Principles of

Teaching

Session 4
Effective Teachers:
The Naturals
BOARDWORK – Think-Pair-Square

 In what ways is the teaching

profession an art?

 In what ways is the teaching

profession a science?
 Enjoying Learning
 Learning by Doing
 “Goofing Off”
– Passing notes
– Whispering
– Sharpening pencils
– Doodling
– Gazing out the window
Pair Partner Discussion
 Describe to your partner a memorable
time in which you and/or others in your
class were “goofing off.”

 Describe the reaction of a teacher you

had when students were “goofing off”
in class.
Working Yourself to Death
 Hand papers in
 Pass papers back
 Get into groups
 Line up
 Sit up
 Sit down
 Shut up
 Pay attention
 Helpless hand-raising
 Parent conferences
 Faculty/committee
meetings
 Grading papers
 Lesson planning
 “Natural” Teachers
 Natural teachers find the profession
exhilarating. They do not work
themselves to death.

 “NATURAL TEACHERS WORK

SMART, NOT HARD .”
 Characteristics of
Natural Teachers-
 Good Instincts
– Don’t have a clue
– Common Sense
 Make Management Affordable
 Make Management Look Easy

 Make Method Out of Magic

 Partner Teach
 Stand and teach the four
characteristics of natural teachers to
your partner.
 One minute.

 Switch.

 One minute.
 Beyond the Naturals
 Accumulation of many “natural”
teachers, not just one
 Positive Classroom
Management
 Classroom Structure
 Limit-Setting

 Responsibility Training
– Omission Training
 Back-up System
 Management Is
Leadership
 Management means getting things
done through people.
 Fundamentals are the same in
parenting, teaching, business, industry
 How to get people to do what you want
them to do:
– Correctly,
– On time,
– With a good attitude.
 The Three Areas of
Classroom Management
 Discipline

 Instruction

 Motivation
5 Elements to Discipline
 Get students on task
 Keep students on task

 Suppression of disruption

 Building patterns of cooperation

 Mutual respect within the classroom

 You Teach
 Turn to your partner and teach the five
elements to classroom discipline.
 Switch!
 Classroom Rules
Assignment
 Based on what you have read and
learned about classroom management
thus far, create a list of rules that you
will post in your classroom.
 Remember that rules should be:
– Brief
– Stated in the positive
– Something you are willing to enforce
consistently.
 Due: Tuesday, June 22, 2004
 Instruction
 How do you produce mastery and
independent learning in all students
without working yourself to death?
 Effective instruction requires the
integration of all modalities of learning
at every step of performance:
– The Verbal (Say)
– The Visual (See)
– The Physical (Do)
 Partner Teach
 Turn to your partner and teach your
partner how to produce mastery and
independent learning in all students.
 Switch.
 Motivation
 How do you get conscientiousness
and hard work from all of your
students?
 Quality control to classroom work

 Incentives for diligence

 Your Turn
 Turn to your partner and teach him/her
everything you have just learned about
the three areas of classroom
management:
– Discipline
– Instruction
– Motivation
 Switch.
Metaphor of the Effective Teacher
 Metaphor - the process
of describing one thing as if
it were another; figurative
language using literal
language to suggest an
analogy (i.e. the world is a
stage; the effective teacher
is an oak tree)
 Write a metaphor for
effective teaching
using what you have
learned from:
– Class Discussion
– Education, chapter 1
– Borich, chapter 1
– Martin, chapter 1
– Dimensions of Learning
(Dimension 1) and
– Personal Experience
 Word processed.
 One page minimum
 Two page maximum
 Criteria for Evaluation
– Explicit identification of
a metaphor
– Explanation of the
meaning of the
metaphor (multiple
facets required)
– Connections to the six
areas in the left column
– Word processed
– Adequate length
(meaningful prose, not
fluff)
 Closure
 Work as a team to WRITE a SUMMARY of
the important aspects of Borich, chapter 1.
– Divide sections of the chapter equally among
team members
– Have each member write a two-sentence
summary of the section s/he was assigned
– Combine each summary (in order), to make up a
complete chapter summary
– Have each member find a person from another
team and compare group summaries.
Principles of
Teaching

Introduction to
Positive Classroom
Management
 Dilemma
 How do you get people to do what you
want them to do:
– Correctly?
– On time?
– With a good attitude?
 Students Manage
Teachers Too
 Students have a head start
 Switching the Agenda
– Instruction
– Motivation
 Positive Classroom
Management
 Classroom Structure
 Limit-Setting

 Responsibility Training
– Omission Training
 Back-up System
 Classroom Structure
 Focuses upon arranging every aspect
of the classroom environment so that
learning becomes more likely and
“goofing off” becomes less likely.
 The cheapest way to manage any
problem is to prevent its occurrence.
 Classroom structure aims to do just
that.
 Limit-Setting
 Typically referred to as “meaning
business.”
 Limit setting is the body language by
which teachers convey their control of
classroom situations in a relaxed, yet
powerful manner.
Responsibility Training
 Responsibility Training focuses upon
the central issue of discipline
management in the classroom –
cooperation.
 The idea is to train the class to be
responsible for their actions in order to
maximize learning time while building
group cohesion and mutual respect.
 Back-up System
 A back-up system utilizes negative
sanctions to suppress severe behavior
problems.
 The school discipline code.

 The most expensive and failure-prone

portion of any discipline management
program.
 Partner Teach
 Stand-up, walk around the room and find a
partner who you have not worked with yet
this semester.
 Teach the four parts of Positive Classroom
Management to your partner:
– Classroom Structure
– Limit-Setting
– Responsibility Training
– Back-Up System
 One minute. Switch. One minute.
 Summary of Positive
Classroom Management
 Clarifying goals;
 Structuring the environment for success;

 Imparting necessary skills;

 Setting limits;

 Building cooperation; and

 Creating a sense of shared purpose.

These are the basics of leadership.

These are the basics of positive classroom
management.
 Two More Points
 Keep It Positive
– Traditional Wisdom
 Discipline equals punishment
 Putting the lid on it

– Self Discipline and Cooperation

 Lessons from rough kids
 Building patterns of cooperation
 Two More Points
 Keep It Cheap
– Basic Objectives
 Reducing Your Work Load and Stress
 Adding to Your Repertoire

– Choosing the Right Procedure

 Positive Classroom Discipline Is a System
 Criteria For Choosing
– Always choose the cheapest remedy
– If a discipline procedure is working, it will self-
eliminate.
 Closure
 Discuss the following questions with
your partner
– In what ways is the teaching profession
both an art and a science?
– How does the chapter on “The Master
Teacher” in the book Education relate to
today’s lesson and the lesson on “The
Naturals?”