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and Percents
Parts of the whole
Let’s watch this clip to see how some people
can be confused on how fractions and percents
can be used as examples.
Percent comes from the Latin
per centum, or “per hundred”
Consequently, a number such as
32% can be written as “32 per
hundred” or the fraction 32/100.
This fraction is equivalent to the
decimal 0.32.
Percent – is a ratio of a number
to 100.
The word “percent” meaning “per hundred” is used to
show parts of a whole, the same as a fraction is used
to represent part of a whole.
If you had a pizza that was cut into 100 pieces, 25%
of the pizza would be 25 pieces!
Let’s begin with a simple concept. Consider the
blue square below. Let’s think of this blue square
as One Whole Square. How let’s divide it into 100
pieces—every piece just the same size as every
other piece. We can easily see that every one of
the 100 pieces is shaded blue. So we say 100% of
the square is shaded blue. So 100% and 1 Whole
are the same thing.
Since percent means “per hundred” it tells us how
many for each hundred, 25% means 25 for each
hundred, or 25 out of each hundred.
Here is our One Whole Square with a portion
shaded green. What percent is shaded green. In
percent, every whole is divide into 100 pieces.
Now count the pieces shaded green. There are 50
pieces out of 100 shaded green, so 50% is green.
Once again our One Whole Square has a
portion shaded, this time it’s blue. What
percent is shaded blue. Remember, in
percents, every quantity is divided into 100
pieces. Now count the pieces shaded blue.
There are 86 pieces out of 100 shaded blue, so
86% of the pieces are shaded blue.
Can you calculate what percent of our “One
Whole” that is shaded red?
The Relationship
Between Fractions
Decimals and Percents
All represent part of a whole
How do we get from one
form to another?
A percent is based on the number in
terms of 100 or “per hundred”.
12%; 4%; 0.05%...
A fraction is based on
the number into which
the whole is divided A decimal is based on
(the denominator). the number in terms
The numerator (the top) of tenth, hundredths,
is the PART, the thousandths, etc…
denominator (the 0.5; 0.05; 0.005
bottom) is the whole.
½; ¼; ⅝…
Fraction to Decimal Divide the denominator
(the bottom of the
numerator fraction) into the
numerator (the top of
the fraction). Place a
decimal after the
number inside the
division “box” and attach
as many zeros as
necessary to complete
denominator
the division. If the
quotient does not come
out evenly, follow the
rules for “rounding off”
numbers.
Decimal to percent
50% = .50
50 ÷ 100 = .50
Move the decimal point
two (2) places to the
left (this divides the
number by 100)
Percent to fraction
7.9975 = d Multiply.
3) from 75 to 150
4) from 9 to 5
5) from $575 to $405
6) An automobile dealer agrees to reduce the
sticker price of a car priced at $10,288 by 5%
for a customer. What is the price of the car for
the customer?
Simple Interest
I=P·r·t
When you keep money in a savings account, your
money earns interest.
Interest – the amount that is collected or paid
for the use of money.
For example, the bank pays you interest to use
your money to conduct its business. Likewise,
when you borrow money from the bank, the bank
charges interest on its loans to you.
One type of interest, called simple interest, is
money paid only on the principal (the amount
saved or borrowed). To solve problems involving
simple interest, you use the simple interest
formula. I = Prt
Most loans and savings accounts today use
compound interest. This means that interest
is paid not only on the principal but also on all
the interest earned up to that time.
Interest rate of interest per year
(as a decimal)
I=P·r·t
Principal time in years that the
money earns interest
Using the simple
Interest Formula
I = ?, P = $225, r = 3%, t = 2 years
I=P·r·t Substitute. Use 0.03 for 3%
300 = 5000r
300/5000 = 5000r/5000 Divide by 5,000 to isolate variable
r = 0.06 Interest rate is 6%
Solve the
following
A = 10765.16303 = $10,765.16
find withholding
$114.75 is what % of $1,500 or
What % of $1,500 is $114.75
tax