SARVAJANIK EDUCATION

SOCIETY
SARVAJANIK COLLEGE OF
ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
SURAT

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT

Pressure measurements
Instrumentation and process control (2150504)

Submitted to: Name Enroll no.

Prof. Anand Upadhyay Parasana Nautam 150420105036

(of B.E 3 CH – Sem. 5)

Academic Year 2017
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CONTENT
1.Introduction of pressure measurement equipments
2.Introduction to manometer
3.Liquid column manometer
3.1 introduction
3.2 Rough diagram
4.Enlarge leg manometer
4.1 introduction
4.2 Rough diagram
5.Inclined tube manometer
5.1 introduction
5.2 Rough diagram

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CONTENT
6.Ringmanometer
6.1 introduction
6.2 Rough diagram
7.Tilting U-tube manometer
7.1 introduction
7.2 Rough diagram

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 1.Introduction of pressure
measurement equipments
• Pressure measurement is the analysis of an applied
force by a fluid (liquid or gas) on a surface. Pressure
is typically measured in units of force per unit of
surface area.
• Many techniques have been developed for the
measurement of pressure and vacuum.
• Instruments used to measure and display pressure in
an integral unit are called pressure gauges or vacuum
gauges.

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 2.Introduction to manometer

• Manometers are devices in which columns of a suitable liquid are used to

measure the difference in pressure between two points or between a certain
point and the atmosphere.

http://qtxasset.com/files/sensorsmag/nodes/2001/1073/fig1.gif

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 3.Liquid column manometer
• Liquid column gauges consist of a column of liquid in a tube whose ends are
exposed to different pressures. The column will rise or fall until its weight (a force
applied due to gravity) is in equilibrium with the pressure differential between the
two ends of the tube (a force applied due to fluid pressure). A very simple version is
a U-shaped tube half-full of liquid, one side of which is connected to the region of
interest while the reference pressure (which might be the atmospheric pressure or a
vacuum) is applied to the other.

https://dir.indiamart.com/ahmedabad/manometer.html
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 4.Enlarge leg manometer

• Industrially, the simple U - tube manometer has the disadvantage that the
movement of the liquid in both the limbs must be read.

• By making the diameter of one leg large as compared with the other, it is
possible to make the movement the large leg very small, so that it is only
necessary to read the movement of the liquid in the narrow leg.

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 4.Enlarge leg manometer

• If the fluid density is negligible compared with the manometric fluid density
• ( eg. the case for air as the fluid and water as manometric fluid ), then

P1 - P2 = ρm gh

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