平面顯示器

電子系統設計技術要項
平面顯示器
• 電漿 (Plasma)

• 背投 (Rear Projection)
– 液晶穿透式
– 微機電反射式
– 矽上液晶反射式

• 液晶 (LCD)

 LCD TV 是未來的明星工
業
Subject
 Picture
 Sound
 Connection
 Information
 Reception
 Multimedia function
Picture Quality Factors
• Brightness
• Contrast
• Color
• Sharpness
• Viewing Angle
• Response Time
• Uniformity
• Jaggy
• Jerky
A Typical Picture Specification
• Screen Size : 30" (76 cm)
• Visible Screen Size : 75 cm (29,53”)
• Display : LCD WXGA Active Matrix TFT
technology
• Resolution 1280x768 (x3) pixels
• Response time LCD : 16 ms
• Brightness : 450 cd/m2
• Contrast Ratio : 350:1
• Viewing Angles : 176H/176V
• Anti Reflex Coated Screen
Brightness

More backlight
Contrast

Whiter and blacker

 Gamma Correction
 The detail of black and white field
Color - cross color
Cross-color
Color – flesh tone correction

Too healthy
Color – white balance & color
temperature

Black Body Locus

5300K
6500K
9300K
Color Temperature

Warm Normal Cool

Sharpness

More clear edge

 Viewing Angle
Good

Bad Lower contrast, color

Response Time

Tailing
Uniformity
Mura
Jaggy
Jerky – 3:2 pull-down

Artifact

Video mode Film mode

Jerky – motion blur
Panel Technology: IPS vs
MVA
IPS MVA
(In plane switch) (Multi-domain vertical
alignment)
View angel Excellent Good
Response time Acceptable Acceptable
Contrast Good Good
Brightness OK OK
Quality control Hard to control OK
Yield Low High
Cost High Low
Technology Hitachi Fujitsu
Owner
User Hitachi, LG Phillip Samsung, Sharp, CMO,
AUO
Source: JPMorgan estimates, December 2003
 PQ Decision Weighting in LCD TV
IR/KBD CONTROL
RF TUNER

IF STEREO AUDIO
NTSC DECODER PROC
PAL
SECAM IF DATA
SIF
PROC
CVBS YUV
CVBS
S LUMA/ LUMA
CHROMA PROC De-int.
SCART SEP
YPbPr CS CHROMA
480i/576i
PROC SCALER
480p/576p SYNC
1080i HS/VS
SEP
720p
POST
ENHANCE. RGB LCD panel
PC VGA/DVI
1394
STB DVI/HDMI
Subject
 Picture
 Sound
 Connection
 Information
 Reception
 Multimedia function
A Typical Audio Specification
Example
• Sound Power
– 20 W RMS
– 40 W Music Power

• 4 On Board Speakers
• Separate Headphone
• Audio line output
– Optical SPDIF output
– AC-3 in HDTV broadcasting

• Dolby Virtual (surrounding process)

Virtual Surrounding Process
• Good sound can improve visual
effect

• An auxiliary selling point:

– SRS
– BBE
– Virtual Dolby
Some Real Surrounding
Technology
• Dolby Pro Logic

• Dolby Digital

• DTS

• THX Surround EX / Dolby

Digital EX
Subject
 Picture
 Sound
 Connection
 Information
 Reception
 Multimedia function
RF connections
• NTSC (F-connector)

• PAL/SECAM (IEC connector)

Analog video connections
• CVBS

• S-video

 HD support: 480P/1080I/720P
• YPbPr/YCbCr

• SCART
Japan D formats
D1: 480I
• EIA-J D D2: 480P
– D1-D5 D3: 1080I
D4: 720P
D5: 1080P
• D-sub
Digital video connections
• DVI
– DVI-I
– DVI-D
– DVI-A
– HDCP (High-speed Data Content Protection)

• 1394

• HDMI
Audio connections
• Baseband audio
– RED: Right channel
– WHITE: Left channel

• Sub-woofer

• Digital audio
– Coaxial
– Optical
Standard Connections

CVBS/S-video

YPbPr

YPbPr(HD) CVBS/S-video
Subject
 Picture
 Sound
 Connection
 Information
 Reception
 Multimedia function
 Closed Caption

• Allows the viewer to read TV program

dialogue or voice conversations as on screen
text
V-chip
• A program content advisory data
• Respond to the advisory data by
blocking content that the viewer finds
objectionable
• FCC approved a program rating system
in March 1998
• All new TV sets (13 inches and larger)
sold within US should have it by January
2000

CC/V-chip
 For the US, Canada, and Brazil
Teletext
tele - text
• It is a format to transmit data within a video
signal
• Data rate is a few MBit/s
• Accepted global standard (WST)
• Secure delivery data channel
• Data error checking
• Low cost
• Uni-directional

 From 1 page to 1,000 pages

Teletext Pages
Subject
 Picture
 Sound
 Connection
 Information
 Reception
 Multimedia function
TV Color Systems
1. NTSC M
NTSC-J
NTSC 4.43

2. PAL I D
B, B1, G, H N
M Nc

3. SECAM D, K, K1, L
B, G
World TV Systems
 TV Channel Allocation

VHF-L

VHF-H

UHF

North America Japan

Analog Stereo Sound
• BTSC
– North America, South America,
Taiwan
• EIA-J Stereo
– Japan
• Zweiton M Mono
– Korea
• Zweiton (A2) SAP
– Germany
Digital Stereo Sound

NICAM
• Near Instantaneous Companded
Audio Multiplexer
• First digital audio transmission
• Near CD quality

 for Europe, China, South-east Asia

 Various Models by Region
PAL NTSC
EU AP China NA Japan Korea TW SA
PAL PAL PAL NTSC NTSC-J NTSC NTSC NTSC
Tuner SECAM (CN-
NTSC multi.)

NICAM NICAM NICAM MTS EIA-J A2-M MTS MTS

Stere A2 A2
o
I/O SCART S/CVBS S/CVBS S/CVBS S/CVBS S/CVBS S/CVB S/CVBS
S/CVBS YPbPr YPbPr YPbPr D-conn. YPbPr S YPbPr
(YPbPr YPbPr
)
YES YES - - - - - -
Telete
xt
CC/V-chip - - - YES - - - YES
Digital TV
Digitize the transmission to have
user get:
• High quality AV
– No noise, high definition, real surrounding
• More program access
– Hundreds of program in same spectrum
• Information service
– EPG: Electronic Program Guide
– PPV: Pay Per View
– Broadband Internet access
– On-line shopping
World DTV Systems

Pulled by
Multi-channel service

Pushed by FCC
Pulled by Pulled by HDTV
HDTV
Subject
 Picture
 Sound
 Connection
 Information
 Reception
 Multimedia function
VGA Timing Modes
Standard Resolution
Refresh-rate
VGA 640 x 480 60/75
Hz
SVGA 800 x 600 60/75 Hz
XGA 1024 x 768 60/75
Hz
WXGA 1280 x 768 60/75 Hz
WXGA 1280 x 720 60/75 Hz
Add-on Features
• Card reader
6-in-1, show the content from DSC media
• Hard disc
Video recording
• Wireless
Any room, any place
LCD TV 電子設計所需的基本功夫
硬體設計 軟體設計
• 類比及數位電路設計 • 微算機程式
• 數位系統與微算機設計 • 演算法
• 通信系統理論 • 計算機組織
• 電磁波原理
• 即時作業系統
• 數位信號處理
• 軟體工程
• 電視學
• 電視學
系統設計
• 液晶顯像原理
• 色彩學與光學量測
• 類比與數位電視系統
• 系統架構分析與整合
Thank You!