Hydraulic Calculations

Hydraulic Calculations
• The proposal is to calculate the maximum required flow and

pressures at the building main fire inlet.
• The calculations will be held for sprinklers & hose system for the
building on basis of light hazard occupancies.
Area Of Operation
Terms of choosing this area:
• Most remoted area from the pump
• Classified at the highest hazard
Type of hazard Light Hazard

Area of operation = 14.15 * 13.06 = 199.515 m2
= 2147 ft2
• The following formula shall be used through the hydraulic calculation
A) Hazen - Williams formula to determine pipe friction losses
∇P 4.52 ∗ Q1.85
= 1.85
Lt C ∗ d4.87
Where
P = friction resistance in psi
Q = flow in gpm
C = friction losses coefficient (Refer to appendix A)
D = actual internal diameter of pipe in inches
Lt = total length of the pipe
Appendix (A)
• B) calculating pressure at any sprinkler basis on the following formula
Q=K 𝑃
Where:
Q = flow rate in gpm
K = factor for sprinkler (Refer to appendix B)
P = pressure in psi
Appendix (B)
C) Equivalent pipe lengths of valves and fittings
To determine the equivalent length of pipe for fittings and devices
unless manufacture's test data indicate that other factors are
appropriate (Refer to appendix C)
Appendix (C)
from (Area/density) Chart we can get the flow density
in the present case density from (Area/density Chart) = 0.085 gpm/ft2

𝑄𝑚𝑖𝑛. = density x sprinkler coverage area
𝑄𝑚𝑖𝑛. = 0.085 * 205 = 17.425 gpm
This is to say that the furthest sprinkler head from the supply must deliver 17.425
gpm
Selecting a sprinkler outlet of 0.5 inch that has k factor = 5.6
20 19 17 18
16
At Point 1:
Q1 = 𝑄𝑚𝑖𝑛. = 17.425 gpm
𝑄1 = K 𝑃1
17.425 = 5.6 * 𝑃1
15 14 11 12 13 P1 = 9.6821 psi
From Hazen-Williams Equation:
∆𝑃 4.52 ∗ 𝑄1.85
= 1.85
𝐿𝑡 𝐶 ∗ 𝑑 4.87
C = 120, d = 1', L = 13.13 ft
10 9 6 7 8
& Q = 17.425 gpm
∴ ∆𝑃1-2 = 1.6714 psi
∆𝑃 = 1.6714
1 2 3 4 5
Q1 =17.425 gpm
P1 = 9.6821 psi
20 19 17 18
16
At Point 2:
∴∆𝑃1-2 = 1.6714 psi
∆𝑃1-2 = P2 – P1
1.6714 = P2 – 9.6821
15 14 11 12 13 P2 = 11.3535 psi
𝑄2 = K P2 = 5.6 * 11.3535 = 18.8692 gpm
∆𝑃 4.52 ∗ 𝑄1.85
= 1.85
10 9 6 7 8 𝐿𝑡 𝐶 ∗ 𝑑 4.87
Q3 = Q1 + Q2 = 17.425 + 18.8692 = 36.2942 gpm
Fittings = 1 T1'' (of 1'' pipe)
Leq = 5 ft
∆𝑃 = 1.6714 ∆𝑃 = 6.5149
LT2−3 = LPipe + Leq = 6.565 + 5
1 2 3 4 5 = 11.565 ft
C = 120, d= 1'
∴ ∆𝑃2-3 = 6.5149 psi
Q1 =17.425 gpm 𝑄2 = 18.8692 gpm
P1 = 9.6821 psi P2 = 11.3535 psi
20 19 17 18
16
At Point 3:
Q3 = 36.2942 gpm
∆𝑃2-3 = P3 - P2
6.5149 = P3 – 11.3535
15 14 11 12 13 P3 = 17.0749 psi
Similar for branch (3-5):
Q4 = 18.8692 gpm
P4 = 11.3535 psi
Q5 = 17.425 gpm
10 9 6 7 8 P5 = 9.3821 psi
∆𝑃 = 1.6714 ∆𝑃 = 6.5149 ∆𝑃 = 6.5149 ∆𝑃 = 1.6714

1 2 3 4 5
Q1 =17.425 gpm 𝑄2 = 18.8692 gpm 𝑄4 = 18.8692 gpm Q5 =17.425 gpm

P1 = 9.6821 psi P2 = 11.3535 psi P4 = 11.3535 psi P5 = 9.6821 psi
20 19 17 18
16
At point 6:
∆𝑃 4.52 ∗ 𝑄1.85
= 1.85
𝐿𝑡 𝐶 ∗ 𝑑 4.87
15 14 11 12 13
C = 120, d = 1.5'
Fittings = 1 T1.5'' (of 1.5'' pipe)
Leq = 8 ft
LT3−6 = LPipe + Leq = 13.13 + 8 = 21.13 ft
Q3-6 = 2 * Q2-3 = 2 * 36.2942 = 72.5884 gpm
10 9 6 7 8
∴ ∆𝑃3-6 = 5.2311 psi
∆𝑃 =5.2311
Q =72.5884
∆𝑃3-6 = P6 – P3
5.2311 = P6 – 17.0749
∆𝑃 = 1.6714 ∆𝑃 = 6.5149 ∆𝑃 = 6.5149
P6 = 22.306 psi
∆𝑃 = 1.6714
1 2 3 4 5

20 19 17 18
16
For branch (6-8):
𝑄8 = K P8 … (1)
Apply Hazen-Williams Equation for Pipe (7-8):
∆P 4.52 ∗ Q1.85
11 12 13 = … (2)
15 14 Lt C1.85 ∗d4.87
𝑄7 = K P7 … (3)
Apply Hazen-Williams Equation for Pipe (6-7)
∆P 4.52 ∗ Q1.85
= … (4)
Lt C1.85 ∗d4.87
10 9 6 7 8 P6 = P7 + ∆𝑃6-7 … for check
∆𝑃 =5.2311
Q =72.5884
Now we have 4 equations for 4 unknows (Q8,

P8,∆𝑃7-8, Q7, ∆𝑃6-7), so by iteration we can get
∆𝑃 = 1.6714 ∆𝑃 = 6.5149 ∆𝑃 = 6.5149 ∆𝑃 = 1.6714
the 4 unknows assuming an initial value for Q8
1 2 3 4 5 = 19 gpm

20 19 17 18
16
15 14 11 12 13
10 9 6 7 8
∆𝑃 =5.2311
Q =72.5884
∆𝑃 = 1.6714 ∆𝑃 = 6.5149 ∆𝑃 = 6.5149 ∆𝑃 = 1.6714

1 2 3 4 5

20 19 17 18
16
Then,
Q8 = 20.01 gpm
P8 = 12.7679 psi
15 14 11 12 13 ∆𝑃7-8 = 2.1589 psi
P7 = 14.9267 psi
Q7 = 21.6357 gpm
∆𝑃6-7 = 7.3791 psi
∆𝑃=2.1589 ∆𝑃=7.3791 ∆𝑃= 7.3791 ∆𝑃=2.1589 Similar for branch (6-10)
10 9 6 7 8 Q9 = 21.6357 gpm
P9 = 14.9267 psi
∆𝑃 =5.2311
Q =72.5884
Q10 = 20.01 gpm

Q10 = 20.01 gpm Q9 = 21.6357 gpm Q7 = 21.6357 gpm Q8 = 20.01 gpm
P10 = 12.7679 psi
∆𝑃 = 1.6714 ∆𝑃 = 6.5149 ∆𝑃 = 6.5149 ∆𝑃 = 1.6714
1 2 3 4 5

20 19 17 18
16
At point 11:
∆𝑃 4.52 ∗ 𝑄1.85
= 1.85
𝐿𝑡 𝐶 ∗ 𝑑 4.87
15 14 11 12 13
C = 120, d = 2'
∆𝑃 =5.8006
Q =155.88
Leq = 10 ft
LT6−11 = LPipe + Leq = 13.13 + 10 =
∆𝑃=2.1589 ∆𝑃=7.3791 ∆𝑃= 7.3791 ∆𝑃=2.1589
23.13 ft
10 9 6 7 8
Q6-11 = 2 * Q6-7 + Q3-6 = (2 * 41.6457) + 72.5884 =
∆𝑃 =5.2311
Q =72.5884
155.8797 gpm
∴ ∆𝑃6-11 = 5.8006 psi
P10 = 12.7679 psi P9 = 14.9267 psi P7 = 14.9267 psi P8 = 12.7679 psi ∆𝑃11-6 = P11 – P6
∆𝑃 = 1.6714 ∆𝑃 = 6.5149 ∆𝑃 = 6.5149 ∆𝑃 = 1.6714
5.8006 = P11 – 22.3058
1 2 3 4 5
P11 = 28.1064 psi

20 19 17 18
16
For branch (11-13):
𝑄13 = K P13 … (1)
∆P 4.52 ∗ Q1.85
11 12 13 = … (2)
15 14 Lt C1.85 ∗d4.87
𝑄12 = K P12 … (3)
∆𝑃 =5.8006
Q =155.88
∆P 4.52 ∗ Q1.85
= … (4)
∆𝑃=2.1589 ∆𝑃=7.3791 ∆𝑃= 7.3791 ∆𝑃=2.1589
Lt C1.85 ∗d4.87
10 9 6 7 8 P11 = P12 + ∆𝑃11-12 … for check
∆𝑃 =5.2311
Q =72.5884
P13,∆𝑃12-13, Q12, ∆𝑃11-12), so by iteration we can

Q10 = 20.01 gpm Q9 = 21.6357 gpm Q7 = 21.6357 gpm Q8 = 20.01 gpm get the 4 unknows assuming an initial value for
∆𝑃 = 1.6714 ∆𝑃 = 6.5149 ∆𝑃 = 6.5149 ∆𝑃 = 1.6714
Q13 = 26 gpm
1 2 3 4 5

20 19 17 18
16
First pipe (12-13) Second pipe (11-12)
d (in) C L (ft) d (in) C L (ft)
check
1 120 13.13 1.5 120 11.565
14 11 12 13 Q (gpm) P (psi) dP (psi) P (psi) Q (gpm) dP (psi) p (psi)
15
26.0000 21.5561 3.5044 25.0606 28.0339 1.6583 26.7189
∆𝑃 =5.8006
Q =155.88
26.2000 21.8890 3.5545 25.4435 28.2473 1.6819 27.1254
P12 = 26.3676 psi 26.4000 22.2245 3.6048 25.8293 28.4606 1.7056 27.5349
Q12 = 28.7557 gpm
∆𝑃=2.1589 ∆𝑃=7.3791 ∆𝑃= 7.3791 ∆𝑃=2.1589 26.6000 22.5625 3.6555 26.2180 28.6740 1.7294 27.9474
10 9 6 7 8 26.6700 22.6814 3.6733 26.3547 28.7486 1.7378 28.0925
∆𝑃 =5.2311
Q =72.5884
26.6760 22.6916 3.6749 26.3665 28.7550 1.7385 28.1050

Q10 = 20.01 gpm Q7 = 21.6357 gpm
26.6766 22.6926 3.6750 26.3676 28.7557 1.7386 28.1062
Q9 = 21.6357 gpm Q8 = 20.01 gpm
∆𝑃 = 1.6714 ∆𝑃 = 6.5149 ∆𝑃 = 6.5149 ∆𝑃 = 1.6714
1 2 3 4 5

20 19 17 18
16
Then,
Q13 = 26.6766 gpm
∆P = 3.675 ∆P =1.7386 ∆P =1.7386 ∆P = 3.675
14 11 12 13 P13 = 22.626 psi
15
∆P12-13 = 3.675 psi
∆𝑃 =5.8006
Q =155.88
P12 = 26.3676 psi
Q13 = 26.6766 gpm P12 = 26.3676 psi P12 = 26.3676 psi Q13 = 26.6766 gpm Q12 = 28.7557 gpm
P13 = 22.626 psi Q12 = 28.7557 gpm Q12 = 28.7557 gpm P13 = 22.626 psi
∆𝑃=2.1589 ∆𝑃=7.3791 ∆𝑃= 7.3791 ∆𝑃=2.1589
∆P11-12 = 1.7386 psi
10 9 6 7 8 Similar for branch (11-15):
Q15 = 26.6766 gpm
∆𝑃 =5.2311
Q =72.5884
P15 = 22.626 psi

Q10 = 20.01 gpm Q9 = 21.6357 gpm Q7 = 21.6357 gpm Q8 = 20.01 gpm P14 = 26.3676 psi
∆𝑃 = 1.6714 ∆𝑃 = 6.5149 ∆𝑃 = 6.5149 ∆𝑃 = 1.6714
Q14 = 28.7557 gpm
1 2 3 4 5

20 19 17 18
16
At point 16:
∆𝑃 = 5.7432
Q= 266.7443
∆𝑃 4.52 ∗ 𝑄1.85
= 1.85
∆P = 3.675 ∆P =1.7386 ∆P =1.7386 ∆P = 3.675 𝐿𝑡 𝐶 ∗ 𝑑 4.87
15 14 11 12 13
C = 120, d = 2.5'
Fittings = 1 T2.5'' (of 2.5'' pipe)
∆𝑃 =5.8006
Q =155.88
P12 = 26.3676 psi Q13 = 26.6766 gpm
Leq = 12 ft
Q13 = 26.6766 gpm P12 = 26.3676 psi
P13 = 22.626 psi Q12 = 28.7557 gpm Q12 = 28.7557 gpm P13 = 22.626 psi LT11−16 = LPipe + Leq = 13.13 + 12 = 25.13 ft
∆𝑃=2.1589 ∆𝑃=7.3791 ∆𝑃= 7.3791 ∆𝑃=2.1589
Q11-16 = 2 * Q11-12 + Q6-11 = (2 * 55.4323) + 155.8797
10 9 6 7 8
= 266.7443 gpm
∆𝑃 =5.2311
Q =72.5884
∴ ∆𝑃11-16 = 5.7432 psi

∆𝑃11-6 = P16 – P11
P10 = 12.7679 psi P9 = 14.9267 psi P7 = 14.9267 psi P8 = 12.7679 psi 5.7432 = p16 – 28.1062
∆𝑃 = 1.6714 ∆𝑃 = 6.5149 ∆𝑃 = 6.5149 ∆𝑃 = 1.6714
P16 = 33.849 psi
1 2 3 4 5

20 19 17 18
16
For branch (16-18):
∆𝑃 = 5.7432
Q= 266.7443
𝑄18 = K P18 … (1)
∆P = 3.675 ∆P =1.7386 ∆P =1.7386 ∆P = 3.675 ∆P 4.52 ∗ Q1.85
11 12 13 = … (2)
15 14 Lt C1.85 ∗d4.87
𝑄17 = K P17 … (3)
∆𝑃 =5.8006
Q =155.88
Q13 = 26.6766 gpm P12 = 26.3676 psi Q12 = 28.7557 gpm Q13 = 26.6766 gpm ∆P 4.52 ∗ Q1.85
P13 = 22.626 psi Q12 = 28.7557 gpm P12 = 26.3676 psi P13 = 22.626 psi = … (4)
∆𝑃=2.1589 ∆𝑃=7.3791 ∆𝑃= 7.3791 ∆𝑃=2.1589
Lt C1.85 ∗d4.87
10 9 6 7 8 P16 = P17 + ∆𝑃16-17 … for check
∆𝑃 =5.2311
Q =72.5884

Q10 = 20.01 gpm Q9 = 21.6357 gpm Q7 = 21.6357 gpm Q8 = 20.01 gpm P18,∆𝑃17-18, Q12, ∆𝑃16-17), so by iteration we can get
∆𝑃 = 1.6714 ∆𝑃 = 6.5149 ∆𝑃 = 6.5149 ∆𝑃 = 1.6714
the 4 unknows assuming an initial value for Q18 =
1 2 3 4 5 29 gpm

20 19 17 18
16
∆𝑃 = 5.7432
Q= 266.7443
First pipe (17-18) Second pipe (16-17)
d (in) C L (ft) d (in) C L (ft)
check
1 120 13.13 1.5 120 11.565
∆P = 3.675 ∆P =1.7386 ∆P =1.7386 ∆P = 3.675 Q (gpm) P (psi) dP (psi) P (psi) Q (gpm) dP (psi) p (psi)
15 14 11 12 13
29.0000 26.8176 4.2890 31.1066 31.2330 2.0273 33.1339
∆𝑃 =5.8006
Q =155.88
29.1000 27.0029 4.3164 31.3193 31.3396 2.0402 33.3595
P12 = 26.3676 psi Q13 = 26.6766 gpm
29.2000 27.1888 4.3439 31.5326 31.4462 2.0532 33.5858
Q13 = 26.6766 gpm Q12 = 28.7557 gpm
P13 = 22.626 psi Q12 = 28.7557 gpm P12 = 26.3676 psi P13 = 22.626 psi 29.3000 27.3753 4.3714 31.7467 31.5528 2.0661 33.8129
∆𝑃=2.1589 ∆𝑃=7.3791 ∆𝑃= 7.3791 ∆𝑃=2.1589
29.3100 27.3940 4.3742 31.7682 31.5634 2.0674 33.8356
10 9 6 7 8
29.3120 27.3977 4.3747 31.7725 31.5656 2.0677 33.8401
∆𝑃 =5.2311
Q =72.5884
29.3140 27.4015 4.3753 31.7768 31.5677 2.0679 33.8447

Q10 = 20.01 gpm Q7 = 21.6357 gpm Q8 = 20.01 gpm
29.3160 27.4052 4.3758 31.7811 31.5698 2.0682 33.8493
Q9 = 21.6357 gpm
∆𝑃 = 1.6714 ∆𝑃 = 6.5149 ∆𝑃 = 6.5149 ∆𝑃 = 1.6714
1 2 3 4 5

∆P = 4.3758 ∆P= 2.0682 ∆P= 2.0682 ∆P = 4.3758
20 19 17 18
16
∆𝑃 = 5.7432
Q= 266.7443
Then,
Q18 = 29.316 gpm
Q17 = 31.5698 gpm Q18 = 29.316 gpm Q17 = 31.5698 gpm
P18 = 27.4052 psi
Q18 = 29.316 gpm
P17 = 31.7811 psi P18 = 27.4052 psi P17 = 31.7811 psi
P18 = 27.4052 psi
∆P = 3.675 ∆P =1.7386 ∆P =1.7386 ∆P = 3.675
15 14 11 12 13 ∆P17-18 = 4.3758 psi
P17 = 31.7811 psi
∆𝑃 =5.8006
Q =155.88
Q17 = 31.5698 gpm
Q13 = 26.6766 gpm P12 = 26.3676 psi Q12 = 28.7557 gpm Q13 = 26.6766 gpm ∆P16-17 = 2.0682 psi
P13 = 22.626 psi Q12 = 28.7557 gpm P12 = 26.3676 psi P13 = 22.626 psi
∆𝑃=2.1589 ∆𝑃=7.3791 ∆𝑃= 7.3791 ∆𝑃=2.1589
Similar for branch (16-20)
10 9 6 7 8 Q19 = 31.5698 gpm
P19 = 31.7811 psi
∆𝑃 =5.2311
Q =72.5884
Q20 = 29.316 gpm

Q10 = 20.01 gpm Q9 = 21.6357 gpm Q7 = 21.6357 gpm Q8 = 20.01 gpm P20 = 27.4052 psi
∆𝑃 = 1.6714 ∆𝑃 = 6.5149 ∆𝑃 = 6.5149 ∆𝑃 = 1.6714
Q16-21 = 2 * Q16-17 + Q11-16 = (2 * 60.8858) +
1 2 3 4 5 266.7443 = 388.516 gpm

21
ZCV
For Pipe (16-21):
∆𝑃 4.52 ∗ 𝑄1.85
= 1.85
𝐿𝑡 𝐶 ∗ 𝑑 4.87
C = 120, d = 3'
Q16-21 = 405.3215
Fittings = 7T3'' (of 3'' pipe) + 4 90Elbow3'' (of 3'' pipe)
Leq = (7*15) + (4*7) = 133 ft
LT16−21 = LPipe + Leq = 206.69 + 133 = 339.69 ft
∆𝑃16-21 = 64.0563 psi
∆𝑃16-21 = P21 - P16
64.0563 = P21 – 33.8493
P21 = 97.9055 psi @ raiser
21
ZCV
Now we will calculate pressure losses and flow for the
added Hose cabinets to check the pressure at each
cabinet is to be more than 65 psi.
We add 2 Hose cabinets of Class I ,250 gpm each
connected from the riser before the ZCV on pipes (21-
FHC 2 23 22) & (21-23)
22
FHC 1
21
ZCV
For Pipe (21-22):
Q21-22 = Sprinkler flow + the flow required for one hose
Q21-22 = 388.516 + 250 = 638.516 gpm
Fittings = 4 90°Elbow2.5'' (of 2.5'' pipe)
Leq = 4*6 = 24 ft
23 LT21−22 = LPipe + Leq = 131.25 + 24 = 155.25 ft
∆𝑃 4.52 ∗ 𝑄1.85
FHC 2
22 = 1.85
𝐿𝑡 𝐶 ∗ 𝑑 4.87
C = 120, d = 2.5'
FHC 1
∆𝑃22-21 = 31.4707 psi

∆𝑃22-21 = P21 - P22
31.4707 = 97.9055 – P22
P22 = 66.435 psi
The estimated pressure P22 = 66.435 psi > 65 psi, so it is
accepted
21
ZCV
For Pipe (21-23):
Q21-23 = Sprinkler flow + the flow required for one hose
Q21-23 = 388.516 + 250 = 638.516 gpm
Fittings = 1T2.5'' (of 2.5'' pipe)
Leq = 12 ft
23 LT21−23 = LPipe + Leq = 8.2 + 12 = 20.2 ft
∆𝑃 4.52 ∗ 𝑄1.85
FHC 2
22 = 1.85
𝐿𝑡 𝐶 ∗ 𝑑 4.87
C = 120, d = 2.5'
FHC 1
∆𝑃23-21 = 4.0947 psi

∆𝑃23-21 = P21 - P23
4.0947 = 97.9055 – P23
P23 = 93.8108 psi
The estimated pressure P23 = 93.8108 psi > 65 psi, so it
is accepted
21
ZCV
Pump Pressure:
Qt = Sprinkler flow + Non-sprinkler flow
Qt = 415.9548 + 500 = 915.9548 gpm
∆𝑃 4.52 ∗ 𝑄1.85
23 = 1.85
𝐿𝑡 𝐶 ∗ 𝑑 4.87
C = 120, d = 6'
FHC 2

22 Leq = 7 * 30 = 210 ft
LT = LPipe + Leq = 90.22 + 210 = 300.22 ft
FHC 1
∆𝑃21-24 =9.46 psi

9.46 = P24 – 97.9055
P24 = 107.3655 psi
Pelevation = 998*9.81*27.8 = 272172.564 pascal
Pelevation = 39.4753 psi
24
21
ZCV
∆𝑃 4.52 ∗ 𝑄1.85
= 1.85
𝐿𝑡 𝐶 ∗ 𝑑 4.87
C = 120, d = 6'
Fittings = 2 90°Elbow6'' (of 6'' pipe)
23
Leq = 2 * 14 = 28 ft
Lpipe = 150 ft
FHC 2
LT = LPipe + Leq = 150 + 28 = 178 ft

22 Pf = 15.4952 psi
Ppump = P24 + Pelevation + Pfriction
FHC 1
Ppump = 107.3655 + 39.4753 + 15.4952

Ppump = 162.336 psi
Summary: Qpump = 888.516 gpm @ 162.336 psi (11.196
bar)
24
According to NFFPA the nearest pump Rating to our estimated flow rate
is 1000 gpm.
PUMP SELECTION
According to Egyptian fire protection code there must be three
considerations in pump selection:
1. Provide the designed Rated head & Rated flow rate.
2. Provide flow rate up to 150% of the rated flow rate and at this flow rate at
head is not less than 65% of the rated head.
3. The shut off pressure (churn pressure) doesn’t exceed 140% of the designed
head.

Hydraulic Calculations

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Hydraulic Calculations

• The proposal is to calculate the maximum required flow and

Type of hazard Light Hazard

in the present case density from (Area/density Chart) = 0.085 gpm/ft2

∆𝑃 = 1.6714 ∆𝑃 = 6.5149 ∆𝑃 = 6.5149 ∆𝑃 = 1.6714

Q1 =17.425 gpm 𝑄2 = 18.8692 gpm 𝑄4 = 18.8692 gpm Q5 =17.425 gpm

Q1 =17.425 gpm 𝑄2 = 18.8692 gpm 𝑄4 = 18.8692 gpm Q5 =17.425 gpm

Now we have 4 equations for 4 unknows (Q8,

Q1 =17.425 gpm 𝑄2 = 18.8692 gpm 𝑄4 = 18.8692 gpm Q5 =17.425 gpm

∆𝑃 = 1.6714 ∆𝑃 = 6.5149 ∆𝑃 = 6.5149 ∆𝑃 = 1.6714

Q1 =17.425 gpm 𝑄2 = 18.8692 gpm 𝑄4 = 18.8692 gpm Q5 =17.425 gpm

Q10 = 20.01 gpm

Q1 =17.425 gpm 𝑄2 = 18.8692 gpm 𝑄4 = 18.8692 gpm Q5 =17.425 gpm

Q1 =17.425 gpm 𝑄2 = 18.8692 gpm 𝑄4 = 18.8692 gpm Q5 =17.425 gpm

P13,∆𝑃12-13, Q12, ∆𝑃11-12), so by iteration we can

Q1 =17.425 gpm 𝑄2 = 18.8692 gpm 𝑄4 = 18.8692 gpm Q5 =17.425 gpm

26.6760 22.6916 3.6749 26.3665 28.7550 1.7385 28.1050

Q1 =17.425 gpm 𝑄2 = 18.8692 gpm 𝑄4 = 18.8692 gpm Q5 =17.425 gpm

P15 = 22.626 psi

Q1 =17.425 gpm 𝑄2 = 18.8692 gpm 𝑄4 = 18.8692 gpm Q5 =17.425 gpm

∴ ∆𝑃11-16 = 5.7432 psi

Q1 =17.425 gpm 𝑄2 = 18.8692 gpm 𝑄4 = 18.8692 gpm Q5 =17.425 gpm

Now we have 4 equations for 4 unknows (Q18,

Q1 =17.425 gpm 𝑄2 = 18.8692 gpm 𝑄4 = 18.8692 gpm Q5 =17.425 gpm

29.3140 27.4015 4.3753 31.7768 31.5677 2.0679 33.8447

Q1 =17.425 gpm 𝑄2 = 18.8692 gpm 𝑄4 = 18.8692 gpm Q5 =17.425 gpm

Q20 = 29.316 gpm

Q1 =17.425 gpm 𝑄2 = 18.8692 gpm 𝑄4 = 18.8692 gpm Q5 =17.425 gpm

∆𝑃22-21 = 31.4707 psi

∆𝑃23-21 = 4.0947 psi

Fittings = 7 T6'' (of 6'' pipe)

∆𝑃21-24 =9.46 psi

LT = LPipe + Leq = 150 + 28 = 178 ft

Ppump = 107.3655 + 39.4753 + 15.4952

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