Dr. Ika Marlia, M.

Sc, SpS
Bagian/SMF Neurologi FK
APHASIA UNSYIAH/RSUD Dr Zainoel
Abidin
Banda Aceh
APHASIA
 Aphasia: difficulties in expressing, understanding, reading, or
writing oral and written language
 Results from neurological damage or brain injury
 Stroke: most common cause – blood supply providing nutrients and oxygen
to the brain is interrupted (when language area of the brain is affected,
aphasia can happen)
 Infectious diseases
 Tumors
 Exposure to toxins or poisons
 Hydrocephalus
 Nutritional or metabolic disorders
Lesions near the outer cortex and wernicke area
RISK FACTORS
Uncontrollable factors
 Age
 Gender
 Racial or ethnic background
 Family history

Controllable factors
 Hypertension
 Diabetes
 Tobacco smoking
 Alcohol use

Justice Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc.

Communication Sciences and Disorders: An Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
Introduction All rights reserved.
SPECIFIC
Aphasia
• Fluency Broca

• Repetition Wernicke

• Compherension Conduction

• Naming Anomic

• Reading Transcortical motor

Transcortical sensory
• Written
Global
• Location of damage: temporal lobe, • Location of damage:
possible parietal also, specifically temporal-parietal
Wernicke’s area region, usually a
• Fluent, receptive, sensory connector pathway
• message is unclear (like verbal) called arcuate
fasciculus
• Fluent, but cannot
transfer this to the
verbal output area

Conducti
Wernicke
on

Transcorti
cal anomik
sensory
• Location of damage: border of the • Location of damage: no
temporal and occipital lobes or the specific area
parietal lobe (superior region) • Fluent and
• Fluent, receptive, sensory meaningful
• Sometimes even frequent verbal • Word retrieval deficits
repetitions of random auditory in both spoken and
stimuli (echolalia) written language
 Broca
Location of damage: frontal
Trancortical
lobe, specifically
Global motor Broca’s area
Location
Locationofofdamage:
Non-fluent,
damage: frontal lobe,
expressive,
large region typically
of brain superior
motor
or andsites
multiple anterior portions
of injury
Slowed, labored, telegraphic
Non-fluent, Non-fluent,
speech;
both receptive andexpressive,
short phrases,
expressive, motor
agrammatical
and both motor speech
and
sensory
Repetition and naming difficulties range from mild to severe
Severe problems communicating
MEDICATION
Medications are similar to those used with alzheimer patients
cholinergic Drugs- Raise acetylcholine
Piracetam- Greatest chance of improving language capability

Prognostic
Factors that predict or determine which clients will benefit from therapy
Include:
 Site, type, and size of brain injury
 Time post onset (TPO)
 Type and severity of aphasia
 Handedness
 Age
 Pre-injury status
TERIMA KASIH SEMOGA BERMANFAAT