What is Yarn?

A staple-spun yarn is a linear assembly of fibers, held together, usually

by the insertion of twist, to form a continuous strand, small in cross
section but of any specified length; it is used for interlacing in processes
such as knitting, weaving, and sewing.
The following three characteristics are evident for
staple spun yarn:
1. A linear assembly of fibers. The assembly could be of any thickness
2. The fibers are held together by twist. However, other means may be
used to achieve cohesion
3. There is a tendency for fibers to lie in parallel along the twist spiral.
 Classification of yarn
(1) Length of fiber e.g
(a)Spun yarn(Short staple and Long staple)
(b) Filament yarn(Monofilament, Multifilament)

(2) No of strand e.g (a)single yarn

(b)Ply or Double yarn
(c) Cable yarn
 Classification of yarn
(3) Spinning system (4) Types of fiber blend
(a) Ring yarn e.g. CVC, PC
(b) Rotor yarn (5) Process sequence used e.g
(c) Air jet yarn (a) Carded yarn
(d) Worsted yarn (b) Combed yarn
(e) Woollen yarn
Classification of yarn
(6) Use of yarn Special yarn:
(a) Woven Yarn • Siro
i)warp yarn • Inject
ii) weft yarn • Slub
(b) Knit Yarn • Melange
• Lorex
• Compact
Carded yarn Combed yarn
• Carded yarns are produced • Combed yarns are produced
including short fibers excluding short fibers
• Comparatively less regular yarn • More regular yarn
• Comparatively lower strength of • Comparatively higher breaking
yarn strength.
• Less lustrous • More lustrous
• Less costly • More costly
• Contain neps • No neps
• More hairy • Less hairy
• Lower quality of yarn • Higher quality of yarn
 Flow chart of carded yarn
Input material process Name out put material
Cotton bales Balemanagement Selection of the bales
Selected cotton bales Blow room Lap/opened flock cotton
Lap/opened flock cotton Carding Card sliver
Card sliver Breaker drawing Breaker drawn sliver
Breaker drawn sliver Finisher drawing Finisher drawn sliver
Finisher drawn sliver Simplex Roving
Roving Ring frame Carded ring yarn (ring
cops)
Carded ring yarn (ring Winding/autoconer Cone package of carded
cops) ring yarn
 Flow chart of combed yarn
Input material Process name Out put material
Cotton bales Bale management Selection of the bales

Selected cotton bales Blow room Lap/opened flock cotton

Lap/opened flock cotton Carding Card sliver

Card sliver Breaker drawing Breaker drawn sliver

Breaker drawn sliver Lap former Mini lap

Mini lap Comber Combed sliver

Combed sliver Finisher drawing Finisher drawn sliver

Finisher drawn sliver Simplex Roving
Roving Ring frame Combed ring yarn (ring cops)
Combed ring yarn (ring cops) Winding/autoconer Cone package of combeded ring
yarn
Cone package of combed ring yarn Conditioning Conditioned cone package