Water indicators

Data collection, analysis, reporting

- Serbian Experience

Milijana Ćeranić - Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia

Dejan Lekić - Serbian Environmental Protection Agency

UNECE, Geneva 13 May 2014

Water supply / sanitation
indicators
 Bylaw on the National list of environmental
indicators adopted in 2011
 81 indicators in total / 11 water related
indicators
 5 indicators directly related to the water
supply and waste water
 3 additional indicators within sustainable
use of natural resources
Indicators
 Water indicators:
 Drinking water quality
 Population connected to public water supply
 Population connected to public sanitation
 Urban waste water treatment
 Polluted (non-treated) wastewaters
 Sustainable use indicators
 Household water use per capita
 Water losses
 Renewable freshwater resources
Data Collection
 Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia
 Public Health Institutes
 Water Directorate
 Local water supply and sewage public
companies
Environmental Information System
– Eionet Serbia
Environmental Information System
– Future
Populatin connected to water supply
Populatin connected to wastewater
treatment
Survey on Public water supply and Survey on urban wastewater as part of Water
statistics - Environmental statistics.

Conducted in line with Law on Official Statistics (“Official Gazette of RS”, No

104/2009), Official Statistics Strategy (establish for 5 year) and Annual Statistical
Programme.

Obligation to provide data

 The obligation to provide data is laid down in Article 26 and the penalty provisions relative to
the refusal of providing data or providing incomplete and false data in Article 52 of the Law
on Official Statistics (“Official Gazette of RS”, No 104/2009).
Obligation to protect individual data
 Results of the survey are published as aggregates, taking into account the obligation to
protect individual data according to the Law on Official Statistics.

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 Water statistics
-abstracted
-using
-treated
-wastewater

Drinking water Water use

Water use
-housholds in
in
-industry Agriculture
INDUSTRY
-institutions

Waste water Industrial

IRIGATION
treated processis
-LIVESTOCK’s USE
Cooling water

8 8
 SURVEY ON DRINKING WATER SUPPLY

Survey on drinking water supply provides data which

are classified into three topics:
 Water abstraction (from rivers and underground water) included
overtaken water from other networks and water provided to other
systems;
 Water distributed to users: households, business entities dealing
with the sections of Agriculture, forestry and fishing, Mining and
quarrying, Manufacturing and Electricity, gas, steam and air
conditioning supply, Water supply; sewerage, waste management
and remediation activities, as well as to other consumers, water
used for own consumption, and total water loss;
 Data on water treatment, water supply network and costs of
drinking water production.

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SURVEY ON URBAN WASTEWATER

Objective of conducting the survey on urban wastewater is

to provide the data on:
 Quantities of wastewater discharged in the recipient
 Quantities of discharged treated and untreated
wastewater
 Devices for wastewater treatment
 Biological and chemical oxygen demand and quantity of
heavy metals in wastewater
 Sewerage system/ network.
 www.stat.gov.rs

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 List and definitions of main
items – indicators
 Publicwater supply is a system for drinking water supply, having arranged and
protected source, abstraction, reservoir and water network and presents a set of
connected hydro-technical components under singular management and control, used
for water abstraction, collection, treatment and distribution to consumers.
 Water abstraction (sources) refers to all the places of public underground or surface
waters from which water supply systems are supplied (underground, surface waters,
spring waters, watercourses, accumulations and lakes).

 Distributed water relates to all directly abstracted and supplied water distributed by the
water supply system during the reference year to its consumers. The quantities of
distributed water are measured by water gauge or, where they are not available,
quantities are calculated according to norms relative to a selected activity group.

 Drinking water is water used for drinking, processing and production of food and
general use items, as well as for other people’s needs. Water used or intended for
drinking must not contain elements harmful for human’s health above the determined
limits and regarding physical, chemical, biological, bacteriological, virological and
radiological features, it has to satisfy the established conditions.

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DEFINITIONS– UNSD/UNEP QUESTIONNAIRE
2013 ON ENVIRONMENT STATISTICS
Total population supplied by water supply industry
(ISIC 36)- Percentage of the total resident
population using water supplied by the water supply
industry (ISIC 36).
Urban population supplied by water supply industry
(ISIC 36) - Percentage of the urban resident
population using water supplied by the water supply
industry (ISIC 36).
Rural population supplied by water supply industry
(ISIC 36) - Percentage of the rural resident
population using water supplied by the water supply
industry (ISIC 36).

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DEFINITIONS– UNSD/UNEP QUESTIONNAIRE
2013 ON ENVIRONMENT STATISTICS
Population connected to wastewater collecting system -
Percentage of the resident population connected to the
wastewater collecting systems (sewerage). Wastewater
collecting systems may deliver wastewater to treatment plants
or may discharge it without treatment to the environment.
Population connected to wastewater treatment -
Percentage of the resident population whose wastewater is
treated at wastewater treatment plants.
Population with independent wastewater treatment (e.g.,
septic tanks) - Percentage of the resident population whose
wastewater is treated in individual, often private facilities such
as septic tanks.
Population not connected to wastewater treatment -
Percentage of the resident population whose wastewater is
neither treated in treatment plants nor in independent
treatment facilities.
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 Reporting units, statistical units
 Data on water use in settlements are collected from all business entities
that collect, distribute water and/or manage the systems for water use and
data on wastewater and treated water are collected from the reporting units
managing the sewerage systems.
 Activity of these reporting units is, according to the Classification of
Activities, defined in the division 36 – Water collection, treatment and
supply and division 84 – Public administration and defense, compulsory
social security (local communities’ authorities managing water supply
systems). (ISIC and NACE Rev.2)
Survey coverage
 The survey covers all business entities that perform their activity on the
entire territory of the Republic of Serbia.

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 Method, time and sources for
data collection
 Data collection is done by the reporting method, meaning that the reporting unit uses its available
documentation and records to fill in the questionnaires. The competent person enters the requested
(existed or estimated data) for the previous year. The reporting unit forwards the questionnaire to the
relevant statistical authority on which territory its head office is located within the deadline set up in
the annual plan.
Timetable Months

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Distribution of the questionnaires
to regional statistical units x
Fieldwork x x
Delivery of inputted and controlled
material x
Logical and computer control x
Data procesing x x x
Preliminary data x
Data validation x x x x
Final data x
Desimination x x x
Preparation for the new survey x x

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 Level of data representatives
(territorial)
The data are representative for the territory of the
Republic of Serbia
Regions
Divisions
Municipalities
As well by river basins:
Danube
Sava
Morava
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 Harmonization with international
recommendations, standards and practice

The methodology relative to this survey is

harmonized with international recommendations
and standards:
Water Framework Directive, WFD - 2000/60/EC;
JQ OECD/Eurostat – Inland water;
Questionnaire REQ12 – Regional Environmental Data
Collection - Inland water;
JQ UNSD/UNEP – Environmental Statistics.

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 SURVEY TOOLS
Questionnaire and instructions for filling the questionnaire
For conducting the survey on drinking water supply, used is the
Questionnaire “Annual survey on drinking water supply, (VOD – 2v)”
and “Annual survey on urban wastewater (VOD-2k), with the
instructions for completing it.
Electronic form of the questionnaire with the instructions is also
available on SORS website: www.stat.gov.rs
Methodologies (www.stat.gov.rs)

List of nomenclatures and classifications used in the survey

• Code list of watercourses
• Classification of Activities (CA – 2010, “Official Gazette of RS”, No 54/10)
• Regulation on Nomenclature of Statistical territorial Units (“Official Gazette of RS”, No 109/09 and
46/10).
All documents are available on SORS website: www.stat.gov.rs

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 Table 2 Water distribution and losses
Average price
Water of water
Sequen quantity,
Number of: distributed
ce
thous. m3 with VAT, in
number
RSD / m3
1 2 3
1 Total distributed water (2+7) xxxxxxxxxxx

2 Total water sold to: (3+4+5+6) xxxxxxxxxxx

3 Households xxxxxxxxxxx
Enterprises dealing with:
4 agriculture, forestry and fishing
5 Industry enterprises
Other consumers: schools,
institutions, stores, hospitals,
6 hotels, etc.
7 Water for own consumption xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx

8 of which: sanitary water xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx

9 Total water losses xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx

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Table 3 Water treatment, water supply network, users
and costs for the production of drinking water

Water
Sequen Number
quantity,
ce of:
number thousend m3
1 2
1 ...
32 Number of water connections pipes xxxxxxxx
Number of households connected to
35 water supply network
Population connected to water supply
36 network - NEW
... ...

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 Wastewater discharged in water bodies

Water Average price

Seq. Number quantity, of wastewater
number of: 3
with VAT, in
thous. m RSD / m3
1 2 3
1 Wastewater discharged -total xxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxx
2
- Untreated water xxxxxxxxxxx
3 -Treated water xxxxxxxxxx
4 •Primary treatment (physical/ chemical)
5 •Secondary treatment (physical/ biological)
•Tertiary treatment (physical/chemical/
6 biological)
7 Wastewater discharged - from household xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx
Number of households connected to the xxxxxxxxxxx
8 wastewater collecting system
Population connected to the wastewater xxxxxxxxxxx
9 collecting system (NEW)
10 Number of households with septic tanks
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Table 6 - List of all settlements covered by the public
water supply and urban wastewater collecting systems

Number of
Number of Total households Total
Name of the households distributed connected wastewater
settlement connected to water to urban discharged
public water thous. m3 wastewater thous. m3
supply coll. system
NAME 1 N1 MMM N2 >= N1 VVV <MMM
... ... ... ... ...
... ... ... ... ...
... ... ... ... ...
... ... ... ... ...

... ... ... ... ...

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 Population connected to public water
supply
Hauseholds Nu. of Estimation/ Average
Number of
connected to occupied Hauseholds number of Estimation/
households
2012 public water dwellings connected to households Population connected
(Census
supply by % with (Census public water % members to public water supply
2011)
survey (VOD2) 2011) supply
1 2 3 4

R Serbia 2500690 2210993 88.42 1822943 2044583 81.76 2.88 5 888 399

Serbia - North 1302590 1349835 103.63 1079142 1197175 91.91 2.75 3 292 231

•Belgrade 606433 659815 108.80 547321 562547 92.76 2.73 1 535 753

-Belgrade 606433 659815 108.80 547321 562547 92.76 2.73 1 535 753

Vračar3) 539483 606593 112.44 476632 509325 94.41 2.23 1 135 795

Lazarevac 18862 11782 62.46 11978 11782 62.46 3.11 36 642

Mladenovac 17512 12180 69.55 10085 12180 69.55 3.01 36 662

Obrenovac 23712 23359 98.51 18622 23359 98.51 3.04 71 011

Sopot 6864 5901 85.97 3578 5901 85.97 2.97 17 526

Vojvodina 696157 690020 99.12 531821 634628 91.16 2.76 1 751 573

•West Bačka 68888 67819 98.45 38398 63063 91.54 2.72 171 531

-Apatin 10772 11062 102.69 7758 10161 94.33 2.67 27 130

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

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 Population connected to wastewater
systems /WWT
Number of /Estimation/ Average Estimation/
households Number of Households number of Population
connected to households connected to households connected to
2012 WW system by (Census 2011) % WWT % members WWT
Survey

R Serbia 1461148 2500690 58.43 1466334 58.64 2.88 4223042

Serbia - North 862308 1302590 66.20 862308 66.20 2.75 2371347
Belgrade 518586 606433 85.51 518586 85.51 2.73 1415740
-Belgrade 518586 606433 85.51 518586 85.51 2.73 1415740
Vračar3) 490063 539483 90.84 490063 90.84 2.23 1092840
Lazarevac 8269 18862 43.84 8269 43.84 3.11 25717
Mladenovac 8370 17512 47.80 8370 47.80 3.01 25194
Obrenovac 11300 23712 47.66 11300 47.66 3.04 34352
Sopot 584 6864 8.51 584 8.51 2.97 1734
Vojvodina 343722 696157 49.37 343722 49.37 2.76 948673
West Bačka 18421 68888 26.74 18421 26.74 2.72 50105
Apatin 6100 10772 56.63 6100 56.63 2.67 16287
... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

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 Population connected to WWT
Population connected Population Population Population Population
2012 to wastewater connected to connected to connected to connected to
collecting system wastewater primary secondary tertiary
treatment treatment treatment treatment

R Serbia 4221817 783637 110914 596793 97549
Serbia - North 2367138 266373 29741 166763 90482
•Belgrade 1413453 0 0 0 0
-Belgrade 1413453 0 0 0 0
Vračar3) 1267357 0 0 0 0
Lazarevac 25678 0 0 0 0
Mladenovac 25179 0 0 0 0
Obrenovac 34401 0 0 0 0
Sopot 1732 0 0 0 0
•Vojvodina 949405 268023* 29925 167797* 91043*
-West Bačka 50145 20509 20441 20509 0
Apatin 16274 0 0 0 0

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 Key issues and challenges - statistics
•Data sources
•All Public water supply and sewerage systems are
included;

•Data availability
•Some data is not available.
•Time series
•Survey has been conducted more than 50 years.

•Problems existing with data collection:

•Lack of educated people responsible to fulfilling
questionnaires.
•Unpaid (from users) distributed water, often has
been presented as losses.
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 Key issues and challenges
Losses presented as total (by transport and by leakage)
Number of households identified as Number of pipe
(water) connections
Measurement units often wrong
Estimations depend of experts.

Comparability and validation data

Across countries, Region
Reporting to Eurostat and UNSD

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Challenges – EPA
 Better data collection procedures
 Improved quality assurance
 Increased monitoring frequency
 Integration of local, regional and national
information systems – SEIS concept
applied
 Building capacity on all levels
 Better financial instruments
Outputs

Percentage of population connected

Water losses
to public water supply
Outputs

Percentage of population connected

Water Treatment Index
to public sewage systems
Thank you for your
attention!