welcome

Wireless Power Transmission

using
solar space satellite

ABHISHEK V.R
S7cs
Roll no:2
 Presentation Outline
1.
1. Introduction
Introduction

2.
2. Wireless
WirelessPower
Power Transmission.
Transmission.

3.
3. Solar
Solarpower
powersatellite
satellite

4.Current
4.Current development
development

5. Challenges

6.
6.Pros
Pros&&cons
cons

7. conclusion
1.
1. Introduction
Introduction
 When asked shortly His prompt reply:
after WWII:

“Exponential growth
“Prof Einstein, what do
you see as the &
greatest threat to POLLUTION”
mankind?
introduction
Major problem facing Planet Earth is an
adequate supply of clean energy.
three simultaneous challenges
population growth
resource consumption
environmental degradation.
extensive use of "new renewable" by 2050
 Global
Global Power
Power Consumption
Consumption

Remote Sensing of Current Global Power Consumption:

A Composite Satellite Photograph of the Earth at Night
•• 2. Wireless
2. Wireless Power
Power Transmission
Transmission..

Wireless transmission of power is

similar in concept to information
transmission by communications
satellites, but at a higher intensity.
 History Nikola Tesla

• Nikola Tesla
• His objective was to
develop the
technology for
transmitting electricty
to anywer in the world
without wires
 1940’s to Present
• World War II developed ability to convert
energy to microwaves using a magnetron,
no method for converting microwaves
back to electricity

• 1964: William C. Brown demonstrated a

rectenna which could convert microwave
power to electricity
 Contd>>>

1980, 30 kW of microwave power was

transmitted to a receiving antenna over one
mile
1993, Japan successfully transmitted a
800W microwave beam from a rocket to a
free-flying satellite in space.

1998, Microwave to DC conversion efficiency

of 82% or higher by the rectenna.
3.
3. Solar
Solar power
power satellite
satellite

Geosynchronous
 Solar radiation can be more
efficiently collected in space
 collected 24 hours per day
SPS is most like Hydroelectric

• High Capital Costs

• Long Payback
• No Fossil Fuel Feed
• Renewable
 History

• 1968’s idea for Solar Power Satellites

proposed by Peter Glaser

• Idea gained momentum during the Oil

Crises of 1970’s, but after prices
stabilized idea was dropped
• 1973, Japan staned to implement the
Sunshine Plan
 WORKING

Capture solar energy in space

using SPS
Solar power from the satellite is
sent to Earth using 1) Microwave
2) laser
Received at a “rectenna” located
on Earth
 Transmitting Side:

AC Power Power Microwave

Outlet Conversion Transmitter

This
This converts transmits
This is the
the AC power to the
AC power a microwave microwave
supply power signal
power
signal
 Receiving Side

Rectenna Power Power Remote

Conversion Regulator Device

Remote
This Device uses
This converts the
regulates this DC power
microwave power signal to the same way
DC voltage
DC power signal it uses a
level
battery
 Rectenna

“An antenna comprising a mesh of dipoles

and diodes for absorbing microwave
energy from a transmitter and converting
it into electric power.”
• Microwaves are received with about
85% efficiency
• Around 5km across (3.1 miles)
• 95% of the beam will fall on the
rectenna
 5,000
5,000 MW
MW Receiving
Receiving Station
Station
(Rectenna). This
(Rectenna). This station
station is
is about
about aa
mile
mile and
and aa half
half long.
long.
 Physical Limitations

• The receiving diameter Dr

increases with transmitter receiver
separation distance S.
• Dr increases if transmitter diameter
Dt decreases
Physical Limitations
 Microwave vs. Laser
Transmission
• Microwave • Laser
– More developed
– Recently developed
– High efficiency up to solid state lasers
85% allow efficient transfer
– Beams is far below of power
the lethal levels of – Range of 10% to
concentration even for 20% efficiency within
a prolonged exposure a few years
– Cause interference – Conform to limits on
with satellite eye and skin damage
communication
industry
4.
4. Current
Current development
development
 NASA’s
NASA’s 1995-1997
1995-1997 Fresh
Fresh Look
Look Study
Study

MEO (Mid-Earth Orbit)

Sun Tower:

- 6 SPS yields near 24-hr

power to sites

- Power services of 200-

400 MW
 Contd>>>>
Solar Disc

- 1 SPS provides nearly

24-hr power to markets

- Geostationary Earth Orbit

- Power services of about

5 GW
per SPS
 1999-2000
1999-2000 Space
Space Solar
Solar Power
Power (SSP)
(SSP)
Exploratory
Exploratory Research
Research and
and Technology
Technology
(SERT)
(SERT) program
program
• Exploration and Commercial Development
 SPS 2000
• Japan is to build a low cost
demonstration of SPS by
2025.

• Eight countries along the

equator agreed to be the
rectenna sites.

• 10 MW satellite delivering
microwave power in the low
orbit 1100 km(683 miles)
– Will not be in
geosynchronous orbit,
instead low orbit 1100
km (683 miles)
– Much cheaper to put a
satellite in low orbit
 5. Challenges

High launch costs, which can run

roughly between $1,000 to $10,000
per pound,

mismatch between the time horizon

for the implementation of SSP and
that for the expansion of
conventional energy resources

The large scale of Space Solar

Power will require international
financing
6. Pros & cons
 Advantages
• Unlimited energy resource
• Energy delivered anywhere in the
world
• Zero fuel cost
• Zero CO2 emission
• Minimum long-range
environmental impact
• Solar radiation can be more
efficiently collected in space
 DisAdvantages

• Launch costs
• Would require a network of hundreds of
satellites
• The size of the antennas and rectennas
• Geosynchronous satellites would take up
large sections of space
• Interference with communication satellites
 Cont…
• Possible health hazards
– Effects of long term exposure
– Exposure is equal to the amount that
people receive from cell phones and
Microwaves

• Location
– The size of construction for the rectennas
is massive and also Implementation
Complexity
Early
Early and
and simple
simple schematic
schematic of
of how
how aa space
space solar
solar power
power satellite
satellite would
would beam
beam
energy
energy to
to electrical
electrical power
power grid
grid on
on Earth.
Earth. Credit:
Credit: Space
Space Studies
Studies Institute
Institute
Initial
Initial conceptual
conceptual looks
looksatat aa mega-engineering
mega-engineering project
project as
asshown
shown inin this
this Boeing
Boeingdesign.
design.
New
Newtechnologies
technologiespoint
point to
tomore
more efficient,
efficient, less
lessexpensive
expensive space
space solar
solar power
power systems.
systems.
Credit:
Credit: Boeing/Space
Boeing/SpaceStudies
StudiesInstitute
Institute
Vision
Vision on
on Future
Future Development
Development
Local
Local Regional
Regional Orbital
Orbital

Ability
Abilityto
to
Ability
Abilityto to transmit power
transmit power
transmit
transmit
Ability
Abilityto
to from
fromaa
power
powerfromfrom
transmit power
transmit power aa
within
withinaa geostationary
geostationary
local
localpower
power
laboratory
laboratory satellite
satelliteto
toaa
plant to local
plant to local specific
specific
households
households reception
receptionsite
site
6.
6. Conclusion
Conclusion
 Conclusion

• This idea worth to invest in since this

technology brings in virtually unlimited power
from the sun.

• This also benefits the intercontinental power

providers.

• Absolutely environmentally friendly since it is

emission-free
 Reference
1) “A Few Things you occasionally wanted to know about wireless power
transmission.” Potter, Seth.
http://www.spacefuture.com/archive/a_few_things_you_occasionally_wanted_to_k
now_about_wireless_power_transmission.shtml

2) “Solar Power Satellites and Microwave Power Transmission”

http://www.kentlaw.edu/classes/fbosselm/Spring2004/PowerPoints/Wireless%20P
ower%20Transmission%20-%20Soubel.ppt

3) www.on-orbit-
servicing.com/pdf/OOS2004_presentations_pdf/OOSIssuesOverview_Oda.pdf

4) www.kentlaw.edu/classes/fbosselm/Spring2004/ PowerPoints/Wireless%20Power
%20Transmission%20-%20Soubel.ppt

5) www.spacefuture.com/.../a_fresh_look_at_space_
solar_power_new_architectures_concepts_and_technologies.shtml

6) Lin, James C., “Space solar power stations, wireless power transmissions, and
biological implications”, IEEE microwave magazine, March, 2002
questions