ELECTRICAL HAZARDS

BY GROUP 6
HEALTH & WORK SAFETY (A)

1. IRWAN RIYANA P. (KETUA) 121348

2. GINANJAR SAPUTRA 130779
3. RONALDUS C. EKAPUTRA 131217
4. ANDRI SUBEKTI 131854
5. HENDRA ARIEF 130340
6. M. AFRIZAL DANAR G. P. 130800
7. DIDI YUSUF 132155
8. AVIYANUVASARI 121135
9. MUHAMMAD HILMAN R. 122049
10. DIKKI PURWANTONI 121352
11. M. NAZAR 122386
• Electricity
• Hazard
• Electrical Hazard

DEFINITIONS
Electricity is a physical agency caused by
the motion of electrons, protons, and other
charged particles. Electricity manifests
itself as an attraction, repulsion, magnetic,
luminous, heating effects, et cetera.

Hazard is any potential or actual threat to

the well-being of people, machinery or
environment.
 Electrical Hazard

Electrical hazard is a dangerous condition

where a worker could make electrical
contact with energized equipment or a
conductor, and from which the person may
sustain an injury from shock
The causes of electrical hazards are…

1. contact with live parts causing shock and burns;

2. faults which could cause fires;

3. and fire or explosion where electricity could be

the source of ignition in a potentially flammable
or explosive atmosphere.

The risk of injury from electricity is strongly linked to where and how
it is used and there is greater risk in wet and/or damp conditions.
• Shock
• Burns
• Arc Flash
• Arc Blast
• Explosions
• Fires

TYPES OF ELECTRICAL HAZARDS

 Shock Burns Arc Flash

Arc Blast Explosions Fires

 Shock & Burns
• Electric shock occurs when the human body
becomes part of the path through which current
flows.

• The direct result can be electrocution.

• The indirect result can be injury resulting from a

fall or movement into machinery because of a
shock.

• Burns can result when a person touches

electrical wiring or equipment that is energized.
 Arc Blast Arc Flash
• Arc blast is a short circuit
caused by working on • 80% burns are due to
energized equipment
ignition of clothing.
(e.g. dropped tool).
• Occurs in miliseconds.
• Temperature: 30,000 F. • Temperature 35,000
• Air expands very Fahrenheit.
violently; 15 tons of
pressure. • Fatal burns: 10 ft.
• The 3 primary hazards
associated with an arc-
blast are thermal • Melts metal.
radiation, pressure wave,
and projectiles.
 Explosions & Fires

Explosions occur when electricity provides a

source of ignition for an explosive mixture in the
atmosphere.

Electricity is one of the most common causes of

fires both in the home and in the workplace.
Defective or misused electrical equipment is a
major cause.
EFFECTS
 Effects of Electric Current in the
Human Body
Current Reaction
< 1 mA Generally not perceptible
1 mA Faint tingle
Slight shock; not painful but disturbing.
Average individual can let go.
5 mA
Strong involuntary reactions can lead to
other injuries.
6– Women: painful shock, loss of muscular
25 mA control.
 Effects of Electric Current in the
Human Body
Current Reaction

Men: the freezing current or “let-go” range.

9– Individual cannot let go, but can be thrown away
30 mA from the circuit if extensor muscles are
stimulated.

50 – Extreme pain, respiratory arrest, severe muscular

150 mA contractions. Death is possible.

Rhythmic pumping action of the heart ceases.

1000 –
Muscular contraction & nerve damage occur;
4300 mA
death likely.
The following factors determine the severity of
the effect electric shock has on your body:

• The level of voltage

• The amount of body/skin resistance you have

to the current flow

• The path the current takes through your body

• The length of time the current flows through

your body
• Insulation
• Guarding
• Grounding
• PPE

PREVENTIONS
Some ways to prevent accidents caused by
electrical hazards are through the use of
• insulation,
• guarding,
• grounding,
• electrical protective devices,
• and safe work practices.
Insulation
Insulators such as glass,
mica, rubber, or plastic used
to coat metals and other
conductors help stop or
reduce the flow of electrical
current. This helps prevent
shock, fires, and short
circuits.
Guarding
Guarding involves
locating or enclosing
electric equipment to
make sure people don't
accidentally come into
contact with its live parts.

Conspicuous signs must

be posted at the
entrances to electrical
rooms to alert people to
the electrical hazard.
Grounding "Grounding" a
tool or electrical
system means
intentionally
creating a low-
resistance path
that connects to
the earth. This
prevents the
buildup of
voltages that
could cause an
electrical
accident.
Personal Protective Equipment

Employees who work directly with electricity should use

the PPE required for the jobs they perform.

This equipment may include rubber insulating gloves,

hoods, sleeves, matting, blankets, line hose, and
industrial protective helmets designed to reduce electric
shock hazard.
work should not be SHOCKING!
-- THANK YOU --