Geographic Information Systems

Management Information and Control Systems

Learning Facilitator: Prof. Ashok Kumar Wahi

Submitted by :-
09609002 Shruti Vyas
09609081 Kanika Rao
09609082 Ankur Sreen
A13 - IIMICS

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Agenda
 Overview

 Libraries’ Use of GIS

 Hardware

 Software

 Costs

 Coordinating with Local Government

 Sources of Information

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Overview
GIS
 GIS - Geographic Information Systems;
 Geospatial Information Systems;
 Geologic Information Systems (also geospatial
database management)

What Information are we talking about?

 Information about anything that has a place (e.g.
locations of features, address of people) on
Earth’s surface, i.e. has coordinates
 Information about those features or people, i.e.
descriptions about them in tabular form

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Overview continued…

GIS- A computer-based system of:

• Capturing (data input)

• Storing (in various formats)
• Manipulating (editing, subtracting, etc.)
• Displaying (map, graphs, tables, etc.)
• Querying (finding subsets of data)
• Analyzing (seeing relationships between variables
or parameters)
of geographically referenced data

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Overview continued…

Data in GIS:

Historical data or Data already exist

Now available :
 New formats
 Including digitized maps
 Machine-readable census data
 Other machine readable data—including locally
produced machine-readable statistics.

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Overview continued…

Presenting the information visually make it easier to understand it

also makes it possible to ask questions that will result in
additional layers of information being added.

Framework for GIS analysis

Step 1: Ask
Step 2: Acquire
Step 3: Examine
Step 4: Analyze
Step 5: Act
 

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Libraries’
GIS offered by libraries:

 For research to Faculty and students

 Showing the distribution of potential environmental hazards
 To overlay income on a digital map for planning retail locations
 Especially to the business community
 Invested in GIS to improve their planning
 GIS – used in the planning of services to special populations.
 GIS – used in collection deptt.

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Software & Hardware
The minimum requirement of hardware for a
Desktop GIS system are:

•Processor of 2.0 GHz & 1.0 GB of memory.

•New machine purchased for GIS , rated at 4.0 GHz & 2.0
GB memory.
•Monitor should be of 24-inch or larger high-resolution ,
wide screen , flat panel.
•Photo Printer of at least 1200 by 1200.
•A scanner for entering information which is not in digital
form.

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Software & Hardware continued…

The software includes a graphical user interface for

downloading & viewing GIS information.

In GIS , user can edit attributes or location, change in

colour & resolution .merging , labeling , creating reports.

It also includes an editor for data manipulation & editing .

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Major Software Providers
Autodesk , offers autodesk

ESRI , offers ArcInfo/ArcView

Geographic Research Inc , offers Geomedia

Manifold Systems, offers Manifold Enterprise Edition

MapInfo , offers MapInfo

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Major Software Providers continued…

The target markets these companies are education,

manufacturing, shipping, retailing, & telecommunication ,
libraries.

The vendor having largest number of library customer in2009

1st quarter is CIVIC Technologies

The operating system environment for standalone system is

Windows XP or windows Vista & for server based is Windows
server 2008 or UNIX.

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Costs
 Hardware and System Software:
 Single desktop workstation: Min. USD 3,500
 Server and 5 desktop workstation: Min. USD 18,000

 Applications Software:
 From USD 395 to tens-of-thousands of dollars

 Spatial Data Used:

 Includes U.S. government data:
 From the U.S. Geological Service
 U.S. Census Bureau
 80% of all government data has a spatial component
 Depending on the amount of data required, prices can range from a
few hundred dollars to many thousand.

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Costs continued…

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Staffing Challenges
 Assistance of well trained technician required

 Assistance of software trained librarian

 Few qualified professionals

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Coordinating with Local Gov’t
 Many local governments, both municipal and county, have
GIS programs.

 Public libraries should coordinate their efforts with any that

may be underway in their jurisdictions.

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Sources of Information
Institution Website Link
GIS.com http://www.gis.com
Wikipedia.org http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GIS
GIS Portal http://www.gisportal.com
University of Edinburgh’s http://www.geo.ed.ac.uk/home/gishome.html
Department of Geography
and the Association of
Geographic Information
(UK)

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