AN

INTRODUTION SEMINAR
ON
PWM BASED SPEED CONTROL
FOR DC MOTOR
 By
Amit Kumar Gupta (1473420005)
Ankur Singh (1473420009)
Aviral Yadav (1473420016)
Utsav Singh (1473420051)

Department of Electrical Engineering

Rajkiya Engineering College,Banda (U.P.)
 ABSTRACT
 The speed of motor is directly proportional to the DC voltage
applied across its terminals.

 PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) wave can be used to control the

speed of the motor

 the average voltage given or the average current flowing through

the motor will change depending on the ON and OFF time of the
pulses

 The duty cycle of the wave controls its speed . On changing the
duty cycle (ON time), we can change the speed
BLOCK DIAGRAM
HARD WARE EQUIPMENTS
 POWER SUPPLY
 MICROCONTROLLER (AT89S52/AT89C51)
 MOTOR DRIVER
 DC MOTOR
 PWM
 PUSH BUTTONS
 LCD
 1N4007
 LED
 RESISTORS & CAPACITORS
 MICRO CONTROLLER
 Compatible with MCS®-51 Products
 8K Bytes of In-System Programmable (ISP) Flash
Memory
 4.0V to 5.5V Operating Range
 Crystal Frequency 11.0592MHZ
 Three-level Program Memory Lock
 256 x 8-bit Internal RAM
 32 Programmable I/O Lines
 Three 16-bit Timer/Counters



Eight Interrupt Sources
Full Duplex UART Serial Channel
AT89S52
 Watchdog Timer
PIN DIAGRAM OF AT89S52
PWM

 The PWM switching frequency has to be much faster

than what would affect the load, which is to say the
device that uses the power.
 The term duty cycle describes the proportion of on time
to the regular interval or period of time;
 a low duty cycle corresponds to low power, because the
power is off for most of the time. Duty cycle is
expressed in percent, 100% being fully on.
PWM APPLICATIONS

•Telecommunications
•Power delivery
•Voltage regulation
•Audio effects and amplification.
 DC- MOTOR

A DC motor is an electric motor that runs on

direct current (DC) electricity. In any electric
motor, operation is based on simple
electromagnetism.
A simple 2-pole DC electric motor (here red
represents a magnet or winding with a "North"
polarization, while green represents a magnet or
winding with a "South" polarization).
Every DC motor has six basic parts -- axle,
rotor (a.k.a., armature), stator, commutator, field
magnet(s), and brushes.
 MOTOR DRIVER (L293D)
Features:
Wide supply-voltage range: 4.5V to 36V
Separate input- logic supply
Internal ESD protection
Thermal shutdown
High-Noise-Immunity input
 Functional Replacements for SGS L293 and SGS L293D
Output current 1A per channel (600 mA for L293D)
 Peak output current 2 A per channel (1.2 A for L293D)
Output clamp diodes for Inductive Transient suppression(L293D)
 DESCRIPTION
L293D is a dual H-bridge motor driver integrated circuit
(IC).
In its common mode of operation, two DC motors can
be driven simultaneously, both in forward and reverse
direction.
The motor operations of two motors can be controlled
by input logic at pins 2 & 7 and 10 & 15.
Input logic 00 or 11 will stop the corresponding motor.
Logic 01 and 10 will rotate it in clockwise and
anticlockwise directions, respectively.
Enable pins 1 and 9 (corresponding to the two motors)
must be high for motors to start operating. When an enable
input is high, the associated driver gets enabled
 LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY (LCD)
Most common LCDs connected to the microcontrollers are 16x2 and
20x2 displays.
This means 16 characters per line by 2 lines and 20 characters per line
by 2 lines, respectively.
The standard is referred to as HD44780U, which refers to the controller
chip which receives data from an external source (and communicates
directly with the LCD.
‘THANK YOU’