative carbon emissions.
 CARBON NEGATIVE NATION - BHUTAN
 This Country Isn't Just Carbon Neutral ... It's Carbon Negative
 This means the country's carbon sinks, such as its forests, absorb more carbon dioxide each
year than its sources of pollution, such as factories, emit.
 The country emits around 1.5 million tonnes of carbon annually, while its forests absorb over
6 million tonnes
 To boot, Bhutan is aiming for zero net greenhouse gas emissions, zero-waste by 2030 and to
grow 100 percent organic food by 2020.
 The Himalayan nation is currently 72 percent forested and the constitution requires that no
less than 60 percent of it remains forested. It has even banned export logging.
 Last June, a team of 100 volunteers set a world record for planting 49,672 trees in just 1 hour.
 And to celebrate the birth of the first child of King Khesar and Queen Jetson, all 82,000
households in Bhutan planted a tree, while volunteers planted another 26,000 in
various districts around the country, for a total of 108,000 trees
 FINANCIAL ASPECTS

In the recent state budget, Rs.10 crore was allocated and

will be distributed through the Meenangadi Cooperative
Service Bank to individual farmers and households as
regular incentives for protection of saplings and trees.

‘Punyavanam’ project (holy forest). Under this, around

38 acres of land adjoining the temple were demarcated
and saplings of various trees were planted.

Around Rs.47 lakh was spent on Attakolli

Jaiva Initiative (organic farming)initiatives.
 FINANCIAL ASPECTS

Around Rs.80 lakh was spent to set up an electric crematorium in the

area. This has drastically brought down the use of wood for cremations

Free distribution of bicycles to school students and encouraging people to

use non-polluting vehicles are part of the project.
To Encourage Initiatives
& support them through To stop methods which
various financing might hinder the
methods initiatives taken
 THE PRICE OF NEUTRALITY

Farmers – The greatest opposition to the project comes from

the farmers of the region
 For instance, the Gadgil ecology expert
panel had advised strict prohibition of
human interference in the Western
Ghats, which was met by great protests
from the farmers who accused the
panel of disrupting their livelihood
concerns.

 Malabar Migration – Religious Touch

 Resolving the Issue - Thomas Isaac,

the State Finance Minister, has
pledged to alleviate their fears by
announcing an interactive conference
with the farmers, where they can direct
their questions and doubts towards the
 THE PRICE OF NEUTRALITY

Merchants - Switching to
means of carrying other than
plastic bags will take quite
long time and plastic will keep
spoiling the ecosystem
Asking to give up usage of
Plastic bags without any
incentive or support system

They are using plastic in laying

roads
 GROUND REALITY AT MEENANGADI

▷ We asked a few local residents

in Meenangadi what they knew
about the Green Initiatives. The
predominant answer that we
received was – “What Green
Initiatives?” The knowledge
about the initiatives is more
predominant among the
younger generation.
▷ The lack of knowledge about
the Green Initiatives is quite
clear. We found people
employing polluting methods of
doing work inspite of the Green
Initiatives.
GROUND REALITY AT MEENANGADI

▷ Plastic Bags are still in use all

over the town, inspite of
awareness campaigns under the
Green Initiative.
▷ Blanket Ban on usage of plastic
bags is not in place.
GROUND REALITY AT MEENANGADI

▷ The town is surrounded by

thick green cover of trees.
▷ Increased in green cover
couldn’t be confirmed.
▷ It is to be noted to Wayanad
district is know for it’s densely
forested area.
 POSSIBLE IMPACTS OF THE INITIATIVE

▷ A model for other villages and towns,

especially in the remote northeast
where pollution levels are low. With
India taking the renewable route and
investing heavily in solar energy, this
could be the opportunity to show the
world that the country is serious about
cleaning its toxic air.
▷ Promote agro-forestry and set an
example for the entire country. Not
only will this help reduce the impact of
climate change, it will also serve well
for the aesthetic value of the region
POSSIBLE IMPACTS OF THE INITIATIVE

▷ The farmers can increase their

profits out of this initiative, since
demand for commodities produced
in carbon-neutral territories have
always been high. Once the project
is completed, the farmers of
Wayanad can market their products
at higher rates, with a tag-line of
‘carbon-neutral’, inviting customers
and greater sales.
▷ In a country where several big cities
fail the pollution test, the success of
a project such as Meenangadi would
be a great boost for India.
 INCENTIVE FOR FIRMS TO REDUCE EMISSIONS
CARBON CREDIT

A carbon credit is a generic term for any tradable certificate or

permit representing the right to emit one TONNE of carbon
dioxide or the mass of another greenhouse gases with a carbon
dioxide equivalent (tCO2e) equivalent to one tonne of carbon
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light, yellow is found between between violet and green on the associated with sacrifice, danger
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