Plc and scada

PRESENTED BY:
ANAND and JAMIL
EEE “7TH SEM
 What is AUTOMATION

 Making products under the control of computers

and programmable controllers is known as
automation.
 Manufacturing assembly lines as well as stand
alone machine tools and robotic devices fall into
this category.
 It is delegation of human control functions to
technical equipment for increasing the
productivity, quality, and increasing the safety in
working conditions thereby reducing the
manpower and cost.
 INSUSTRIAL AUTOMATION
Now a days, every small and large industry
employ automation.
In manual control, an operator periodically reads
the process and adjusts the input accordingly.
In automation control, measurements and
adjustments are done automatically on a
continuous basis.
 PLC(Programmable Logic
Controller)
 It is microprocessor based solid state/industrial
computer that perform discrete or sequential logic.
 It was developed to replace mechanical relays, timers,
counters.
 The early PLC’s were used to reduce the changeover
time, wiring/re-wiring.
 The PLC programming procedures replaced the
rewiring a panel full of wires, relays, timers, counters
etc.
 Advantages
 Reliability in operation.
 Flexibility in control and programming techniques.
 Online offline modifications.
 Small physical size, shorter project time.
 In house simulation and testing of project.
 Speed of operation.
 Ease of maintenance and troubleshooting.
 Ability to communicate and networking with computer
system in plant.
 Documentation and security.
 Designed to work in all types of industrial conditions.
Micrologix 1000
programmable controller
 Architecture of a PLC

 BLOCK DIAGRAM (24V DC,

120V AC)
POWER
(Toggle or Push SUPPY
buttons, proximity or
pressure sensors)

INPUT OUTPUT (Display

PLC s&
DEVICES DEVICES
Monitor
s)

MEMORY INTERFACE (SCADA or

(External
HMI)
memory
module)
Hardware Overview
 PROGRAMMING the PLC

 Programming language used: LADDER

language( ladder 2). The programming can be
done with simple contacts that simulate the
opening and closing of relays, counters, timers,
shift registers and other math operations.
 Basic symbols:
Input symbols: XIC-

XIO-

Output symbols: OTE-

OTL-

OUL-
 START- STOP LOGIC:
START: hardware software
NO-
NC-

STOP: NO-
NC-
PLC TIMER/COUNTER
FUNCTION
TIMER ON(Ton)
COUNTER UP
 MATH
INSTRUCTIO
NS
 Applications

 Material Handling
 Packaging Applications
 General Industrial Machinery
 Printing
 Food and Beverage
 Pharmaceutical
 Water Wastewater / SCADA
 Clutch/Brake control
 Position Control - Pick-and-place / Conveyor
 SCADA
 Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition
 It is a software through which we can create
visualization of any industrial process.
 Earlier, PLC’s were programmed, download the
program in it and it used to run for years
 The problem- no one knew what’s happening inside
the PLC.
 Solution= PLC+SCADA
 TAG’s
 It is the address of the memory location where
signals are being saved.
 We define a TAG in order to use it in the SCADA
software(Intouch wonderware).
 TYPES : 1) Analog 2) Digital 3) Strings
 These are further associated with either
“Memory” or “I/O” type tags.
 PC-SCADA – Memory analog/digital/string tag
 PLC-SCADA - I/O analog/digital/string tag
 FEATURES OF SCADA

 Dynamic process graphic

 Alarm
 Database connectivity
 Real time trend and historical trend view
 Security
1. Dynamic Process Graphics
 Using this feature, one can develop graphics which
can resemble the plant.
 The graphics can include reactors, valves, pumps,
agitators, conveyors as well as other equipment and
machinery used in the plant.
 The status of the equipment running/stopped can be
shown using different colors/animation.
 Typically the SCADA software will have many ready to
use symbols for proper representation which can be
used in any type of industry.
 2. Alarms
 Every plant needs proper monitoring and control of the process
parameters

 Alarms represent warnings of process conditions that could

cause problems, and require an operator response

 Generally alarms are implemented by using the lamps or

hooters in field but in SCADA it can be represented using
animation.

 In many SCADA software, four type of alarm limits are used ie

HI, HIHI, LOW, LOW LOW

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3. Database Connectivity
 In many plants, it is important to download the real-
time information to the MIS. In this case the database
connectivity is must.

 Many SCADA software don’t have their own database.

Hence for storage and reporting they use third party
database like MS Access or SQL

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4. Real-time & Historical Trends
 This facility is used for representing the data in
graphical form

 Real-time data will plot the real-time value for fixed

period of time while historical data will have historical
data stored value which can be viewed on demand

 Depending upon the storing capacity of the hard-disk

one can specify the no of days the data can be stored

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 5. Security
 Every SCADA software has various levels of security
for securing the application by avoiding unauthorized
access
 Depending upon the access level given the
operator/engineers is allowed to do the task. In most
of the cases, operators are allowed only to operate
the plant while maintenance engineers can do the
application modifications
 The security can be given for individual as well as for
groups

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 SCADA Software

 Wonderware- Intouch
 Rockwell- RS view32

 Siemens- winCC

 GE- Intellation

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Some Industrial Applications

Chemical Plants
PLC-SCADA COMMUNICATION

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EXAMPLE
THANK YOU !!!