Fluorine

Andrei Matusa
Chemistry Project
Mr. Kermer
 Information

•Name: Fluorine
•Atomic #: 9
•Atomic Mass: 19 (18.998)
•Family: Halogens
•Non-Metal
•Density: 0.001553 g/cm3
Structure of the Atom
 Symbol : F
 # of Protons and Electrons: 9
 # of Neutrons = 19-9
 #Neutrons : 10
9P+
10 N 0
 Bohr Rutherford Diagram:
 2 Orbits
 9 Electrons
 9 Protons & 10 Neutrons in
Nucleus
Properties
 Physical Properties
Qualitative:
A pale, yellow-green gas.
Moderately Optically Clear.
Pungent Odour.

Quantitative:
Boiling point at -188oc.
Melting point at -219.6oc.
Solubility : pointless.
Lightest Halogen.
 Chemical Properties
Highly Reactive with other
elements.

Highly Electronegative
It readily forms compounds with
other elements.
Flammable Gas.
Toxic in large doses.
 Fluorine with air: • 2F2(g) + 2H2O(g)  O2(g) + 4HF(g)

Fluorine with water: • 2F2(g) + 2H2O(l)  O2(g) + 4HF(aq)

Fluorine with Chlorine: • Cl2(g) + F2(g)  2ClF(g)

Fluorine with Bromine: • Br2(g) + F2(g)  2BrF(g)

Chemical Reactions
Discovery!
 Discovery of Fluorine
Henri Moissan.
• Born September 28, 1852
• Paris, France

• Died February 20, 1907

• Paris, France

• Discovered Fluorine (1886)

• Paris, France

• Won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry

in 1906 for isolating Fluorine from
other compounds.

Method of Discovery.
In 1886 Moissan made a solution of hydrofluoric
(HF) acid in Potassium Hydrogen Fluoride (KHF2 ).
He then cooled the solution to 23oc, and passed
an electric current through it. A yellow-greenish In 1530 a German mineralogist
gas appeared, he called it fluorine. Georgius Agricola described the use
of the mineral fluorspar (calcium
fluoride) but he did not isolate
Isolation is the same as fluorine by itself.
Method of Discovery.
 Uses
• Used to launch rockets due to its high reactivity. (Industry)
• Compounds of fluorine is used in toothpaste (Everyday)
• Fluoride is used at the dentist as cleaning and to prevent cavities.(Everyday)
• Common Compounds:
• Hydrogen Fluoride (HF)
• Uranium Hexafluoride (UF6) (Produces fuel for nuclear reactors and nuclear weapons.)
• Not advised to be used on living things. It’s TOXIC! (What could possibly go
wrong?!?!)
• Hydrofluoric Acid is used to etch light bulbs and other glasses.
 Toxicity/Environmental Hazards
• Health Effects:
• Dangerous:
• If inhaled in small amounts, it causes severe irritation to the nose, throat, and lungs.
• In large doses, it can cause death.

• Handling:
• Store and use only in vented gas storage cabinets of fume hoods.
• Keep equipment scrupulously dry when working with fluorine.
• Disposal:
• Fluorine cylinders should be returned to the compressed gas distributor when empty or
no longer in use.
 Henri Moissan, who
first isolated fluorine,
Interesting Facts also produced the
world’s first artificial
diamonds by applying
huge pressures to
charcoal.
Hydrofluoric acid (HF)
is so corrosive it will
dissolve glass.

Fluorine gets its name from the

French and Latin words for flow,
fluere.
 References
• Royal Society of Chemistry - http://www.rsc.org/periodic-table/element/9/fluorine
• Wikipedia - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluorine
• Chemicool - https://www.chemicool.com/elements/fluorine.html
• Google - https://www.google.ca/search?q=is+fluorine+reactive&ie=&oe=
• Environmental Chemistry -
https://environmentalchemistry.com/yogi/periodic/F.html#Chemical
• PTable - https://www.ptable.com/#Writeup/Wikipedia
• Chemistry Explained - http://www.chemistryexplained.com/elements/C-
K/Fluorine.html
• Live Science - https://www.livescience.com/28779-fluorine.html