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WASTE MANAGEMENT IN
MALAYSIA
Group members:
Siti Nursheela bt Abu Mansur
Norilyana bt Ramli
Noradiba bt Abd Kadir
Nazira bt Mahmud
Nurul Ain bt Borhan
In early days of abundant resources and
negligible development pressures, little
attention was paid to environmental issue,
although some environment related legislation
pertaining to different sectors was enacted.
The government has since as early as 1974
taken concrete steps by introducing an
enabling legislation called the Environmental
Quality Act, 1974.
The main objective of this act is to prevent,
abate and control pollution, and further
enhancing the quality of the environment in
this country.
The Department of Environment has been entrusted to
administer this legislation to ensure that Malaysia will
continue to enjoy both industrial grow and a healthy
living environment.
The government of Malaysia had very much depended
on the existing legal and institutional arrangements
for the implementation of its environment policy
objectives and strategies.
To make further progress in the protection and
preservation of the environment, the existing legal and
institutional arrangements ought to be augmented by
other policy instruments, including trade and economic
measures, tax and financial mechanisms, further R&D
and technology development and transfer, and other
institutional support, including nationalwide data
based management information system.
MALAYSIA ENVIRONMENT
POLICY
Malaysia’s overall environmental policy
objectives, since the Third Malaysian Plan (1976
1980), have always intended to balance the goals
of socioeconomic development and the need to
bring the benefits of development to a wide
spectrum of population, keeping in mind the
maintenance of sound environmental conditions.
The objectives of environmental management in Malaysia
continue to be based on fundamental policy directives elucidated
in the Fifth and Sixth Malaysian Plan, and as follows:
1. To maintain a clean and healthy environment
2. To maintain the quality of the environment relative to the needs
of the growing population
3. To minimize the impact of the growing population and human
activities relating to mineral exploration, deforestation,
agriculture, urbanization, tourism and the development of other
environmental resources
4. To balance the goal for socioeconomic development and the need
to bring the benefits of development to a wide spectrum of the
population, keeping in mind the maintenance of sound
environmental conditions
5. To place more emphasis on prevention through conservation
rather than on the curative measure, inter alia by preserving the
country’s unique and diverse cultural and natural heritage
6. To incorporate an environment dimension in project planning and
implementation, inter alia by determining the implications of the
proposed projects and the cost of the required environmental
mitigation measures.
STRATEGIES IN ENVIRONMENT
MANAGEMENT
Shortterm measures effectively implemented the existing
legislation to control discharges and emissions from existing
sources.
The mediumterm strategy involved the incorporation of an
environmental component into the development planning process.
The longterm strategy ensures that all development contain both
physical environment and quality of life aspects in their planning.
The act is the most comprehensive legislation to date for pollution
prevention, abatement and control as well as for environment
enhancement.
The enforcement of this act and the accompanying 16 sets of
Regulations and Orders has played a significant role in the
management of the environment, and in particular, with respect
to pollution control.
The following regulations and orders have been introduced under
the Environment Quality Act, 1974 and strictly enforced:
Control of Agro based Water pollution
Environmental Quality (licensing): Regulation 1977
Environmental Quality (Prescribed Premises): (Crude Palm Oil)
Order 1977
Environmental Quality (Prescribed Premises): (Raw Natural
Rubber) regulations 1978
Control of Municipal and Industrial Waste water pollution
Environmental Quality (Sewage and Industrial Effluents):
Regulations 1979
Environment Quality (Prohibition on the used of control
Substance in soap, synthetic detergent and other cleaning agent):
Order 1995
Control of Industrial Emissions
Environment Quality (Clean Air): Regulation 1978
Environment Quality (Compounding of offences): Rules 1978
Control of Motor Vehicle Emissions
Environment Quality (Control of lead concentration in Malaysia):
Regulations 1985
Environmental Quality (Motor vehicle Noise): Regulation 1987
Environmental Quality (Control of emission for diesel engine):
Regulations 1996
Environmental Quality (Control of emission for petrol engine):
Regulation 1996
Control of Toxic and Hazardous Wastes
Environmental Quality (Schedule wastes): Regulation 1989
Environmental Quality (Prescribed Premises) (Schedule waste treatment
and disposal facilities): Order 1989
Environmental Quality (Prescribed Premises) (Schedule waste treatment
and disposal facilities): Regulation 1989
Integration of Environment and Development
Environmental Quality (Prescribed Activities) (Environmental Impact
Assestment): Order 1987
Control of Substances That Deplete the Ozone Layer
Environmental Quality (Prohibition on the use of Chlorofluorocarbons
and other gas propellants and blowing agents): Order 1993
IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGIES
Monitoring and Enforcement
Monitoring is done on a regular basis in order to
collect and compile environmental data that is
required for the assessment of the state of the
environment.
The assessment is basically a prerequisite to
enforcement action. The highest priority of such action
is given to the most critical area and thus, the major
contributing sources of pollution.
Enforcement
1. Control of Mobile Sources
2. Control of AgroBased Prescribed and NonPrescribed
Premises
3. Schedule Waste Management
Monitoring
1. Water Quality Monitoring
2. Noise and Air Quality Monitoring
ENVIRONMENTAL DIMENSION IN POLICY AND
DEVELOPMENT PLANNING
The following are some of the environmental guidelines that have been
prepared for adoption by the various development agencies at the
Federal, State and the Local Government levels:
Guidelines for Siting and Zoning of Industries (1976); Revised (1994)
Guidelines for air Pollution Control Measures in Palm Oil (1997)
Guidelines for Prevention and Control of Soil Erosion and siltation (1978); Revised (1996)
Code of Practice Manual for Service Stations (1980); Revised (1993)
Guidelines for the Open Burning of Felled Plant Materials (Agricultural Wastes) (1981);
Revised (1994)
Recommended Code of Practice for the Disposal of Solid Wastes on Land (1985)
Guidelines for Collection, Storage, handling and Disposal of Hazardous Waste (1985)
A Handbook of Environmental Impact Assessment : Procedures and Guidelines (1987) ;
reviesd (1995)
Environmental Requirement ; A guide for Investors (1989); Revised (1992 1994)
EIA Procedure and Requirement in Malaysia (1990) : Revised ( 1991 1992 1993 1994)
Guidelines for Export of Scheduled Waste (1993)
Guidelines for Storage of Scheduled Waste (1993)
Guidelines for Import of scheduled Waste (1994)
Environmental Impact Assessment Guideline for Coastal Resort Development Projects (1994)
Environmental Impact Assessment Guideline for Industrial Estate Development (1994)
Environmental Impact Assessment Guideline for Golf Course Development (1994)
Guidelines on Control Measures for the protection of Ozone Layer (1994)
Guideline on the Management and Disposal Of Waste in Upstream Petroleum
Industries (1994)
Guideline on the Management and Disposal Of Waste in Downstream Petroleum
Industries (1994)
Environmental Impact Assessment Guideline for Groundwater and/or Surface Water
Supply Projects (1995)
Environmental Impact Assessment Guideline for Thermal Power Generation and/or
Transmission Projects (1995)
Environmental Impact Assessment Guideline for Drainage and/or Irrigation Projects
(1995)
Environmental Impact Assessment Guideline for fishing Harbours and/or landbased
Aquaculture Projects (1995)
Environmental Impact Assessment Guideline for Dams and/or Reservoir
Guidelines for Dam and/or Reservoir Projects (1995)
EIA Guidelines for Coastal Resort & Recreation Project (1994)
EIA Guidelines for Industrial Estate Development (1994)
EIA Guidelines for Petrochemical Industries (1994)
Guidelines on Zero Burning of Felled Plant Material (1994)
Guidelines on Control Measures for Montreal Protocol Substances that deplete the
Ozone Layer (1994)
Guidelines for Project Preparation under Montreal Protocol Multilateral Fund (1994)
Guidelines for Management and Disposal of Wastes for Down Stream Petroleum
Industries (1994)
Guidelines for Management and Disposal of Wastes for Upstream Petroleum Industries
(1994)
Notification and Control Procedure for Movement of Wastes between Singapore and